scholarly journals Significant Accumulation of Iodine and Selenium in Chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum Hegi) Leaves after Foliar Spraying

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1766
Author(s):  
Mateja Germ ◽  
Nina Kacjan-Maršić ◽  
Ana Kroflič ◽  
Ana Jerše ◽  
Vekoslava Stibilj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Spray Solution ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Respiratory Potential

The interactions between the uptake of selenium (as selenite and selenate) and iodine (as iodate and iodide) by red chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum Hegi) and their effects on selected morphological and physiological characteristics were investigated. Seedlings were transplanted to the field, and at the onset of head formation, the plants were foliar-sprayed with the following solutions: Milli-Q water (control), Se (IV), Se (VI), I (−I), I (V), Se (IV) + I (−I), Se (IV) + I (V), Se (VI) + I (−I) and Se (VI) + I (V). The different treatments had no significant effects on the yield (39.8–51.5 t ha−1) and mass (970–1200 g) of the chicory heads. The selenium content in Se-treated plants was up to 5.5-times greater than the control plants. The iodine content in the chicory leaves enriched with I was 3.5-times greater than the control plants. Iodide or iodate, applied together with selenite in the spray solution, increased the uptake of Se by chicory plants, while both forms of iodine, applied together with selenate, reduced the uptake of Se. Plants treated with I (V) had lower amounts of chlorophyll a and carotenoids than the control, while respiratory potential was higher than the control, which indicated the possible presence of stress in I (V)-treated plants. However, the potential photochemical efficiency of photosystem II was similar and close to the theoretical maximum (0.83) in the control and treated groups, which indicated that all of the plants were in good condition. Furthermore, the plant mass and yield were comparable in the control and treated groups. Molecular studies, like gene expression analysis, would represent a major upgrade of the present study by defining the mechanisms of Se and I uptake and their interactions and by enhancing the knowledge of the Se and I transporters.

scholarly journals Effects of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate-deaminase–Producing Bacteria on Perennial Ryegrass Growth and Physiological Responses to Salinity Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Cheng ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Bingru Huang
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Water Control

The accumulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), which is a precursor for ethylene production, in plant roots exposed to salinity stress can be detrimental to plant growth. The objectives of this study were to determine whether inoculating roots with bacteria containing deaminase enzymes that break down ACC (ACC-deaminase) could improve plant tolerance to salinity in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and to examine growth and physiological factors, as well as nutrition status of plants affected by the ACC-deaminase bacteria inoculation under salinity stress. Plants of perennial ryegrass (cv. Pangea) were inoculated with either Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN or Burkholderia gladioli RU1 and irrigated with either fresh water (control) or a 250 mm NaCl solution to induce salinity stress. The bacterium-inoculated plants had less ACC content in shoots and roots under both nonstressed and salinity conditions. Salinity stress inhibited root and shoot growth, but the bacterium-inoculated plants exhibited higher visual turf quality (TQ), tiller number, root biomass, shoot biomass, leaf water content, and photochemical efficiency, as well as lower cellular electrolyte leakage (EL) under salinity stress. Plants inoculated with bacteria had lower sodium content and higher potassium to sodium ratios in shoots under salinity stress. Shoot and root nitrogen content and shoot potassium content increased, whereas shoot and root calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum content all decreased due to bacterial inoculation under salinity treatment. ACC-deaminase bacteria inoculation of roots was effective in improving salinity tolerance of perennial ryegrass and could be incorporated into turfgrass maintenance programs in salt-affected soils.

scholarly journals Iodine and Selenium Contents in Skeletal Muscles of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus), Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) and Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in the Czech Republic

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Kursa ◽  
Ivan Herzig ◽  
Jan Trávníček ◽  
Josef Illek ◽  
Vlasta Kroupová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Game Animals

The objective of this study was to examine iodine and selenium contents in skeletal muscles of selected species of game animals living in regions with low iodine and selenium contents in the soil and water. Iodine content was determined in 66 samples of skeletal muscles of red deer cut out of the musculus gracilis, 32 samples and 27 samples from the same muscle of roe deer and wild boar, respectively. The shot game animals came from hunting grounds in western and southern regions of the Czech Republic and in Protected Landscape Area Šumava. In red deer muscles the average iodine content was 44.9 ± 15.2 μg I·kg-1 wet weight with the range of 6.9 to 82.0 μg I·kg-1. The lower concentration in roe deer meat with the average 39.3 ± 14.1 μg I·kg-1 and the range from 18.3 to 84.4 μg I·kg-1 may be due to differences between biotopes and food. The average iodine concentration in the musculus gracilis of wild boars was 55.9± 27.0 μg·kg-1 wet weight. Selenium content was determined in 22 samples of red deer, 51 samples of roe deer and 27 samples of wild boar skeletal muscles. The average values of selenium content in the meat of red deer, roe deer and wild boars were 16.2 ± 8.4, 36.9 ± 16.6 and 27.6 ± 19.8 μg Se·kg-1 wet weight, respectively. All three species of game animals are characterised by low content and high variability of selenium concentration in meat with the minimum value 3.9 µg and maximum value 83.3 μg·kg-1 wet weight. The study brings new data on iodine and selenium content in the muscle of game animals in the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Growth, Evapotranspiration, and Ion Uptake Characteristics of Alfalfa and Triticale Irrigated with Brackish Groundwater and Desalination Concentrate

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kankarla ◽  
M. K. Shukla ◽  
D. VanLeeuwen ◽  
B.J. Schutte ◽  
G.A. Picchioni
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Ion Uptake ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Persistent Drought ◽  
Species Performance ◽  
Ro Concentrate ◽  
Na Uptake

Persistent drought, low snowfall, and low rainfall have reduced availability of fresh water for irrigating agricultural crops in many arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Brackish groundwater (electrical conductivity; EC > 3 dSm−1) is increasingly used for irrigation in New Mexico. This study investigates the effect of ion uptake from brackish groundwater and concentrate irrigation on the performance of two forage species, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and triticale (×Triticosecale), in sand soils in greenhouse conditions. Two simultaneous experiments were run for 90 days using tap water (control; 0.7 dSm−1), brackish groundwater (BGW; 4 dSm−1), reverse osmosis concentrate (RO; 8 dSm−1, Ca2+ dominant), and BGW plus sodium chloride (BGW + NaCl; 8 dSm−1, Na+ dominant). BGW + NaCl irrigation significantly reduced the evapotranspiration (ET) of both the species. Deep percolation (DP) increased significantly with RO and BGW + NaCl irrigation in alfalfa but only with BGW + NaCl irrigation in triticale. Alfalfa plant growth decreased with increasing salinity, while triticale plants followed an opposite trend. ET continued to decrease with increasing salinity for both species. Na+ dominant (BGW + NaCl) irrigation produced robust growth and early flowering and ear head formation in triticale. Na+ ion concentration in shoots was above 0.66%, which led to reduced alfalfa growth, while more than 1.22% did not decrease triticale growth or biomass. Increased Ca2+ sequestration in alfalfa played a crucial role in reducing Na+ ion toxicity. Species performance primarily confirmed that alfalfa is moderately salt-tolerant while triticale is confirmed to be a halophyte producing abundant growth and biomass with higher Na+ uptake. Triticale proved to be a promising species for reuse of RO concentrate for agriculture in marginal lands.

scholarly journals Selenium uptake and Se compounds in Se-treated buckwheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Golob ◽  
Mateja Germ ◽  
Ivan Kreft ◽  
Igor Zelnik ◽  
Urška Kristan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
Selenium Uptake ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractIn field experiments, tartary buckwheat and hybrid buckwheat were foliarly sprayed with an aqueous solution of sodium selenate (20 mg Se L-1). In treated plants, the selenium content was significantly higher than in controls, irrespective of the plant part and taxon of buckwheat. The highest average Se concentrations in hybrid and tartary buckwheat were found in seeds. The main Se species found in seeds was Semethionine. Selenium-sprayed plants had higher photochemical efficiency of photosystem II in both taxa and higher electron transport system activity in hybrid buckwheat, suggesting a positive effect of Se on physiological characteristics. Because of the concentration of Se in both buckwheat taxa and selenomethionine as the dominant species of Se, Se-enriched buckwheat is a potential source of dietary Se for animals and humans.

Abstract #1074 Iodine Content of the Best-Selling United States Adult and Prenatal Multivitamin Preparations

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 257-258
Author(s):  
Aneesh Patel ◽  
Sun Lee ◽  
Alex Stagnaro-Green ◽  
N.D. Douglas MacKay ◽  
Andrea Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Iodine Content

The Selenium Content of the Flora and Plant and Animal Foodstuffs in Germany

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Anke ◽  
Cordula Drobner ◽  
Bernd Röhrig ◽  
Ulrich Schäfer ◽  
Ralf Müller
Keyword(s):  
Selenium Content

Two Siblings with Total Colonic Aganglionosis Extended to the Ileum

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-189
Author(s):  
Aslan ◽  
Caglar ◽  
Karagüzel ◽  
Melikoglu
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Loop Ileostomy ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Entire Colon ◽  
Total Colonic Aganglionosis ◽  
Protective Ileostomy ◽  
Definitive Surgery ◽  
Partial Intestinal Obstruction

Total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) extended to the ileum is seen quite rare among infants with Hirschsprung's disease. Type and timing of definitive surgery in these patients are controversial. This report was presented to discuss the management of two siblings with TCA. Case 1: A two-day-old girl was operated for partial intestinal obstruction. During laparotomy, serial frozen biopsies proved TCA extended to the terminal ileum and a loop ileostomy was performed. At five months of age, a modified Duhamel-Martin procedure without protective ileostomy was performed. An endo-GIA stapler was transanally used for colo-ileal anastomosis. She is doing well for the last five years. Case 2: A one-day-old boy admitted to the hospital with similar findings to his sister. Frozen biopsies during first laparotomy proved that majority of ileum and entire colon was aganglionic and a proximal ileostomy was performed. At 10 months of age, he underwent a similar Duhamel-Martin operation. He is in a good condition for the last four years. Conclusion: In infants, our modification on Duhamel-Martin procedure, which is based on the use of an endo-GIA stapler transanally for colo-ileal anastomosis without protective ileostomy, may be utilized as an alternative method in the definitive treatment of patients with TCA.

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