scholarly journals Evaluation of Cadmium Bioaccumulation-Related Physiological Effects in Salvinia biloba: An Insight towards Its Use as Pollutant Bioindicator in Water Reservoirs

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2679
Author(s):  
Julia Emiliani ◽  
Wendi G. Llatance Oyarce ◽  
Lucas M. Salvatierra ◽  
Luís A. B. Novo ◽  
Leonardo M. Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Polluted Water ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Cadmium Bioaccumulation ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents ◽  
Qualitative Changes

Free-living macrophytes play an important role in the health of aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the use of aquatic plants as metal biomonitors may be a suitable tool for the management of freshwater reservoirs. Hence, in this study, we assessed the effects of cadmium (Cd) in Salvinia biloba specimens collected from the Middle Paraná River during a 10-day experiment employing artificially contaminated water (100 μM Cd). S. biloba demonstrated a great ability for Cd bioaccumulation in both the root-like modified fronds (named “roots”) and the aerial leaf-like fronds (named “leaves”) of the plants. Additionally, Cd toxicity was determined by the quantification of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a and b, and carotenoids), flavonoids, and soluble carbohydrate contents in S. biloba over time (1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 days). In general, deterioration was more pronounced in leaves than in roots, suggesting a greater implication of the former in long-term Cd sequestration in S. biloba. Deleterious effects in the appraised parameters were well correlated with the total amount of Cd accumulated in the leaves, and with the qualitative changes observed in the plants’ phenotype during the 10-day metal exposure assay. The flavonoids and carotenoids in leaves were highly affected by low Cd levels followed by root carbohydrates. In contrast, chlorophylls and root flavonoids were the least impacted physiological parameters. Therefore, our results demonstrate that S. biloba displays dissimilar organ-linked physiological responses to counteract Cd phytotoxicity and that these responses are also time-dependent. Though further research is needed, our work suggests that easy-handled physiological data obtained from autochthonous free-floating S. biloba specimens may be used as a valuable tool for metal-polluted water biomonitoring.

scholarly journals A fuzzy set model for assessment of a perspectives level for integration of new materials in industrial enterprise processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00045
Author(s):  
Elena Kasianenko ◽  
Evgenii Konnikov ◽  
Nikita Lukashevich
Keyword(s):  
Risk Process ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Process Systems ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Effective Models ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Qualitative Changes

The definition of effective improvement vectors is currently one of the most pressing challenges facing the industry representatives. The transition to the sixth technological mode effectively contributes to competition intensification in all markets of industrial products. This is largely due to the fact that existing process systems are at the peak of their effectiveness. Further development requires qualitative changes. However, the principal improvement is a long-term and high-risk process. For this reason the issue of creating effective models for assessment of the strategic lines of processes improvement becomes increasingly important for industrial enterprises. This article considers in details the vector of industrial enterprise processes improvement based on the integration of new materials. As a result, a model allowing to assess a perspectives level for integration of new materials in industrial enterprise processes is created.

scholarly journals Modern socio-cultural communications: Transformations in the digital age

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-389
Author(s):  
Evgeniya V. Listvina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
Media Space ◽  
Emotional Component ◽  
The Media ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Qualitative Changes

The article deals with the problem of transformation of modern communication processes caused by the formation of a new digital society and its influence on all aspects of social and cultural life. Communication becomes diverse, rhizomatically branched, offering an interweaving of channels and means of communication, a multivariate effectiveness and a change in the actual communicants, communication actors. It is noted that long-term social ties cease to be dominant. A qualitatively new environment, called the media space, lays down a new format of communication. Information is perceived in increasingly shorter blocks. The essence and depth of communicative interaction is flattened. People are increasingly communicating taking into account specific brief cases or events, uniting for their implementation in rapidly disintegrating fragile social formations. Horizontal socio-cultural ties and social stigmergia are being strengthened. There is a playization, which is becoming one of the characteristic features of modern communication. There is a leveling of communications, interactions of different levels and different tasks. The author notes that such changes contribute to the disappearance of hierarchy, multi-level, highly contextual interaction from the space and at the same time strengthen the emotional component of communication. All this creates conditions for qualitative changes in the meanings and methods of social interaction.

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF SURFACE WATER IN THE CENTRAL CAUCASUS DURING WINTER BETWEEN AND SUMMER FLOOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5(55)) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Liliya Zuberovna Zhinzhakova ◽  
Elena Alexandrovna Cherednik
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
High Water ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Trace Impurities ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Summer Flood

Based on long-term observations, the assessment of the pollution of the rivers of the Central Caucasus was carried out by comparing the calculated coefficients of the complexity of pollution and the specific combinatorial index of pollution of surface waters, and the quality classes were determined. The results of chemical analysis of the concentration levels of trace impurities (Mo, Pb, Zn, V, Ni, Cr, Mn, Ag) and inorganic nitrogen compounds (NO2 -, NO3 — and NH4 +) in the waters of 13 rivers in two permanent sections of each watercourse were used. The results of calculating the indicators of pollution in the waters of rivers of winter low water and summer high water are presented. The most polluted watercourses and the frequency of pollution in each river are identified, estimated by the values of the specific combinatorial index of water pollution, the coefficient of complexity of pollution, and the class of water quality is presented. The assessment of the most polluted water bodies during the winter low-water period and summer flood is given according to the classification of water quality. According to long-term observations, the features of watercourses and their differences in terms of pollution are presented.

scholarly journals Long-term soil metal exposure impaired temporal variation in microbial metatranscriptomes and enriched active phages

Microbiome ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Jacquiod ◽  
Inês Nunes ◽  
Asker Brejnrod ◽  
Martin A. Hansen ◽  
Peter E. Holm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Soil Metal

scholarly journals Long-term surgical anaesthesia with isoflurane in human habituated Nile Crocodiles

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
George F. Stegmann ◽  
Catherine J.A. Williams ◽  
Craig Franklin ◽  
Tobias Wang ◽  
Michael Axelsson
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Surgical Incision ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Physiological Sensors

A suitable long-term anaesthetic technique was required for implantation of physiological sensors and telemetric devices in sub-adult Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) to allow the collection of physiological data. Five Nile crocodiles with a median body mass of 24 kg were used. After manual capture, they were blindfolded and 0.2 mL (1 mg/mL) medetomidine was administered intramuscularly in four of the animals which had an estimated body mass between 20 kg and 30 kg. One crocodile with an estimated body mass of 50 kg received 0.5 mL. For induction, 5 mL propofol (10 mg/mL) was injected intravenously into the occipital sinus. Additional doses were given when required to ensure adequate anaesthesia. Anaesthesia was maintained with 1.5% isoflurane. Ventilation was controlled. Local anaesthesia was administered for surgical incision and external placement of the radio transmitter. Medetomidine was antagonised with atipamezole at the end of surgery. Median heart rate during surgery was 22 beats/min, at extubation 32 beats per min and 30 beats per min the following day at the same body temperature as under anaesthesia. Median body temperature of the animals increased from 27.3 °C to 27.9 °C during anaesthesia, as room temperature increased from 24.5 °C to 29.0 °C during surgery. Anaesthesia was successfully induced with intramuscular medetomidine and intravenous propofol and was maintained with isoflurane for the placement of telemetric implants. Intraoperative analgesia was supplemented with lidocaine infiltration. Perioperative physiological parameters remained stable and within acceptable clinical limits. Multiple factors appear to influence these variables during the recovery period, including residual anaesthetic effects, environmental temperature and physical activity. 

Summary and Conclusions 2000

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
The World ◽  
Civilized Society

Water security for a world under rapid change Since water represents a profound need of both organisms and society, a crucial question is how that need can be satisfied in a secure manner. There is something fundamentally wrong when we still, in what we call a modern and civilized society, are willing to spend hundreds of billions of dollars on building a space station, and exploring other planets in the search for water, while millions of people die each year due to preventable water-related diseases due to polluted water supply. At the millennium shift, the water management profession and society at large are facing a challenge, the magnitude and complexity of which no earlier generation has had to face. A key issue is to strive towards water security for everyone and to identify the innovative approaches needed to achieve this. Long-term challenges in water management are not so much linked to classical scientific and technical aspects as to institutional innovations. As the world is changing rapidly, so do water professionals, who have to keep up with such changes. Education and competence development is more important than ever.

scholarly journals Toenail as a biomarker of heavy metal exposure via drinking water: a systematic review

2014 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Hafiza Ab Razak ◽  
Sarva Mangala Praveena ◽  
Zailina Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure ◽  
Concentration Data

AbstractToenail is metabolic end product of the skin, which can provide information about heavy metal accumulation in human cells. Slow growth rates of toenail can represent heavy metal exposure from 2 to 12 months before the clipping. The toenail is a non-invasive biomarker that is easy to collect and store and is stable over time. In this systematic review, the suitability of toenail as a long-term biomarker was reviewed, along with the analysis and validation of toenail and confounders to heavy metal. This systematic review has included 30 articles chosen from a total of 132 articles searched from online electronic databases like Pubmed, Proquest, Science Direct, and SCOPUS. Keywords used in the search included “toenail”, “biomarker”, “heavy metal”, and “drinking water”. Heavy metal in toenail can be accurately analyzed using an ICP-MS instrument. The validation of toenail heavy metal concentration data is very crucial; however, the Certified Reference Material (CRM) for toenail is still unavailable. Usually, CRM for hair is used in toenail studies. Confounders that have major effects on heavy metal accumulation in toenail are dietary intake of food and supplement, smoking habit, and overall health condition. This review has identified the advantages and limitations of using toenail as a biomarker for long-term exposure, which can help future researchers design a study on heavy metal exposure using toenail.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document