scholarly journals Exploring Pharmacy Technician Roles in the Implementation of an Appointment-Based Medication Synchronization Program

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea Renfro ◽  
Davis Coulter ◽  
Lan Ly ◽  
Cindy Fisher ◽  
Lindsay Cardosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Pharmacy Technician ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Outer Setting ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Pharmacy Technicians ◽  
Inner Setting

The objective of this study was to qualitatively explore the role of pharmacy technicians in the implementation of an appointment-based model (ABM) medication synchronization program. The purposeful sampling of technicians working within six different locations of a supermarket chain pharmacy in Mississippi and Tennessee was carried out, and the technicians were interviewed between January and April 2018. A semi-structured interview guide was developed based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Questions gathered information around pharmacy technician demographics and CFIR domains (process, inner setting, outer setting and intervention characteristics). Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. Two members of the research team performed thematic content analysis. Six full-time, certified pharmacy technicians with 8.3 ± 2.7 years of experience were interviewed. Findings suggest that including hands-on experience with program software is needed during training to successfully implement ABM. A barrier to implementation was the time needed to complete ABM tasks as compared to other tasks. Although some barriers exist regarding implementation, technicians believe that overall, this program has positive benefits for patients. Results from this study signify that ABM implementation can be challenging. Better ABM portal integration with the pharmacy patient profile and appropriate workforce budgeting are key to continued success.

scholarly journals Women’s experiences of living with increased inter-recti distance after childbirth: an interview study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Eriksson Crommert ◽  
Karolina Petrov Fieril ◽  
Catharina Gustavsson
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Body ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Diastasis Recti ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Biopsychosocial Perspective

Abstract Background Although an increased inter-recti distance, also known as diastasis recti, is common after pregnancy, evidence-based knowledge about the condition is relatively limited. In particular, little is known about the consequences as perceived by the women. The objective of the present study was to describe how postpartum women with increased inter-recti distance experience the condition as well as the contacts they have had with healthcare providers regarding their symptoms. Methods A purposeful sampling approach was used to recruit 19 participants from an existing study cohort of 144 women. All participants had an inter-recti distance of at least two finger widths and at least one child, with the youngest child between the ages of 1 and 6 years. Individual interviews based on a semi-structured interview guide were performed and subsequently analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Four categories emerged from the interviews: the body’s function and ability has changed; the body does not look like it used to; uncomprehending attitudes and treatment in their surroundings; and trying to acquire an understanding of and strategies to cope with the diastasis. The findings reveal that women with increased inter-recti distance might experience fear of movement and engage in avoidance behaviour. In combination with feelings of physical instability in the midsection of their bodies and body dissatisfaction, many of the women restrict their everyday lives and physical activities. Conclusions The findings indicate that increased inter-recti distance is a complex phenomenon that affects the women in a multitude of ways, highlighting the importance of considering the condition for each individual in her own context from a biopsychosocial perspective.

scholarly journals Pharmacist—Pharmacy Technician Intraprofessional Collaboration and Workplace Integration: Implications for Educators

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Jetha ◽  
Ali Walji ◽  
Paul Gregory ◽  
Dalya Abdulla ◽  
Zubin Austin
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Multiple Stakeholder ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Pharmacy Technicians ◽  
Intraprofessional Collaboration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

Globally, concerns have been expressed regarding the impact of regulation of pharmacy technicians. After more than a decade of experience with technician regulation in Ontario, Canada, uptake of the full scope of practice for technicians has been sporadic at best. The objective of this study was to examine barriers and facilitators to intraprofessional collaboration between pharmacists and pharmacy technicians for the purpose of identifying possible curricular or educational interventions to enhance workplace integration. A qualitative, interview-based study of 24 pharmacists, technicians, educators, pharmacy managers, and owners was undertaken using a semi-structured interview guide. Key findings of this research include: (i) Confirmation of suboptimal utilization of regulated technicians in practice; (ii) identification of crucial knowledge and skills gaps for both pharmacists and technicians; and (iii) proposals for undergraduate education and training, and continuing professional development learning opportunities to address these gaps. In order to achieve the promise and potential of regulation of pharmacy technicians, system-wide change management—beginning with education—will be required and will benefit from multiple stakeholder engagement and involvement.

scholarly journals SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPEDIMENTS TO WOMEN DEVELOPMENT AND EMPOWERMENT IN PESHAWAR, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Saadia Bibi ◽  
◽  
Zulfiqar Ali Kalhoro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Development Goals

Pakistan stands among the worst performers when it comes to the equal opportunities for women. The Sustainable Development Goals (2015-30) have rightly prioritized women’s empowerment to provide them with equal opportunities. The empowerment of women brings about significant positive changes in the socio-economic aspects of the family and women’s status. The patriarchal nature, socio-cultural conditions and feudalistic mode of fabrication in Pakistani society has always kept women marginalized and have restricted them to participate along-with men in communal activities. This study was conducted in Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. At the first stage, a purposeful sampling technique was applied, and then convenience sampling was used for final data collection. The data was collected through a semi-structured interview guide, Students, government staff and employees of private organizations were involved. The study shows that socio-cultural factors have significant implications for the development of gender and empowerment of women. Keywords: women development, women empowerment, culture and religion, women and culture

scholarly journals Pharmacy Technicians’ Willingness to Perform Emerging Tasks in Community Practice

Pharmacy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Doucette ◽  
Jon Schommer
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pharmacy Technician ◽  
Pharmacy Technicians ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
Finger Stick

New tasks are being developed for pharmacy technicians in community practice. The objectives of this study were to (1) assess the willingness of community pharmacy technicians to perform new tasks, and (2) to identify factors affecting technicians in assuming new tasks in community pharmacy practice. An online survey asked about the respondent characteristics, involvement in pharmacy technician tasks, willingness to perform emerging pharmacy technician tasks, and influences on pharmacy technicians’ performance of emerging tasks. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all items. A total of 639 usable surveys from community pharmacy technicians were used in the analyses. The respondents reported a mean of 11.5 years working as a pharmacy technician, with 79.2% working full time. Technicians reported high willingness to perform four emerging tasks, moderate willingness for six tasks, and low willingness to perform two tasks. The low willingness tasks were administering a vaccination and drawing a blood sample with a finger stick. Four workplace influences on willingness to perform emerging tasks were insufficient staffing, insufficient time to complete additional tasks, employers not classifying technicians based on specialized skills, and usually feeling stress at work. It appears likely that pharmacy technicians will be willing to perform the new tasks needed to support the emerging patient care services in community pharmacies.

scholarly journals Description of Position Ads for Pharmacy Technicians

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Juanita A. Draime ◽  
Emily C. Wicker ◽  
Zachary J. Krauss ◽  
Joel L. Sweeney ◽  
Douglas C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Pharmacy Technician ◽  
Uniform Definition ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
Pharmacy Technicians ◽  
Job Duties ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Retail Setting

Pharmacy technician roles are evolving alongside the changing role of a pharmacist. There is currently no uniform definition of a pharmacy technician’s role in the pharmacy workforce. The objective of this study was to look at the United States-based pharmacy technician advertisement database from Pharmacy Week to find patterns and commonalities in the duties and qualifications of pharmacy technicians. A retrospective analysis was performed on fourteen days of pharmacy technician job listings from Pharmacy Week from the year 2018. Information obtained from the listings included job title, location, setting, type of job, job duties, and job requirements. Job duties and requirements were coded by themes. Fourteen days of data resulted in 21,007 individual position listings. A majority of the job listings were for full-time positions (96.4%) and most were in the retail setting (96.78%). The most common requirements were registration with State Board, high school diploma, ability to perform tasks, communication, and physical. The most common job duties were general office etiquette, performing tasks under the direct supervision of the pharmacist, and professionalism. This study provides a description of the evolving role of pharmacy technicians through the broad variety in expectations for requirements of pharmacy technician applicants and the duties they perform when hired.

scholarly journals Exploring multi-stakeholder perceptions of practice-related facilitators to optimising the quality of integration of regulated pharmacy technicians in community pharmacy in Ontario: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Jetha ◽  
Kenneth K C Man ◽  
Dalya Abdulla ◽  
Zubin Austin
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Stakeholder Perceptions ◽  
Staffing Ratios ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Pharmacy Technicians ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate multi-stakeholder perceptions of practice-related facilitators to optimising the quality of Regulated Pharmacy Technician (RPT) integration into the community workforce in Ontario. Facilitators to incorporating technicians into the workflow and supporting their optimal scope of practice were explored. Methods A qualitative exploratory study comprising a series of one-to-one interviews using a piloted, semi-structured interview guide was conducted with four community pharmacy stakeholder groups; pharmacists, RPTs, pharmacy assistants and pharmacy owners. Interviews were conducted until saturation of themes. Verbatim transcripts were coded inductively using the software, NVivo v12 (QSR International) and general inductive analysis identified key findings. Key findings Twenty-seven interviews were conducted consisting of seven pharmacists, seven RPTs, eight assistants and five pharmacy owners working within community pharmacy and/or academia or hospital. All participants from every stakeholder group acknowledged that the promise of regulation of pharmacy technicians was unfulfilled in practice. Three major themes of practical significance were derived: (i) A viable business plan that incorporates RPT remuneration and ensures sustainability is a facilitator to fuller integration of RPTs, (ii) Planning the pharmacy workflow to support RPTs’ and pharmacists’ evolving scopes is a facilitator to RPT integration and (iii) Schedule planning to incorporate RPTs and appropriate staffing ratios in relation to prescription volume and pharmacy services allows for optimal utilisation of RPT skills and facilitates their integration. Conclusions Achieving integration of RPTs into the business of a community pharmacy has educational, workplace and regulatory implications, requiring the effective engagement of all stakeholders in pharmacy.

Construction of citizenship in hospitalized children, Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Fernando Ledesma Perez ◽  
Maria Caycho Avalos ◽  
Juana Cruz Montero ◽  
Andrea Ayala Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
The Individual

Citizenship is the exercise of the fundamental rights of people in spaces of participation, opinion and commitments, which can not be violated by any health condition in which the individual is. This research aims to interpret the process of construction of citizenship in hospitalized children, was developed through the qualitative approach, ethnomethodological method, synchronous design, with a sample of three students hospitalized in a health institute specializing in childhood, was used Observation technique and a semi-structured interview guide were obtained as results that hospitalized children carry out their citizenship construction in an incipient way, through the communication interaction they make with other people in the environment where they grow up.

Patients’ Perceptions of Caring and Uncaring Nursing Encounters in Inpatient Rehabilitation Settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan C Cheruiyot ◽  
Petra Brysiewicz
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Self ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Being There

This study explores and describes caring and uncaring nursing encounters from the perspective of the patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation settings in South Africa. The researchers used an exploratory descriptive design. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data through individual interviews with 17 rehabilitation patients. Content analysis allowed for the analysis of textual data. Five categories of nursing encounters emerged from the analysis: noticing and acting, and being there for you emerged as categories of caring nursing encounters, and being ignored, being a burden, and deliberate punishment emerged as categories of uncaring nursing encounters. Caring nursing encounters make patients feel important and that they are not alone in the rehabilitation journey, while uncaring nursing encounters makes the patients feel unimportant and troublesome to the nurses. Caring nursing encounters give nurses an opportunity to notice and acknowledge the existence of vulnerability in the patients and encourage them to be present at that moment, leading to empowerment. Uncaring nursing encounters result in patients feeling devalued and depersonalised, leading to discouragement. It is recommended that nurses strive to develop personal relationships that promote successful nursing encounters. Further, nurses must strive to minimise the patients’ feelings of guilt and suffering, and to make use of tools, for example the self-perceived scale, to measure this. Nurses must also perform role plays on how to handle difficult patients such as confused, demanding and rude patients in the rehabilitation settings.

The Acquisition of Socio-cognitive Competence by Nso Children in the Bamenda Grassfields of Northwest Cameroon

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bame Nsamenang ◽  
Michael E. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Routine Tasks ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Among the Nso of Northwest Cameroon, the primary purpose of socialisation is the development of social intelligence and a sense of social responsibility. This process is dependent on and shaped more by "tacit lessions" built into children's apprenticeship in routine tasks and interpersonal encounters with both peers and adults than on role instruction. Nso children are co-participants in their own "hands-on" socialisation. The traditional niche is now in total flux. In order to compare the ideas and values of different parental cohorts inherent in the tension of continuity and change, we interviewed 389 Nso men and women using the Lamnso Parent Interview Guide. The results revealed both similarities and differences in the values of various parental cohorts. Although traditional values were widely endorsed, mothers, parents, and urban respondents tended to manifest less indigenous viewpoints than fathers, grandparents, and rural subjects, perhaps because of their greater exposure to alien modifiers of cultural knowledge and values.

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