scholarly journals Community Parameters and Genome-Wide RAD-Seq Loci of Ceratothoa oestroides Imply Its Transfer between Farmed European Sea Bass and Wild Farm-Aggregating Fish

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Ivona Mladineo ◽  
Jerko Hrabar ◽  
Željka Trumbić ◽  
Tereza Manousaki ◽  
Alexandros Tsakogiannis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Marine Aquaculture ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
The Mean

Wild fish assemblages that aggregate within commercial marine aquaculture sites for feeding and shelter have been considered as a primary source of pathogenic parasites vectored to farmed fish maintained in net pens at an elevated density. In order to evaluate whether Ceratothoa oestroides (Isopoda, Cymothoidae), a generalist and pestilent isopod that is frequently found in Adriatic and Greek stocks of farmed European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), transfers between wild and farmed fish, a RAD-Seq (restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing)-mediated genetic screening approach was employed. The double-digest RAD-Seq of 310 C. oestroides specimens collected from farmed European sea bass (138) and different wild farm-aggregating fish (172) identified 313 robust SNPs that evidenced a close genetic relatedness between the “wild” and “farmed” genotypes. ddRAD-Seq proved to be an effective method for detecting the discrete genetic structuring of C. oestroides and genotype intermixing between two populations. The parasite prevalence in the farmed sea bass was 1.02%, with a mean intensity of 2.0 and mean abundance of 0.02, while in the wild fish, the prevalence was 8.1%; the mean intensity, 1.81; and the mean abundance, 0.15. Such differences are likely a consequence of human interventions during the farmed fish’s rearing cycle that, nevertheless, did not affect the transfer of C. oestroides.

scholarly journals Perfuorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS), Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA), Brominated Dioxins (PBDDs) and Furans (PBDFs) in Wild and Farmed Organisms at Different Trophic Levels in the Mediterranean Sea

Toxics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Fattore ◽  
Renzo Bagnati ◽  
Andrea Colombo ◽  
Roberto Fanelli ◽  
Roberto Miniero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Marine Aquaculture ◽  
Fishery Products ◽  
The Mediterranean

The present study shows the results of perfuorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), brominated dioxins (PBDDs) and furans (PBDFs) measured in several marine fish and seafood of commercial interest at different trophic levels of the food chain. The aims were to investigate the level of the contamination in Mediterranean aquatic wildlife, and in farmed fish, to assess human exposure associated to fishery products consumption. Samples of wild fish were collected during three different sampling campaigns in different Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 37 areas of the Mediterranean Sea. In addition, farmed fish (gilthead sea bream and European sea bass) from off-shore cages from different marine aquaculture plants. Results showed contamination values of PFOS and PFOA were lower than those detected in sea basins other than the Mediterranean Sea. Concentration values of PFOS were generally higher than those of PFOA; moreover, levels in farmed fish were lower than in wild samples from the Mediterranean Sea. Intake of PFOS and PFOA through fishery products consumption was estimated to be 2.12 and 0.24 ng/kg·BW·day, respectively, for high consumers (95th percentile). Results of 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners of PBDDs and PBDFs were almost all below the limit of detection (LOD), making it difficult to establish the contribution of these compounds to the total contamination of dioxin-like compounds in fish and fishery products.

scholarly journals Host-Parasite Interaction between Parasitic Cymothoid Ceratothoa oestroides and Its Host, Farmed European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Ivona Mladineo ◽  
Jerko Hrabar ◽  
Olja Vidjak ◽  
Ivana Bočina ◽  
Slavica Čolak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Host Tissues

Parasitic isopod Ceratothoa oestroides (Cymothoidea, Isopoda) is a common and generalist buccal cavity-dweller in marine fish, recognised for its detrimental effect in fingerling and juvenile farmed European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Although distributed throughout the Mediterranean, the isopod provokes acute outbreaks mainly limited to particular endemic areas in Croatia (Adriatic Sea) and Greece (Aegean Sea). While numerous studies have previously evidenced its gross effect on farmed fish (i.e. decreased condition index, slower growth rate, lethargy and mortality), details on the host-parasite interaction are still lacking. Therefore, using a multimethodological approach, we closely examined the structure and appearance of isopod body parts acting in the attachment and feeding (stereomicroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy), and the extent of host tissues damage (histology, immunohistochemistry, micro-computational tomography) induced by parasitation. Interestingly, while hematophagous nature of the parasite has been previously postulated we found no unambiguous data to support this; we observed host tissues fragmentation and extensive hyperplasia at the parasitation site, and no structures indicative of heme detoxifying mechanisms in the parasite gut, or other traces of a blood meal. The bacterial biofilm covering C. oestroides mouthparts and pereopods suggests that the isopod may play a role in conveying secondary pathogens to the infected host, or alternatively, it serves the parasite in normal interaction with its environment.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Peptides: Identification of Two Beta-Defensins in a Teleost Fish, the European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Carolina Barroso ◽  
Pedro Carvalho ◽  
José F. M. Gonçalves ◽  
Pedro N. S. Rodrigues ◽  
João V. Neves
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Alpha Helix ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Beta Defensins

Beta-defensins consist in a group of cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), widely found throughout vertebrate species, including teleost fish, with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. However, although the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is one of the most commercially important farmed fish species in the Mediterranean area, the characterization of its beta-defensins and its potential applications are still missing. In this study, we characterized two members of the beta-defensin family in this species. Phylogenetic and synteny analysis places sea bass peptides in the beta-defensin subfamilies 1 and 2, sharing similar features with the other members, including the six cysteines and the tertiary structure, that consists in three antiparallel beta-sheets, with beta-defensin 1 presenting an extra alpha-helix at the N-terminal. Further studies are necessary to uncover the functions of sea bass beta-defensins, particularly their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, in order to develop novel prophylactic or therapeutic compounds to be used in aquaculture production.

scholarly journals Investigation of Potential Reservoirs of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria in a European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Farm

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1014
Author(s):  
Davide Mugetti ◽  
Katia Varello ◽  
Paolo Pastorino ◽  
Mattia Tomasoni ◽  
Vasco Menconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Environmental Resistance ◽  
Hygiene Practices

Fish mycobacteriosis is a widespread global problem caused by species of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Mycobacterium marinum is one of the species most often involved in disease episodes of aquarium and farmed fish. Since there is currently no available effective therapy or vaccine, a prompt search for routes of entry is key to limiting the damage induced by the disease. Here we report a case of mycobacteriosis follow up in a European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) farm located in Northern Italy, in which environmental samples and newly added fish batches were analyzed. Samples from fish present on the farm, sediment, and periphyton all resulted positive for M. marinum, whereas the new fish batches and the water samples resulted negative. The environmental resistance of NTM (alcohol-acid resistance, biofilm formation) and the lack of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies make these diseases difficult to manage. Prompt identification of biotic and abiotic reservoirs, combined with good zootechnical hygiene practices, are the most effective measures to control fish mycobacteriosis in intensive farms.

scholarly journals By-products of farmed European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) as a potential source of n-3 PUFA

Biologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Concetta Messina ◽  
Giuseppe Renda ◽  
Laura Barbera ◽  
Andrea Santulli
Keyword(s):  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
By Products

AbstractTotal by-products (TBP) obtained by filleting farmed and wild European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were analyzed to evaluate if, on the basis of the percentage yield, total lipid content and fatty acid composition, they can be considered a resource of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Results show that TBP from intensively farmed fish (IFF) contain higher total lipid content and have a higher level of n-3 PUFA rich in eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosaexaenoic acid (DHA), compared to extensively farmed fish (EFF) and to wild fish (WF) (P < 0.05). This difference may suggest a way of promotion of TBP from IFF sea bass through the n-3 PUFA recovery by extraction.

Prevalence and mean intensity of Anisakis simplex (sensu stricto) in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) from Northeast Atlantic Ocean

2011 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Bernardi ◽  
Andrea Gustinelli ◽  
Maria Letizia Fioravanti ◽  
Monica Caffara ◽  
Simonetta Mattiucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
Northeast Atlantic Ocean

Possible Transmission of Streptococcus iniae from Wild Fish to Cultured Marine Fish

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 4065-4067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Zlotkin ◽  
Hannah Hershko ◽  
Avi Eldar
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Streptococcus Iniae ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT Streptococcus iniae was isolated from diseased wild fish collected near a mariculture facility where gilthead sea bream and European sea bass exhibited a similar infection. Species-specific PCR and ribotyping confirmed that wild and cultured fish were infected by a single S. iniae clone. Wild fish are therefore potential amplifiers of pathogenic S. iniae strains.

Absence of Anisakid Larvae in Farmed European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) and Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.) in Southeast Spain

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1332-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. PEÑALVER ◽  
E. MARÍA DOLORES ◽  
P. MUÑOZ
Keyword(s):  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Anisakid Larvae

In the present study, a total of 871 farmed fish, 612 gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) and 259 European sea bass (Dicentrarchux labrax L.), were examined for the presence of anisakid larvae. Two diagnostic methods were applied, visual inspection and artificial digestion based on the degradation of fish soft tissue in an acidified pepsin enzyme solution. None of the samples examined in this study contained any anisakid parasite. The results suggest that consumption of these farmed fish species carries a minimal risk of exposure to these nematodes in this region.

scholarly journals Shewanella putrefaciens – a new opportunistic pathogen of freshwater fish

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Paździor
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Halophilic Bacteria ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Shewanella Putrefaciens ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Adhesion Ability

Abstract In recent years, Shewanella putrefaciens, commonly known as a halophilic bacteria, has been associated with serious health disorders in freshwater fish. Therefore, it has been described as a new aetiological agent of the disease, named shewanellosis. S. putrefaciens is a heterogeneous group of microorganisms, belonging to the Alteromonadaceae family. Based on different criteria, three biovars and biogroups as well as four genomic groups have been distinguished. The first infections of S. putrefaciens in fish were reported in rabbitfish (Siganus rivulatus) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Outbreaks in farmed fish were reported in Poland for the first time in 2004. The disease causes skin disorders and haemorrhages in internal organs. It should be noted that S. putrefaciens could also be associated with different infections in humans, such as skin and tissue infections, bacteraemia, otitis. Investigations on pathogenic mechanisms of S. putrefaciens infections are very limited. Enzymatic activity, cytotoxin secretion, adhesion ability, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the presence of siderophores are potential virulence factors of S. putrefaciens. Antimicrobial resistance of S. putrefaciens is different and depends on the isolates. In general, these bacteria are sensitive to antimicrobial drugs commonly used in aquaculture.

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