scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity, α-Glucosidase Inhibition and UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS Profile of Shmar (Arbutus pavarii Pamp)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1659
Author(s):  
Nawal Buzgaia ◽  
Soo Yee Lee ◽  
Yaya Rukayadi ◽  
Faridah Abas ◽  
Khozirah Shaari
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

The genus Arbutus (Ericaceae) has been traditionally used in folk medicine due to its phytomedicinal properties, especially Arbutus pavarii Pamp. However, this plant has not been evaluated for its efficacy, quality, and consistency to support the traditional uses, potentially in treating diabetes. Despite previous studies that revealed the biological activities of A. pavarii as antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory agents, scientific reports on the bioactive compounds that contribute to its health benefits are still scarce. Therefore, this research focused on the evaluation of antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the methanol crude extracts and various fractions of the leaf and stem bark, as well as on metabolite profiling of the methanol crude extracts. The extracts and fractions were evaluated for total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents, as well as the DPPH free radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Methanol crude extracts of the leaf and stem bark were then subjected to UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS. To the best of our knowledge, the comparative evaluation of the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the leaf and stem bark of A. pavarii, as well as of the respective solvent fractions, is reported herein for the first time. Out of these extracts, the methanolic crude extracts and polar fractions (ethyl acetate and butanol fractions) showed significant bioactivities. The DPPH free radical and α-glucosidase inhibitions was highest in the leaf ethyl acetate fraction, with IC50 of 6.39 and 4.93 µg/mL, respectively, while the leaf methanol crude extract and butanol fraction exhibited the highest FRAP with 82.95 and 82.17 mmol Fe (II)/g extract. The UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS analysis resulted in the putative identification of a total of 76 compounds from the leaf and stem bark, comprising a large proportion of plant phenolics (flavonoids and phenolic acids), terpenoids, and fatty acid derivatives. Results from the present study showed that the different parts of A. pavarii had potent antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, which could potentially prevent oxidative damage or diabetes-related problems. These findings may strengthen the traditional claim on the medicinal value of A. pavarii.

Phytochemical and antioxidant activity of Cadaba farinosa Forssk stem bark extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel M. Halilu ◽  
Abdullahi M. Abdurrahman ◽  
Sylvester N. Mathias ◽  
Chinenye J. Ugwah-Oguejiofor ◽  
Muntaka Abdulrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic

Abstract Cadaba farinosa is used in traditional medicine for treatment of cancer, diabetes, and rheumatism. The research was aimed at evaluating the phytochemical and antioxidant activity of the extracts. The powdered stem bark was extracted successively with the aid of Soxhlet extractor using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The resulting extracts were concentrated on rotary evaporator and the percentage yields were calculated. The phytochemical and TLC profiles of the extracts were studied. The antioxidant activity of the extracts and ascorbic acid (standard) were determined using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. The total phenolic content of the extracts and tannic acid (standard) were evaluated using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent. The percentage yields of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts were found to be 1.19, 1.37, and 13.93%, respectively. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, and triterpenoids. The TLC profiles of the extracts revealed the presence of compounds as evidenced from their R f values. The total phenolic content of ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were found to be 135 and 112 mg, respectively. The free radical scavenging activity demonstrated by the extracts was comparable to ascorbic acid. The ethyl acetate extract had higher phenolic content and demonstrated the highest free radical scavenging with IC50 31.07 mg/mL. The results of research have provided strong preliminary evidence of antioxidant activity which may be because of phenolic compounds in the extracts.

Antioxidant Activities of Mirabilis jalapa L. Seed Epicarp Extract

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1768-1772
Author(s):  
Xin Hong Wang ◽  
Jing Tao Dai
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Mirabilis Jalapa

Mirabilis jalapa L. (Nyctaginaceae) is a traditional specie and widely distributed in most parts of China. Its leaves, roots, seed and flowers are used as drugs pharmacological activity. This is the first report on the biological activity against activities of scavenging free radical and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Mirabilis jalapa L. seed epicarp (MJSE) was immersed with ethanol (or methanol, ethyl acetate, water) in the ultrasonic instrument, then determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of these extracts were performed. Furthermore, antioxidant activities of these extracts were evaluated by using DPPH radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging and FRAP. The TPC, TFC, FRAP and scavenging activities against DPPH and OH radical were in the following order ethyl acetate >ethanol>methanol>water. The TPC of ethyl acetate extract is 4.24 mg GAE /g of dry power weight (DPW), and TFC 0.39 mg RE/ g DPW. ethyl acetate extract exhibit high free radical scavenging rate, IC50 of DPPH and OH assay were 6.62 mg DPW/ml and 3.49 mg DPW/ml, respectively. The TPC values, IC50 obtained from DPPH assay and FRAP assay were highly correlated with correlation of determination (R2 = 0.9878, R2 = 0.9419). The present study confirmed that MJSE has a strong antioxidant activity and can be considered to be safe and an inexpensive source of natural antioxidants and drugs.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxic effects and GC-MS analysis of mangrove-derived Streptomyces achromogenes tch4 extract

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-17
Author(s):  
Janpen Tangjitjaroenkun ◽  
Wanchai Pluempanupat ◽  
Rungnapa Tangchitcharoenkhul ◽  
Waraporn Yahayo ◽  
Roongtawan Supabphol
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dry Extract

The in vitro biological activities of the ethyl acetate extract of the culture filtrate from Streptomyces achromogenes TCH4 (TCH4 extract) were evaluated. The ethyl acetate extract of TCH4 produced a bacteriostatic effect against Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Bacillus subtilis, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The extract had bactericidal activity against S. aureus, S. saprophyticus, S. aureus (MRSA) and K. pneumoniae with minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values in the range of 500-1000 ?g/mL. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in TCH4 were 107.20?2.57 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 44.91?0.84 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g of dry extract. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH radical (IC50 299.64?6.83 ?g/mL) and ABTS radical scavenging (IC50 65.53?0.95 ?g/mL), and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (822.76?9.12 mM FeSO4.7H2O/g dry extract) assays. TCH4 exhibited cytotoxic activity in the DU-145 cell line (IC50 9.36?0.37 ?g/mL). Analysis of extract constituents by GC-MS revealed pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl) (36.85%), benzeneacetamide (23.76%), and deferoxamine (12.85%) as the major compounds, which have been reported to possess pharmaceutical properties. S. achromogenes TCH4 could be a potential source of bioactive metabolites with antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities for pharmaceutical applications.

scholarly journals Profiling Metabolites and Biological Activities of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) Juice and its Product Molasses via a Multiplex Metabolomics Approach

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Ali ◽  
Rania El Gedaily ◽  
Andrei Mocan ◽  
Mohamed Farag ◽  
Hesham El-Seedi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sugarcane Juice ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is an important perennial grass in the Poaceae family cultivated worldwide due to its economical and medicinal value. In this study, a combined approach using mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was employed for the large-scale metabolite profiling of sugarcane juice and its by-product molasses. The polyphenols were analysed via UPLC-UV-ESI-MS, whereas the primary metabolites such as sugars and organic and amino acids were profiled using NMR spectroscopy and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). UPLC/MS was more effective than NMR spectroscopy or GC/MS for determining differences among the metabolite compositions of the products. Under the optimized conditions, UPLC/MS led to the identification of 42 metabolites, including nine flavonoids, nine fatty acids, and two sterols. C/O Flavone glycosides were the main subclass detected, with tricin-7-O-deoxyhexosyl glucuronide being detected in sugarcane and molasses for the first time. Based on GC/MS analysis, disaccharides were the predominant species in the sugarcane juice and molasses, with sucrose accounting for 66% and 59%, respectively, by mass of all identified metabolites. The phenolic profiles of sugarcane and molasses were further investigated in relation to their in vitro antioxidant activities using free radical scavenging assays such as 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical-scavenging ability (DPPH), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). In view of its higher total phenolic content (TPC) (196 ± 2.1 mg GAE/100 g extract) compared to that of sugarcane juice (93 ± 2.9 mg GAE/100 g extract), molasses exhibited a substantially higher antioxidant effect. Interestingly, both extracts were also found to inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes, suggesting a possible antihyperglycaemic effect. These findings suggest molasses may be a new source of natural antioxidants for functional foods.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Phytochemical Profiles and Antioxidant Capacities of Chestnuts Produced in Different Geographic Area in China

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Ziyun Xu ◽  
Maninder Meenu ◽  
Pengyu Chen ◽  
Baojun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Free Phenolic Acids

This study aimed to systematically assess the phenolic profiles and antioxidant capacities of 21 chestnut samples collected from six geographical areas of China. All these samples exhibit significant differences (p < 0.05) in total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), condensed tannin content (CTC) and antioxidant capacities assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging capacity (DPPH), ABTS free radical scavenging capacities (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 14 free phenolic acids. Chestnuts collected from Fuzhou, Jiangxi (East China) exhibited the maximum values for TPC (2.35 mg GAE/g), CTC (13.52 mg CAE/g), DPPH (16.74 μmol TE/g), ABTS (24.83 μmol TE/g), FRAP assays (3.20 mmol FE/100 g), and total free phenolic acids (314.87 µg/g). Vanillin and gallic acids were found to be the most abundant free phenolic compounds among other 14 phenolic compounds detected by HPLC. Overall, the samples from South China revealed maximum mean values for TPC, CTC, DPPH, and ABTS assays. Among the three chestnut varieties, Banli presented prominent mean values for all the assays. These finding will be beneficial for production of novel functional food and developing high-quality chestnut varieties.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Free Radical Scavenging and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activities of Selected Medicinal Plants from Western Nepal

Medicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusum Sai ◽  
Rashmi Thapa ◽  
Hari Prasad Devkota ◽  
Khem Raj Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

Background: More than 700 plants are reported to be used for medicinal purposes in Nepal; however, many of them are not studied for their scientific evidences. The aims of the present study were the estimation of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and the evaluation of the free radical scavenging and α-amylase inhibitory activities of five selected medicinal plants from western Nepal: Aeschynanthus parviflorus Wall. (Gesneriaceae), Buddleja asiatica Lour. (Loganiaceae), Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae), Drepanostachyum falcatum (Nees) Keng f. (Gramineae) and Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz (Anacardiaceae). Methods: The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured using Folin-Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. A 1,1–diphenyl–2–picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay was used to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity and an α-amylase inhibitory assay was carried out to determine the in vitro antidiabetic activity. Results: The phytochemical screening of five hydroalcoholic plant extracts revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, reducing sugars, saponins, terpenoids and tannins. The amounts of total phenolics and flavonoids were found to be the highest in B. asiatica leaf extract, which also showed the most potent free radical scavenging activity. Extract of C. papaya fruits showed the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity, whereas the extracts of B. asiatica leaves and S. pinnata leaves exhibited moderate activity. Conclusions: Some of the medicinal plants selected in this study showed high TPC and TFC values and potent bioactivities. These results may provide the scientific evidences of the traditional uses of these plants. However, further detailed studies on bioactive compounds isolation and identification and evaluation of in vivo pharmacological activities should be performed in future.

scholarly journals In vitro assessment of the protection from oxidative stress by various fractions of Artemisia incisa Pamp.

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1379-1386
Author(s):  
A Aziz-Ur-Rehman ◽  
Sehrish Gulzar ◽  
Muhammad Abbasi ◽  
Tayyaba Shahzadi ◽  
Tauheeda Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ic50 Value

The methanolic extract of Artemisia incisa Pamp. was dissolved in distilled water and successively partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The antioxidant potential of all these fractions and remaining aqueous fraction was evaluated by four methods, i.e., the scavenging activity of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), the total antioxidant activity, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and the ferric thiocyanate assay. In addition, the total phenolics was determined. The obtained results revealed that among the studied fractions the ethyl acetate soluble fraction showed the most potent DPPH-radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 5.3 ? 0.71 ?g mL-1, which is even more effective than the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (IC50 value 0f 12.1? 0.92 ?g mL-1). The ethyl acetate fraction also showed the highest FRAP value (3677.13 ? 27.1 ?g TE mL-1), inhibition of lipid peroxidation (60.93 ? 0.84 % at 500 ?g mL-1) and total phenolic content (95.5 ? 0.05 ?g GAE g-1) as compared to other fractions. However, the remaining aqueous fraction was found to posses the highest antioxidant activity of all the fractions.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of different plant parts of Pellacalyx axillaris

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-397
Author(s):  
Najwa Ahmad Kuthi ◽  
Norazah Basar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

Pellacalyx axillaris or locally known as ‘membuloh’ is a mangrove species belonging to the Rhizophoraceae family. Till date, there has been only one phytochemical study found on this particular plant species and that without any documentation on its biological activities. Therefore, the present work aimed to reveal the phytoconstituents and the antioxidant activity of different crude extracts from different plant parts of P. axillaris. Experimentally, three organic solvents of different polarities i.e. n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol were used to prepare the crude extracts from the dried leaves, twigs and barks of P. axillaris. The preliminary phytochemical screening of this species indicated the presence of terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, anthraquinone glycosides and carbohydrates. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the species evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) suggested that the methanolic bark extract contained potential source of natural antioxidants. Further research into isolation of antioxidant compounds from this species is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Penghambatan Xantin Oksidase Kulit Batang Songi (Dillenia serrata Thunb.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Carla Wulandari Sabandar ◽  
Juriyati Jalil ◽  
Norizan Ahmat ◽  
Nor-Ashila Aladdin ◽  
Harni Sartika Kamaruddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Organic Fractions

Songi (Dillenia serrata) is a tree endemic to Southeast Sulawesi and its stem bark been used in folk medicine. Nonetheless, only a handful scientific knowledge regarding chemistry and biological activities has been investigated on the plant. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity of the stem bark of the plant. Methanol extract and organic fractions (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol) of the dried powdered stem bark of songi were evaluated for phytochemical screening, total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), DPPH, FRAP, and XO in vitro assays. Flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, and saponins present in the extract. TPC and TFC in extract were 59.2 mg GAE/g and 23.4 mg QE/g. The contents in organic fractions were in solvent-dependent manner (methanol>ethyl acetate>petroleum ether). Extract and fractions scavenged DPPH radicals (48.2–59.7%) at 100 μg/mL compared to ascorbic acid, trolox, and gallic acid (90.3–93.8%). FRAP values varied from 0.8–3.4 μg/μg equivalent trolox amount (quercetin and gallic acid were 25.7 dan 32.4 μg/μg, respectively). They also inhibited xanthine oxidase (15.3–50.3%) at 100 μg/mL (allopurinol, 98.2%). The study concluded the potential of methanol extract and organic fraction of the stem bark of songi, thus highlighted the prospect of songi to be used in herbal and drugs development from nature.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial studies of Lannea egregia Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiaceae) extracts and chromatographic fractions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 348-363
Author(s):  
Philip A. Idowu ◽  
Loveth C. Ekemezie ◽  
Charles O. Olaiya
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Different Parts

Screening ‘new’ medicinal plants of traditional importance for bioactive components is a sure way of discovering novel therapeutic agents to treat diseases. This study, therefore investigated the presence of phytochemical, antioxidant and antibacterial components of the extracts of Lannea egregia. Phytochemical screening was done by standard methods. Antibacterial activity of the extracts of Lannea egregia was determined by agar well diffusion method while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by agar dilution method. The antioxidant capacity of the crude extracts was determined through the evaluation of total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, ferric reducing power, total antioxidant capacity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl. The phytochemical screening of the different parts of this plant revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, emodins, phlobatannins, anthocyanins, coumarins and phenolics. Phlobatannins was observed to be absent in the stem bark. The crude extracts obtained from the leaves, stem bark and roots of this plant exhibited good antibacterial activity against typed strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The diameter of the zone of inhibition ranged from 9.0 to 26.0 mm at 100 mg/mL for all the plant parts. The ethyl acetate leaf extract of this plant possessed the highest antibacterial activity with MIC and MBC values of the range of (3.125 to ˃50 mg/mL) and (12.5 to ˃50 mg/mL) respectively. The zone inhibition of the chromatographic fractions of both plants ranged 15-23 mm. Antioxidant study of the extracts of the leaf of L. egregia revealed that the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts have good antioxidant potentials comparable to that of ascorbic acid control. This study has revealed that the extracts from different parts of L. egregia possess good antibacterial and antioxidant activities which could be a function of the various phytochemicals detected in the plant. Keywords: Lannea egregia, Phytochemical, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Column chromatography.

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