Prenatal Vitamin D Intake, Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, and Offspring Body Composition: The Healthy Start Study

Cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) has been reported in association with risk of early life recurrent wheeze. In a subset of infants who participated in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial, we demonstrated that higher cord blood 25OHD at birth (>31 ng/mL) was associated with a reduced risk of recurrent wheeze in the first year of life. We then identified a module of co-expressed genes associated with cord blood 25OHD levels >31 ng/mL. Genes in this module are involved in biological and immune pathways related to development and progression of asthma pathogenesis including the Notch1 and transforming growth factor-beta signalling pathways.

Download Full-text

Vitamin D intake, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status and response to moderate vitamin D3 supplementation: a randomised controlled trial in East African and Finnish women

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451700397x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 119 (4) ◽

pp. 431-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Folasade A. Adebayo ◽

Suvi T. Itkonen ◽

Taina Öhman ◽

Essi Skaffari ◽

Elisa M. Saarnio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Ethnic Differences ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

East African ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Intake ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Randomised Controlled

AbstractInsufficient vitamin D status (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D)<50 nmol/l) is common among immigrants living at the northern latitudes. We investigated ethnic differences in response of S-25(OH)D to vitamin D3 supplementation, through a 5-month randomised controlled trial, in East African and Finnish women in Southern Finland (60°N) from December 2014 to May 2015. Vitamin D intakes (dietary and supplemental) were also examined. Altogether, 191 subjects were screened and 147 women (East Africans n 72, Finns n 75) aged 21–64 years were randomised to receive placebo or 10 or 20 µg of vitamin D3/d. S-25(OH)D concentrations were assessed by liquid chromatography–tandem MS. At screening, 56 % of East Africans and 9 % of Finns had S-25(OH)D<50 nmol/l. Total vitamin D intake was higher in East Africans than in Finns (24·2 (sd 14·3) v. 15·2 (sd 13·4) µg/d, P<0·001). Baseline mean S-25(OH)D concentrations were higher in Finns (60·5 (sd=16·3) nmol/l) than in East Africans (51·5 (sd 15·4) nmol/l) (P=0·001). In repeated-measures ANCOVA (adjusted for baseline S-25(OH)D), mean S-25(OH)D increased by 8·5 and 10·0 nmol/l with a 10-µg dose and by 10·7 and 17·1 nmol/l with a 20-µg dose for Finns and East Africans, respectively (P>0·05 for differences between ethnic groups). In conclusion, high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency existed among East African women living in Finland, despite higher vitamin D intake than their Finnish peers. Moderate vitamin D3 supplementation was effective in increasing S-25(OH)D in both groups of women, and no ethnic differences existed in the response to supplementation.

Download Full-text

Insufficient autumn vitamin D intake and low vitamin D status in 7-year-old Icelandic children

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980013003558 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 208-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Adda Bjarnadottir ◽

Asa Gudrun Kristjansdottir ◽

Hannes Hrafnkelsson ◽

Erlingur Johannsson ◽

Kristjan Thor Magnusson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Sunlight Exposure ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Intake ◽

School Based ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Supplements

AbstractObjectiveThe aim was to investigate autumn vitamin D intake and status in 7-year-old Icelanders, fitting BMI and cardiorespiratory fitness as predictors.DesignThree-day food records and fasting blood samples were collected evenly from September to November, and cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with an ergometer bike. Food and nutrient intakes were calculated, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) and serum parathyroid hormone were analysed. Suboptimal vitamin D status was defined s-25(OH)D <50 nmol/l, and deficient status as s-25(OH)D <25 nmol/l.SettingSchool-based study in Reykjavik, Iceland in 2006.SubjectsOf the 7-year-olds studied (n 265), 165 returned valid intake information (62 %), 158 gave blood samples (60 %) and 120 gave both (45 %).ResultsRecommended vitamin D intake (10 μg/d) was reached by 22·4 % of the children and 65·2 % had s-25(OH)D <50 nmol/l. Median s-25(OH)D was higher for children taking vitamin D supplements (49·2 nmol/l v. 43·2 nmol/l, respectively; P < 0·0 0 1). Median s-25(OH)D was lower in November (36·7 nmol/l) than in September (59·9 nmol/l; P < 0·001). The regression model showed that week of autumn accounted for 18·9 % of the variance in s-25(OH)D (P < 0·001), vitamin D intake 5·2 % (P < 0·004) and cardiorespiratory fitness 4·6 % (P < 0·005).ConclusionsA minority of children followed the vitamin D recommendations and 65 % had suboptimal vitamin D status during the autumn. Week of autumn was more strongly associated with vitamin D status than diet or cardiorespiratory fitness, which associated with vitamin D status to a similar extent. These results demonstrate the importance of sunlight exposure during summer to prevent suboptimal vitamin D status in young schoolchildren during autumn in northern countries. An increased effort is needed for enabling adherence to the vitamin D recommendations and increasing outdoor activities for sunlight exposure.

Download Full-text

Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, more so than its epimer, has a linear relationship to leaner body composition across infancy in healthy term infants

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2013-0586 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (10) ◽

pp. 1137-1143 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Tom J. Hazell ◽

Sina Gallo ◽

llze Berzina ◽

Catherine A. Vanstone ◽

Celia Rodd ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Development ◽

Fat Intake ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Z Score ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Weight For Age

Vitamin D status positively associates with skeletal muscle mass and function in adolescents. The C-3 alpha epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (3-epi-25(OH)D3) is high in infants, yet the potential impacts of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 on skeletal muscle development are largely unexplored. The objective of this study was (i) to explore how the concentrations of 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 track with body composition (lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM)) and (ii) to determine the association between 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 in infancy. Healthy breastfed infants (n = 132) were followed from 1 to 12 months of age as part of a vitamin D dose–response study (NCT00381914). Anthropometry and diet were assessed. Body composition was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Plasma 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 concentrations were evaluated using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Plasma 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 increased from 1 to 3 months of age and decreased thereafter (p < 0.05). Infants with 25(OH)D3 concentrations above 75 nmol/L did not have a higher LM (g or %; p > 0.273) than those below this cutoff. LM was not associated with 25(OH)D3, whereas LM% was positively associated with 25(OH)D3 (β = 0.03; CI: 0.01 to 0.06; p = 0.006), while accounting for sex, weight-for-age Z-score, protein and fat intake, and age. For FM, the variables accounting for a significant amount of the variation were plasma 25(OH)D3 concentration (β = −2.38; CI: −4.35, −0.41; p = 0.019), weight-for-age Z-score, protein and fat intake, and time. In healthy infants, higher vitamin D status associates with leaner body composition, though the effect is smaller in magnitude relative to growth.

Download Full-text

Recommended intakes of vitamin D to optimise health, associated circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, and dosing regimens to treat deficiency: workshop report and overview of current literature

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2015.10 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Michiel G. J. Balvers ◽

Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma ◽

Silvia Endenburg ◽

Lisette C. P. G. M. de Groot ◽

Frans J. Kok ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Intake ◽

Skeletal Disease ◽

Health Council ◽

Dosing Regimens ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractVitamin D is a fat-soluble hormone that traditionally has been linked to bone health. Recently, its involvement has been extended to other (extra-skeletal) disease areas, such as cancer, CVD, energy metabolism and autoimmune diseases. Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide problem, and several recommendation-setting bodies have published guidelines for adequate vitamin D intake and status. However, recommendations from, for example, the Health Council of the Netherlands do not provide advice on how to treat vitamin D deficiency, a condition that is often encountered in the clinic. In addition, these recommendations provide guidelines for the maintenance of ‘minimum levels’, and do not advise on ‘optimum levels’ of vitamin D intake/status to further improve health. The NutriProfiel project, a collaboration between the Gelderse Vallei Hospital (Ede, the Netherlands) and the Division of Human Nutrition of Wageningen University (Wageningen, the Netherlands), was initiated to formulate a protocol for the treatment of vitamin deficiency and for the maintenance of optimal vitamin D status. To discuss the controversies around treatment of deficiency and optimal vitamin D status and intakes, a workshop meeting was organised with clinicians, scientists and dietitians. In addition, a literature review was conducted to collect recent information on optimal intake of vitamins, their optimal circulating concentrations, and effective dosing regimens to treat deficiency. This information has been translated into the NutriProfiel advice, which is outlined in this article.

Download Full-text

Vitamin D Status in Japanese Adults: Relationship of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Simultaneously Measured Dietary Vitamin D Intake and Ultraviolet Ray Exposure

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12030743 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 743 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Keiko Asakura ◽

Norihito Etoh ◽

Haruhiko Imamura ◽

Takehiro Michikawa ◽

Takahiro Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Uv Exposure ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Intake ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Ultraviolet Ray

Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency is prevalent worldwide. We investigated the effect of vitamin D intake and ultraviolet ray (UV) exposure on serum vitamin D concentration in Japan. A total of 107 healthy adult participants were recruited from Hokkaido (43° N) and Kumamoto (33° N) prefectures. All participants undertook surveys in both summer and winter. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3) was examined, and vitamin D intake was assessed with a diet history questionnaire. UV exposure was measured with a wearable UV dosimeter. Regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between these factors, with covariates such as sun avoidance behavior. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25(OH)D3; 12 ng/mL (30 nmol/L) ≤ and <20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L))/deficiency (<12 ng/mL) was 47.7% in summer and 82.2% in winter. UV exposure time was short in Kumamoto (the urban area), at 11.6 min in summer and 14.9 min in winter. In Hokkaido (the rural area), UV exposure time was 58.3 min in summer and 22.5 min in winter. Vitamin D intake was significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D3, and a 1 μg/1000kcal increase in intake was necessary to increase 25(OH)D3 by 0.88 ng/mL in summer and by 1.7 ng/mL in winter. UV exposure time was significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D3 in summer, and a 10 min increase in UV exposure time was necessary to increase 25(OH)D3 by 0.47 ng/mL. Although consideration of personal occupation and lifestyle is necessary, most Japanese may need to increase both vitamin D intake and UV exposure.

Download Full-text

High Pregnancy, Cord Blood, and Infant Vitamin D Concentrations May Predict Slower Infant Growth

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2018-00602 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 397-407 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Helena H Hauta-alus ◽

Eero Kajantie ◽

Elisa M Holmlund-Suila ◽

Jenni Rosendahl ◽

Saara M Valkama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Head Circumference ◽

Infant Growth ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Healthy Infants ◽

Arm Circumference ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Parental Height ◽

Relationship Of

Abstract Context The relationship of maternal and infant 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration [25(OH)D] with infant growth is unclear. Objective Our objective was to explore whether 25(OH)D in pregnancy, umbilical cord blood (UCB), or in infancy was associated with infant growth. Design This study involved 798 healthy infants and their mothers in Finland. We assessed 25(OH)D during pregnancy, from UCB at birth, and from the infant at the age of 12 months. Main Outcome Measures Infant length, weight, length-adjusted weight, and head circumference at 6 and 12 months and midupper-arm circumference at 12 months. Results Of the mothers and infants, 96% and 99% were vitamin D sufficient [25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L], respectively. Mothers with pregnancy 25(OH)D >125 nmol/L had the shortest, lightest (in weight), and thinnest (in length-adjusted weight) infants at 6 months (P for all < 0.05). For each 10 nmol/L higher UCB 25(OH)D, the infants were 0.03 SD score (SDS) shorter at 6 months (95% CI −0.05 to −0.01), adjusted for birth size, infant 25(OH)D, and parental height. Higher UCB 25(OH)D associated with smaller head circumference at 6 and 12 months (P for all <0.05) but attenuated after adjustments. Mothers with pregnancy 25(OH)D >125 nmol/L had the thinnest infants at 12 months (P = 0.021). For each 10 nmol/L higher infant 25(OH)D, the infants were 0.03 SDS lighter (−0.05 to −0.01) and 0.03 SDS thinner (−0.05 to 0.00) at 12 months. Conclusions Our results suggest that high pregnancy, cord blood, and infant vitamin D concentration may have disadvantageous effects on infant growth.

Download Full-text

25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Vitamin D Binding Protein, Bioavailable 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, and Body Composition in a Diverse Sample of Women Collegiate Indoor Athletes

Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology ◽

10.3390/jfmk5020032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Jennifer B. Fields ◽

Sina Gallo ◽

Jenna M. Worswick ◽

Deanna R. Busteed ◽

Margaret T. Jones

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Body Composition ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Sport Performance ◽

Whole Body ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Vitamin D Binding Protein ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Women athletes are at higher risk for bone diseases; yet, information on vitamin D status ((25(OH)D), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), and bioavailable 25(OH)D is limited. Collegiate athletes (n = 36) from volleyball (WVB), basketball (WBB), and track and field (WTF) were measured for (25(OH)D), VDBP, and bioavailable 25(OH)D; body composition and bone mineral density (BMD); and skin pigmentation. Participants self-reported daily vitamin D intake and sun exposure. One-way analysis of variance analyzed mean differences in measures across sports. Linear regression examined relationships between 25(OH)D; VDBP; bioavailable 25(OH)D; and whole body, hip, and spine BMD. Participants’ (mean ± SD, 19.4 ± 1.4 years, 172.75 ± 8.21 cm, 70.9 ± 13.2 kg, and 22.9 ± 4.1% body fat) overall mean 25(OH)D was 70.5 ± 32.25 nmol/L, and 28% of participants were deemed inadequate and 61% below thresholds identified as sufficient for athletes. Although WBB athletes consumed higher (p = 0.007) dietary vitamin D (760.9 ± 484.2 IU/d) than WVB (342.6 ± 257.8) and WTF (402.3 ± 376.4) athletes did, there were no differences across sport in serum 25(OH)D. WVB and WTF had higher bioavailable 25(OH)D than WBB. No relationships existed between vitamin D status and body composition. Vitamin D inadequacy was identified among 1/3 of women indoor sport athletes. Consistent monitoring of vitamin D status and diet are recommended to sustain athlete health and sport performance.

Download Full-text

Correlation between Fecal Calprotectin Levels in Meconium and Vitamin D Levels in Cord Blood: Association with Intestinal Distress

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9124089 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 4089

Author(s):

Jae Hoon Jung ◽

Sook Hyun Park

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Fecal Calprotectin ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Distress Symptoms ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

National University ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Median Birth Weight

We aimed to investigate the correlation between vitamin D status in cord blood and fecal calprotectin concentrations in meconium, and also find their association with intestinal distress symptoms during the first two weeks of life. Two hundred and twenty-eight newborns were enrolled in the study who were delivered at Kyungpook National University Children’s Hospital between July 2016 and August 2017. The first passed meconium samples were collected for fecal calprotectin analysis. Intestinal distress involved infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and other feeding interruption signs. The median gestational age of the population was 37.0 (34.3–38.4) weeks, and the median birth weight was 2635 (2100–3268) g. The median fecal calprotectin levels in meconium were 134.1 (55.6–403.2) μg/g (range: 11.5–2000 μg/g) and the median 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) concentrations in cord blood were 21.0 (15.5–28.8) ng/mL. Sixty infants (26.3%) had intestinal distress, including four patients (1.8%) diagnosed as having NEC. Higher fecal calprotectin concentrations (398.2 (131.8–900.2) μg/g vs. 105.6 (39.4–248.5) μg/g, p < 0.001) and lower 25-OHD levels (17.9 (12.8–22.1) ng/mL vs. 23.2 (17.2–33.0) ng/mL, p < 0.001) were found in infants with intestinal distress compared to infants without intestinal distress. The cut-off value was set at 359.8 μg/g with a sensitivity of 0.53 and a specificity of 0.82 for the development of intestinal distress in the first two weeks of life. Serum 25-OHD levels in cord blood were inversely correlated with fecal calprotectin concentrations in meconium.

Download Full-text