scholarly journals Emerging Therapeutic Modalities against COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shipra Malik ◽  
Anisha Gupta ◽  
Xiaobo Zhong ◽  
Theodore P. Rasmussen ◽  
Jose E. Manautou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Fda Approved Drugs

The novel SARS-CoV-2 virus has quickly spread worldwide, bringing the whole world as well as the economy to a standstill. As the world is struggling to minimize the transmission of this devastating disease, several strategies are being actively deployed to develop therapeutic interventions. Pharmaceutical companies and academic researchers are relentlessly working to investigate experimental, repurposed or FDA-approved drugs on a compassionate basis and novel biologics for SARS-CoV-2 prophylaxis and treatment. Presently, a tremendous surge of COVID-19 clinical trials are advancing through different stages. Among currently registered clinical efforts, ~86% are centered on testing small molecules or antibodies either alone or in combination with immunomodulators. The rest ~14% of clinical efforts are aimed at evaluating vaccines and convalescent plasma-based therapies to mitigate the disease's symptoms. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current therapeutic modalities being evaluated against SARS-CoV-2 virus in clinical trials.

Recent Updates in the Alzheimer’s Disease Etiopathology and Possible Treatment Approaches: A Narrative Review of Current Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elahe Zarini-Gakiye ◽  
Javad Amini ◽  
Nima Sanadgol ◽  
Gholamhassan Vaezi ◽  
Kazem Parivar
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Clinical Trial Design ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Tau Aggregation

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent subtype of incurable neurodegenerative dementias and its etiopathology is still not clearly elucidated. Objective: Outline the ongoing clinical trials (CTs) in the field of AD, in order to find novel master regulators. Methods: We strictly reviewed all scientific reports from Clinicaltrials.gov and PubMed databases from January 2010 to January 2019. The search terms were “Alzheimer's disease” or “dementia” and “medicine” or “drug” or “treatment” and “clinical trials” and “interventions”. Manuscripts that met the objective of this study were included for further evaluations. Results: Drug candidates have been categorized into two main groups including antibodies, peptides or hormones (such as Ponezumab, Interferon β-1a, Solanezumab, Filgrastim, Levemir, Apidra, and Estrogen), and naturally-derived ingredients or small molecules (such as Paracetamol, Ginkgo, Escitalopram, Simvastatin, Cilostazo, and Ritalin-SR). The majority of natural candidates acted as anti-inflammatory or/and anti-oxidant and antibodies exert their actions via increasing amyloid-beta (Aβ) clearance or decreasing Tau aggregation. Among small molecules, most of them that are present in the last phases act as specific antagonists (Suvorexant, Idalopirdine, Intepirdine, Trazodone, Carvedilol, and Risperidone) or agonists (Dextromethorphan, Resveratrol, Brexpiprazole) and frequently ameliorate cognitive dysfunctions. Conclusion: The presences of a small number of candidates in the last phase suggest that a large number of candidates have had an undesirable side effect or were unable to pass essential eligibility for future phases. Among successful treatment approaches, clearance of Aβ, recovery of cognitive deficits, and control of acute neuroinflammation are widely chosen. It is predicted that some FDA-approved drugs, such as Paracetamol, Risperidone, Escitalopram, Simvastatin, Cilostazoand, and Ritalin-SR, could also be used in off-label ways for AD. This review improves our ability to recognize novel treatments for AD and suggests approaches for the clinical trial design for this devastating disease in the near future.

scholarly journals Computational Search for Potential COVID-19 Drugs from FDA-Approved Drugs and Small Molecules of Natural Origin Identifies Several Anti-Virals and Plant Products

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Sharma ◽  
Vikas Tiwari ◽  
Ramanathan Sowdhamini
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Drug Identification ◽  
The World ◽  
Computational Search ◽  
Simple Molecules ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Fda Approved Drugs

<div>The world is facing COVID-19 pandemic at the present time, for which mild symptoms include fever and dry cough. In severe cases it could lead to pneumonia and ultimately death in some instances. The pathogen, SARS-CoV-2, is one of the human coronaviruses which was identified to infect humans first in December 2019. We have interrogated the capacity to repurpose around 2300 FDA-approved drugs and more than 300,000 small molecules of natural origin towards drug identification through virtual screening and molecular dynamics. Interestingly, we observed simple molecules like lactose, previously known anti-virals and few secondary metabolites of plants as promising hits.</div><div><br></div><div></div>

scholarly journals Repurposing FDA-Approved Drugs for COVID-19 Using a Data-Driven Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo R. R. Duarte ◽  
Dennis C. Copertino Jr. ◽  
Luis P. Iñiguez ◽  
Jez L. Marston ◽  
Douglas F. Nixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Transcriptional Signature ◽  
Lung Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Fda Approved Drugs

<p>There have been more than 116,000 recorded deaths worldwide to-date caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and over 1.8 million individuals are currently infected. Although there are now hundreds of clinical trials for COVID-19, there are currently no effective licensed treatments, while the numbers of infected individuals continue to rise at an exponential rate in many parts of the world. Here, we used a data-driven approach utilizing connectivity mapping and the transcriptional signature of lung carcinoma cells infected with SARS-CoV-2, to search for drugs across the spectrum of medicine that have repurposing potential for treating COVID-19. We also performed chemoinformatic analyses to test whether the identified compounds were predicted to physically interact with the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase or main protease enzymes. Our study identified commonly prescribed FDA-approved molecules as important candidates for drug repositioning against COVID-19, including flupentixol, reserpine, fluoxetine, trifluoperazine, sunitinib, atorvastatin, raloxifene, butoconazole, and metformin. These drugs should not be taken for treating or preventing COVID-19 without a doctor’s advice, as further research and clinical trials are now needed to elucidate their efficacy for this purpose.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis of Vaccines to tackle COVID-19 with Patent Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divyansh Sehgal
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Development Activity ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Patent Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Current Stage

As humans are spreading throughout the world, infectious diseases have been a constant companion such as Bubonic Plague (200 Million deaths), 17th Century Great Plague (3 Million deaths), Plague of Justinian (30-50 Million deaths), etc . Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) which was published on 11th January 2020 showing the intensity of Global research and development activity to develop a drug/vaccine against the disease. COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Human to human transmission has created a pandemic situation across the world. Pharmaceutical companies play a crucial role in this scenario to provide Drugs/Vaccines/Therapies to treat and tackle the novel coronavirus disease of 2019. This paper consists of the Drugs and Vaccines which are developed, or in the process of development , their current stage of development (clinical trials) with their patent review.

Drug discovery of small molecules for the treatment of COVID-19: A review on clinical studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharat Goel ◽  
Nivedita Bhardwaj ◽  
Nancy Tripathi ◽  
Shreyans K. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Zoonotic Virus ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Fda Approved Drugs

: Recently, a sudden outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was caused by a zoonotic virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). It has caused pandemic situations around the globe and affecting the lives of millions of people. So far, no drug has been approved for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. As of now, more than 1000 clinical trials are going on for repurposing of FDA approved drugs and for evaluating the safety & efficiency of experimental antiviral molecules to combat COVID-19. Since the development of new drugs may require months to years to reach the market, this review focusses on the potentials of existing small molecule FDA approved drugs and the molecules already in the clinical pipeline against viral infections like HIV, hepatitis B, Ebola virus, and other viruses of coronavirus family (SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV). The review also discusses the natural products and traditional medicines in clinical studies against COVID-19. Currently, 1978 studies are active, 143 completed and 4 posted results (as on June 13, 2020) on clinicaltrials.gov.

Benzodiazepines, Amphetamines, Testosterone and Sildenafil as New Candidates Drugs for Sexual Interest, Desire and/or Arousal Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Joseph Wix ◽  
Ezequiel Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Sexual Interest ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder ◽  
Arousal Disorder ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Fda Approved Drugs ◽  
Desire Disorder

Background: The FDA approved drugs for female sexual interest, desidere and/or arousal disorder (FSIAD), and hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), however this have low tolerability for patients because its multiple side effects and does not show real therapeutic efficacy. Hypoactive Sexaul Desire affects from 750.000.000 to 1.400.000.000 people worldwide. Methods: In this paper we analyze therapeutic candidate in clinical practice as well as the methodologies clinical trials of possible therapeutic targets of different systems related to the dysfunction. Results: Therefore New Drugs (Benzodiazepines, Amphetamines, Testosterone, Sildenafil or New Compound) Clinical Trials to treat this disorder are necessary.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: Viral Genomics, Epidemiology, Vaccines, and Therapeutic Interventions

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Uddin ◽  
Farah Mustafa ◽  
Tahir A. Rizvi ◽  
Tom Loney ◽  
Hanan Al Suwaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Viral Genomics ◽  
Map Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic is due to infection caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus that impacts the lower respiratory tract. The spectrum of symptoms ranges from asymptomatic infections to mild respiratory symptoms to the lethal form of COVID-19 which is associated with severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress, and fatality. To address this global crisis, up-to-date information on viral genomics and transcriptomics is crucial for understanding the origins and global dispersion of the virus, providing insights into viral pathogenicity, transmission, and epidemiology, and enabling strategies for therapeutic interventions, drug discovery, and vaccine development. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of COVID-19 epidemiology, genomic etiology, findings from recent transcriptomic map analysis, viral-human protein interactions, molecular diagnostics, and the current status of vaccine and novel therapeutic intervention development. Moreover, we provide an extensive list of resources that will help the scientific community access numerous types of databases related to SARS-CoV-2 OMICs and approaches to therapeutics related to COVID-19 treatment.

scholarly journals P76 The effect of the pregnancy and lactation labeling rule on prescribing information of FDA-approved drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. e48.2-e48
Author(s):  
A Patel ◽  
M Mazer-Amirshahi ◽  
G Fusch ◽  
A Chan ◽  
J van den Anker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Category System ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Fda Approved Drugs ◽  
Prescribing Information

BackgroundThe U.S. Food and Drug Administration implemented the new Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling Rule (PLLR) in June 2015. Under PLLR, all new drug applications were to present a narrative risk assessment (as opposed to letter category), while drug approvals after June 2001, were required to phase in by June 2020. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of presented pregnancy and lactation data in the drug labeling and degree of adherence to the PLLR.Design/MethodsWe reviewed the labeling data of all new molecular entities (NMEs) approved from 1999–2017. The pregnancy and lactation information was classified as: 1. Harmful to use 2. Safe to use 3. Consideration of safety and efficacy. For drugs approvals after June 2001, presence of pregnancy letter category system was noted.ResultsOf the 456 NMEs, 131 (29%) were classified as harmful to use in pregnancy and 207 (45%) as harmful to use during lactation. This number did not follow any specific pattern over the course of 19 years. Less than 1% of drugs were deemed to be safe during pregnancy or lactation. Human data was the source of pregnancy or lactation information for only 2% of drugs. Up to 70% of drugs belonged to each implementation schedule has yet to meet the PLLR compliance requirement.Conclusion(s)Pregnant and lactating women are mostly advised against use of medications that might be needed for their health and health of their infants based on very limited data. Pharmaceutical companies lagged behind the required adherence rule for labeling updates on pregnancy and lactation information.Disclosure(s)Nothing to disclose

scholarly journals Therapeutic Advances in Diabetes, Autoimmune, and Neurological Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2805
Author(s):  
Jinsha Liu ◽  
Joey Paolo Ting ◽  
Shams Al-Azzam ◽  
Yun Ding ◽  
Sepideh Afshar
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Early Disease ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Early Disease Detection ◽  
Recent Advancement ◽  
Approved Drugs

Since 2015, 170 small molecules, 60 antibody-based entities, 12 peptides, and 15 gene- or cell-therapies have been approved by FDA for diverse disease indications. Recent advancement in medicine is facilitated by identification of new targets and mechanisms of actions, advancement in discovery and development platforms, and the emergence of novel technologies. Early disease detection, precision intervention, and personalized treatments have revolutionized patient care in the last decade. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of current and emerging therapeutic modalities developed in the recent years. We focus on nine diseases in three major therapeutics areas, diabetes, autoimmune, and neurological disorders. The pathogenesis of each disease at physiological and molecular levels is discussed and recently approved drugs as well as drugs in the clinic are presented.

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