G-Quadruplex-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy

G-quadruplexes (G4s) are a class of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) with single-stranded G-rich sequences. Owing to the selectivity of some G4s, they are emerging as targeting agents to overtake side effects of several potential anticancer drugs, and delivery systems of small molecules to malignant cells, through their high affinity or complementarity to specific targets. Moreover, different systems are being used to improve their potential, such as gold nano-particles or liposomes. Thus, the present review provides relevant data about the different studies with G4s as drug delivery systems and the challenges that must be overcome in the future research.

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Active Targeting Strategies Using Biological Ligands for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers11050640 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 640 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

Jihye Yoo ◽

Changhee Park ◽

Gawon Yi ◽

Donghyun Lee ◽

Heebeom Koo

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Surface Modification ◽

Small Molecules ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Active Targeting ◽

Target Cells ◽

Specific Receptors ◽

Nanoparticle Drug Delivery

Targeting nanoparticle (NP) carriers to sites of disease is critical for their successful use as drug delivery systems. Along with optimization of physicochemical properties, researchers have focused on surface modification of NPs with biological ligands. Such ligands can bind specific receptors on the surface of target cells. Furthermore, biological ligands can facilitate uptake of modified NPs, which is referred to as ‘active targeting’ of NPs. In this review, we discuss recent applications of biological ligands including proteins, polysaccharides, aptamers, peptides, and small molecules for NP-mediated drug delivery. We prioritized studies that have demonstrated targeting in animals over in vitro studies. We expect that this review will assist biomedical researchers working with NPs for drug delivery and imaging.

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PLGA – THE SMART POLYMER FOR DRUG DELIVERY

Pharmacy & Pharmacology ◽

10.19163/2307-9266-2021-9-5-334-345 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 334-345

Author(s):

N. Surya ◽

S. Bhattacharyya

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Biodegradable Polymers ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Glycolic Acid ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Nano Particles ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

Smart Polymer ◽

Novel Drug

Polymers have become an integral part of novel drug delivery system. One such successful biodegradable polymer is poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) which consists of polyesters of lactic acid and glycolic acid. It is one of the FDA-approved biodegradable polymers which is extensively used for therapeutic purposes in recent times.The aim. To illuminate researchers on the chemistry, novel properties and applications of PLGA in pharmaceutical fields.Materials and methods. Various internet sources like Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and google scholar were used as the data source. The key words search was carried out for the following words and combinations: PLGA, Novel drug delivery, PLGA Nano particles, biomedical applications of PLGA.Results. Pharmaceutical and biomedical industries are flooded with the use of synthetic and natural polymers. The mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the polymers make them suitable for the temporal and spatial delivery of therapeutic agents for an extended period. Employment of copolymerization techniques lead to the modification of water solubility of the polymers and make them suitable for various applications of drug delivery systems. Biodegradable polymers due to their biocompatibility and biodegradable property have attracted their use in novel drug delivery systems. PLGA is one of them. PLGA is versatile as it can be fabricated into any size, shape, and can be used to encapsulate small molecules, tissue engineering, and bone repair, etc.Conclusion. The sensitivity and biodegradability of PLGA makes it a smart polymer for targeted and sustained delivery of drugs and in various biomedical applications.

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Intra-Articular Drug Delivery for Osteoarthritis Treatment

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13122166 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 2166

Author(s):

Yifeng Cao ◽

Yifeng Ma ◽

Yi Tao ◽

Weifeng Lin ◽

Ping Wang

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Nano Particles ◽

Joint Disease ◽

High Concentration ◽

Efficient Treatment ◽

Osteoarthritis Treatment ◽

Prolonged Retention

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Currently, clinical nonsurgical treatments of OA are only limited to pain relief, anti-inflammation, and viscosupplementation. Developing disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) is highly demanded for the efficient treatment of OA. As OA is a local disease, intra-articular (IA) injection directly delivers drugs to synovial joints, resulting in high-concentration drugs in the joint and reduced side effects, accompanied with traditional oral or topical administrations. However, the injected drugs are rapidly cleaved. By properly designing the drug delivery systems, prolonged retention time and targeting could be obtained. In this review, we summarize the drugs investigated for OA treatment and recent advances in the IA drug delivery systems, including micro- and nano-particles, liposomes, and hydrogels, hoping to provide some information for designing the IA injected formulations.

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Floxuridine-containing nucleic acid nanogels for anticancer drug delivery

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c8nr01226a ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (18) ◽

pp. 8367-8371 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Yuan Ma ◽

Hongxia Liu ◽

Quanbing Mou ◽

Deyue Yan ◽

Xinyuan Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Nucleic Acid ◽

Anticancer Drug ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Drug Loading ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

The Self ◽

Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽

Dna And Rna ◽

Loading Ratio

Herein, we report the self-assembled floxuridine-containing DNA and RNA nanogels with a precise drug loading ratio as effective drug delivery systems.

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Cell-Penetrating Peptides and Transportan

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13070987 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 987

Author(s):

Ülo Langel

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Small Molecules ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Functional Materials ◽

Cell Penetrating Peptides ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Cell Penetrating ◽

Novel Drug

In the most recent 25–30 years, multiple novel mechanisms and applications of cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) have been demonstrated, leading to novel drug delivery systems. In this review, I present a brief introduction to the CPP area with selected recent achievements. This is followed by a nostalgic journey into the research in my own laboratories, which lead to multiple CPPs, starting from transportan and paving a way to CPP-based therapeutic developments in the delivery of bio-functional materials, such as peptides, proteins, vaccines, oligonucleotides and small molecules, etc.

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Techniques For The Preparation of Tissue Samples Containing Injectable Polymer Microcapsules

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100120242 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 710-711

Author(s):

G.E. Visscher ◽

R. L. Robison ◽

G. J. Argentieri

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽

Degradation Process ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Tissue Reaction ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Injectable Polymer ◽

Microscopic Techniques

The use of various bioerodable polymers as drug delivery systems has gained considerable interest in recent years. Among some of the shapes used as delivery systems are films, rods and microcapsules. The work presented here will deal with the techniques we have utilized for the analysis of the tissue reaction to and actual biodegradation of injectable microcapsules. This work has utilized light microscopic (LM), transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopic techniques. The design of our studies has utilized methodology that would; 1. best characterize the actual degradation process without artifacts introduced by fixation procedures and 2. allow for reproducible results.In our studies, the gastrocnemius muscle of the rat was chosen as the injection site. Prior to the injection of microcapsules the skin above the sites was shaved and tattooed for later recognition and recovery. 1.0 cc syringes were loaded with the desired quantity of microcapsules and the vehicle (0.5% hydroxypropylmethycellulose) drawn up. The syringes were agitated to suspend the microcapsules in the injection vehicle.

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