scholarly journals The effects of silicon and titanium on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) growth under moisture deficit condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Janmohammadi ◽  
Nasrin Mohamadi ◽  
Fariborz SHEKARI ◽  
Amin ABBASI ◽  
Mohammad ESMAILPOUR
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Nano Silicon ◽  
Semi Arid

Safflower is one of important crop in semi-arid regions of the world, where the precipitations are limited. In order to investigate the effect of foliar spray of nano-silicon dioxide (10 and 20 mM) and nano titanium dioxide (25 and 50 mM) and water-deficit stress (irrigation after 110 mm evaporation) on growth parameters and yield components of spring safflower a field experiment was carried out at the highland semi-arid region, in, North West of Iran. Water deficit stress significantly reduced morpho-physiological traits such as ground cover, canopy width, leaf fresh mass, leaf are and plant height) as well as yield components (e.g. capitulum diameter, seed mass and seed number per capitulum). However, the plants grown under water deficit condition showed the higher harvest index than well irrigated plants. Comparison of the foliar treatments showed that the both nano-particles (silicon and titanium) improved the plant growth and yield components over the control. However, the effect of nano-silicon was more prominent than titanium. The highest amount of seed oil was recorded under well irrigated condition (irrigation after 60 mm evaporation) with foliar application of nano-titanium. The percentage of palmitic acid, arachidic acid and myristic acid in seed increased by nano-titanium application. Altogether, principal component analysis indicated that spray of 10 mM nano silicon dioxide was best foliar treatments under all moisture regimes.

scholarly journals Methionine-induced regulation of growth, secondary metabolites and oxidative defense system in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants subjected to water deficit stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259585
Author(s):  
Gull Mehak ◽  
Nudrat Aisha Akram ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Prashant Kaushik ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Growth Stages

Optimum water availability at different growth stages is one the major prerequisites of best growth and yield production of plants. Exogenous application of plant growth regulators considered effective for normal functioning of plants under water-deficit conditions. A study was conducted to examine the influence of exogenously applied L-methionine on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants grown under water-deficit conditions. Twenty-five-day old seedlings of four sunflower cultivars, FH331, FH572, FH652 and FH623 were exposed to control (100% F.C.) and drought stress (60% F.C.) conditions. After 30-day of drought stress, L-methionine (Met; 20 mg/L) was applied as a foliar spray to control and drought stressed plants. Water deficit stress significantly reduced shoot fresh and dry weights shoot and root lengths, and chlorophyll a content in all four cultivars. While a significant increase was observed due to water deficiency in relative membrane permeability (RMP), malondialdehyde (MDA), total soluble proteins (TSP), total soluble sugars (TSS), ascorbic acid (AsA) and activity of peroxidase (POD). Although, exogenously applied Met was effective in decreasing RMP, MDA and H2O2 contents, it increased the shoot fresh weight, shoot length, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a/b ratio, proline contents and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT enzymes in all four cultivars under water deficit stress. No change in AsA and total phenolics was observed due to foliar-applied Met under water stress conditions. Of all sunflower cultivars, cv. FH-572 was the highest and cv. FH-652 the lowest of all four cultivars in shoot fresh and dry weights as well as shoot length under drought stress conditions. Overall, foliar applied L-methionine was effective in improving the drought stress tolerance of sunflower plants that was found to be positively associated with Met induced improved growth attributes and reduced RMP, MDA and H2O2 contents under water deficit conditions.

scholarly journals Osmolyte-induced water deficit stress mitigation during panicle initiation stage in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Md. Nurjamal Islam ◽  
Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud ◽  
Md. Mahabub Alam ◽  
Md. Nurnabi Islam ◽  
Mohammed Lutfur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Initiation Stage

A field experiment was conducted to observe the osmolyte-induced water deficit stress mitigation during the panicle initiation stage in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan72). At the panicle initiation stage, plants were simulated with four levels of water regimes viz., well-irrigated (D0), water deficit for 5 d (D1), 10 d (D2) and 15 d (D3). Plants were treated with or without 10 mM of proline (Pro) and trehalose (Tre) as foliar spray started at mid-vegetative stage and continued till the end of stress period. Results revealed that water deficit stress drastically reduced most of the plant morpho-physiological attributes while other yield contributing characters were also affected due to prolonged water deficit stress. However, exogenous application of osmolytes like Pro and Tre significantly increased all those morphological, physiological and yield contributing parameters. Foliar addition of osmolytes concomitantly decreased the number of non-effective tillers hill-1 and the number of unfilled grain panicle-1 under water stress condition. Although both the osmolytes performed well under multiple duration of drought stress, the application of 10 mM Pro markedly improved all growth and yield contributing parameters under D1 water deficit stress compared to other stress durations. Hence, it may be concluded that the use of osmolytes would be a prospective remedy against moderate water deficit stress in transplanted rice production.

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Wheat as Influenced by Micronutrients Under Water Deficit Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
MA Tithi ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
MAR Khan ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Randomized Design

Crop productivity is greatly affected by drought stress. In order to evaluate the effects of Zn and Fe micronutrients on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety BARI Gom 29, a pot experiment was conducted at the Agronomy research field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during November 2018 to March 2019. Two water regimes i.e. control (80% of field capacity) and drought (40% of field capacity) were maintained throughout the growing season. Micronutrients Zn and Fe viz. i) ZnSO4.7H2O and Fe3SO4.7H2O @22 kgha-1were applied in soil before sowing; ii) ZnSO4.7H2O solution and Fe3SO4.7H2O solution @ 5% of each were applied as foliar spray at flowering stage following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The results indicated that drought stress affected negatively wheat growth such as plant height, fresh weight of leaf, stem, root and total weight of plant as well as yield. Zn and Fe mitigate the drought effects in wheat which ultimately improve the growth and the yield. Among the micronutrients, Fe (Fe3SO4.7H2O) was found more effective when it was applied as foliar spray @ 5% solution for increasing the growth and yield of wheat under water deficit stress condition. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 119-128

scholarly journals Optimizing irrigation and determining the most sensitive development stage to drought in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in a semi-arid environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Leila Romdhane ◽  
Nicola Dal Ferro ◽  
Amor Slama ◽  
Leila Radhouane
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Three Stages

Rising temperatures and increasing water scarcity, which are already important issues, are expected to intensify in the near future due to global warming. Optimizing irrigation in agriculture is a challenge. Understanding the response of crop development stages to water deficit stress provides an opportunity for optimizing irrigation. Here we studied the response of two barley varieties (Rihane, Martin), to water deficit stress at three development stages (tillering, stem elongation, and heading) by measuring water status and grain yield components in a field experiment in Tunisia. The three stages were selected due to their importance in crop growth and grain development. Water deficit stress was initiated by withholding water for 21 days at the three stages with subsequent re-watering. Water deficit led to a progressive decrease in leaf water potential. In both varieties, heading was the stage most sensitive to water deficit. Leaf water potential measurements indicated that water deficit stress was more severe during heading, which to some extent may have influenced the comparison between growth stages. During heading, the number of ears per plant and weight of a thousand grains were reduced by more than 70% and 50%, respectively compared with stress at tillering. Comparison of yield components showed differences between the two barley varieties only when the water deficit was produced during the tillering stage.

scholarly journals Impact of water deficit stress in maize: Phenology and yield components

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Sah ◽  
M. Chakraborty ◽  
K. Prasad ◽  
M. Pandit ◽  
V. K. Tudu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Water Deficit Stress

scholarly journals Foliar Nitrogen Management for Improving Growth and Yield of Dryland Wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
I. Alam ◽  
I. Khan ◽  
M. Kumar ◽  
A. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
N Application ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Foliar N

Abstract Foliar nitrogen (N) application is considered an important factor affecting phenology, growth, yield, and yield components of dryland wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A field experiment was conducted to study effects of foliar N on dryland wheat (cv. Prisabk-2004) at the Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan, during winter 2010-2011. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design using four replications. A plot size of 3 m by 4 m, having 8 rows, 4 m long and 30 cm apart was used. A total of 80 kg N ha−1 in the form of urea was applied. Out of 80 kg N ha−1, 70 kg N ha−1 was applied to the soil at sowing time, and the remaining 10 kg N ha−1 was applied in the form of foliar spray (2% N). The required foliar N was applied in various combinations (splits) at different growth stages viz. 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after emergence (DAE). Phenological development (days to anthesis and physiological maturity) was delayed, yield components and yield increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) with foliar N over control (water spray without N). Wheat grain yield increased to the highest level (4427 kg ha−1) when 100 % foliar N was applied (no split) at 90 DAE, followed by 4050 kg ha−1 at 120 DAE, while the control (no foliar N) resulted in the lowest grain yield (2573 kg ha−1). We concluded from this study that 2 % foliar N application in a single split either at 90 or 120 DAE could improve wheat productivity under dryland condition.

scholarly journals Influence of Sowing Date on Growth and Yield Components of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) in Semi-Arid Zone

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Hilwa, D. Abu Anga ◽  
Wael A. Marajan ◽  
Abu backer H. Mohammed ◽  
Baha Eldin M Idris
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Semi Arid

The main objective of this study was to quantify the influence of sowing date on growth and yield components of hybrid sunflower (Hysun33) cultivar in semi-arid zone. This experiment was conducted during the seasons 2014/2015-2015/2016 at the farm of the College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Shambat, Khartoum- Sudan. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications and three treatments. Different parameters were considered including plant height, leaf area index (LAI), filled sees number/head, head diameter, dry weight and yield components. The collected data were statistically analyzed. The results revealed that crop sown in May and July showed significant increase in plant height, LAI, head diameter, dry weight, field seed number/head, weight of 100 seeds; yield, and yield; compared to crop sown in March. However, crop sown in the second season showed an increase in growth and yield components compared to the crop of the first season.

scholarly journals Yield Response of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Genotypes to Water Deficit Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsana Mimi ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
QA Khaliq ◽  
MA Baset Mia
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L

An experiment was carried out at research field of Agronomy, Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur from December 2013 to April 2014. Four soybean genotypes viz. i) G 00022 ii) Galarsum iii) BARI Soybean-5 and iv) G 00197 were grown in the field to evaluate the effects of water deficit stress on dry matter accumulation and yield. Plants were subjected to water stress that is irrigation was withdrawn at Blooming stage (R1) and Full Pod (R4 stages up to maturity. Dry matter accumulation, yield and yield components were reduced by the soil water deficit stress and reduction was higher at R1 stage than R4 stage of water stress. Among the genotypes, G 00022 showed the highest tolerance, while G 00197 was highly susceptible in all the water stress conditions. It was found that higher water deficit stress tolerance in G 00022 was associated with higher accumulation of leaf, stem, root and total dry matter under water stress condition.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016 19(2): 51-60

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