scholarly journals Kinetic Analysis of the Curing of a Partially Biobased Epoxy Resin Using Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Lascano ◽  
Luis Quiles-Carrillo ◽  
Rafael Balart ◽  
Teodomiro Boronat ◽  
Nestor Montanes
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Curing Kinetics ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Model Free

This research presents a cure kinetics study of an epoxy system consisting of a partially bio-sourced resin based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with amine hardener and a biobased reactive diluent from plants representing 31 wt %. The kinetic study has been carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under non-isothermal conditions at different heating rates. Integral and derivative isoconversional methods or model free kinetics (MFK) have been applied to the experimental data in order to evaluate the apparent activation energy, Ea, followed by the application of the appropriate reaction model. The bio-sourced system showed activation energy that is independent of the extent of conversion, with Ea values between 57 and 62 kJ·mol−1, corresponding to typical activation energies of conventional epoxy resins. The reaction model was studied by comparing the calculated y(α) and z(α) functions with standard master plot curves. A two-parameter autocatalytic kinetic model of Šesták–Berggren [SB(m,n)] was assessed as the most suitable reaction model to describe the curing kinetics of the epoxy resins studied since it showed an excellent agreement with the experimental data.

Study of the Cure of a Diglycidyl-Ether of Bisphenol-a (DGEBA) / Triethylenetetramine (TETA) Epoxy System by Non-Isothermal Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 1094-1098
Author(s):  
Rosa Losada ◽  
José Luís Mier ◽  
Fernando Barbadillo ◽  
Ramón Artiaga ◽  
Angel Varela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Exothermic Peak ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Reaction Heat ◽  
Marine Coatings

A diglycidyl-ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA)/Triethylenetetramine (TETA) system was studied by non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to establish its kinetics of cure. The DGEBA resin was Araldite GZ 601 X75 used in the marine coatings formulations. Previously, the optimum resin/hardener ratio was determined by the reaction heat measuring (.Hc) calculated from the curing exothermic peak. Tests at different heating rates (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C/min) under inert atmosphere were carried out in order to study the reaction kinetics. The activation energy of the cure (Ea) was obtained from these tests data by Borchardt-Daniels, autocatalytic, Duswalt and isoconversional Ozawa methods. Once the activation energy was determined, the master curves method was applied to find the kinetic model which best describes the measured DSC data. The Sestak-Berggren model SB (m,n) was found to be the most adequate for the system studied.

Study on Curing Kinetics of MEP-15/593/660 System

2014 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Jia Le Song ◽  
Chan Chan Li ◽  
Zhi Mi Zhou ◽  
Chao Qiang Ye ◽  
Wei Guang Li
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Curing Kinetics ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Degree Of Cure ◽  
Curing Kinetic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Kinetics Of

Curing kinetics of MEP-15/593 system and MEP-15/593/660 system is studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Curing kinetic parameters are evaluated and the relationship between diluent 660 and the curing properties is investigated. The results show that the diluent 660 can not only reduce viscosity and activation energy, but also improve the degree of cure and conversion ratio.

SOĞUK HADDELENMİŞ AA3105 VE AA5005 LEVHALARIN DSC ANALİZİ İLE YENİDEN KRİSTALLENME KİNETİĞİ

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Atae RAOUGUI ◽  
Ion GRECU ◽  
Volkan Murat YILMAZ ◽  
Kenan YILDIZ
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Isothermal Kinetics ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Recrystallization Kinetics ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Kinetics Of

In this study, the non-isothermal recrystallization kinetics of cold rolled AA3105 and AA5005 aluminum alloy sheets obtained from ASAŞ Aluminum located in Akyazı-Sakarya was studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The non – isothermal kinetics was performed by using Kissenger, Boswell, Ozawa and Starink methods known as model – free methods. The recrystallization temperatures on DSC graphics at different heating rates (β) were deduced and the activation energies were calculated from the slopes from Y – 1/T diagrams. Y is ln(β/T2) for Kissenger, ln(β/T) for Boswell, ln(β) for Ozawa and ln(β/T1.92) for Starink. The results showed that the activation energies of recrystallization are in the range of 194 – 206 kJ/mol for cold rolled AA5005 sheet and in the range of 235 – 257 kJ/mol for cold rolled AA3105 sheet, according to four non-isothermal kinetics model.

Kinetic Studies on the Thermal Synthesis of Fluorapatite: Model Free and Model-Fitting Methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 75-89
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Javadinejad ◽  
Sayed Ahmad Hosseini ◽  
Mohsen Saboktakin Rizi ◽  
Eiman Aghababaei ◽  
Hossein Naseri
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Isoconversional Methods ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Thermal Synthesis ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Master Plots

The kinetic study for the synthesis of Fluorapatite has been done using the thermogravimetric technique under non-isothermal conditions and at four heating rates of 5, 10, 15 and 20 °C. Both model free and model-fitting methods were used to investigate kinetic parameters. Calcium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide and calcium fluoride were used as the precursor materials. The activation energy values were calculated through model-fitting and isoconversional methods and were used to predict the reaction model and pre-exponential factor. In this case several techniques were considered such as master plots and compensation effects. The results indicated that the reaction mechanism was chemically controlled with second and third order reaction models in the whole range of conversion which the activation energy varied from 25 to 43 kJ/mol.

Study on Curing Mechanism of Azo-Containing Twin Liquid Crystalline Epoxy Resins with Anhydride

2013 ◽  
Vol 702 ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
Teng Fei Shen ◽  
Fa Chao Wu ◽  
Ying Juan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Curing Kinetics ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Curing Reaction ◽  
Azo Group ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Epoxy ◽  
Curing Mechanism ◽  
Kinetics Of

A series of novel azo-containing twin liquid crystalline (LC) epoxy monomers were cured with anhydrides without extra catalyst and the curing kinetics was investigated by non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. The effect of Azo group on the Curing Kinetics of Epoxy/anhydride System was investigated and the result showed that Azo group served as a catalyst to accelerate the curing reaction. The curing mechanism was confirmed by the UV-Vis spectrum.

An improved simplified approach for curing kinetics of epoxy resins by nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Chen ◽  
Yanxia Li ◽  
Yizhuo Gu ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Zuoguang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Curing Kinetics ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Curing Kinetic ◽  
Autocatalytic Curing ◽  
Kinetics Of

The curing kinetics of two different types of commercial epoxy resins were investigated by means of nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in this work. The complex curve of measured heat flow of CYCOM 970 epoxy resin was simplified with the method of resolution of peak. Two typical autocatalytic curing reaction curves were gained and the kinetic parameters of the curing process were demonstrated by combination of those two reactions. The Kissinger method was adopted to obtain the values of the activation energy. The parameters of curing kinetic model were acquired according to the fitting of Kamal model. Isothermal DSC curve of CYCOM 970 epoxy resin obtained using the experimental data shows a good agreement with that theoretically calculated. Then, 603 epoxy resin was investigated by the simplified method and the kinetic parameters were received through the same procedure. The nonisothermal DSC curve tested according to the recommended cure cycle of 603 epoxy resin is also consistent with the calculated results. This improved simplified approach provides an effective method to analyze the curing kinetics of the epoxy resins with complex DSC curves as similar to this study.

Glass transformation temperature and stability of tellurite glasses

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 402-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raouf El-Mallawany
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Transformation Temperature ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Tellurite Glasses ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Glass Transformation ◽  
Glass Series ◽  
Calculated Number

The glass transformation (Tg) and onset crystallization temperatures (Tx) of (100 – x) TeO2–(x)V2O5, (x = 10, 35, and 50 mol%) glasses were measured in the temperature range 300–800 K by differential scanning calorimetry at different heating rates. From the variation of the heating rate, the glass transition activation energy was calculated by different methods. The glass stabilization range S = Tx – Tg was calculated for the whole glass series. Quantitative analysis of the glass transformation temperature was carried out using the calculated number of bonds per unit volume and oxygen packing density.

Curing Kinetics of Anisotropic Conductive Adhesive in the Manufacturing Process of RFID Tags

2013 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Shou Yuan Fan ◽  
Jian Kui Chen ◽  
Zhou Ping Yin
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Curing Kinetics ◽  
Conductive Adhesive ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Degree Of Cure ◽  
Anisotropic Conductive Adhesive ◽  
Curing Reaction ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Kinetics Of

The study of the epoxy-based anisotropic conductive adhesive in electronic packaging interconnects applications (chip-on-glass, chip-on-flex, etc. especially in RFID applications) has received particular attention. This is due to its potential advantages of finer pitch printing, reducing environmental contamination. The thermal curing process is critical to develop the ultimate electrical and mechanical properties of the ACA devices. In this article, the curing kinetics of ACA was studied with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) under constant heating rates conditions in the range of 520 °C/min. The model free method was used to describe the curing reaction. The degree-of-cure and the activation energy through the whole conversion range were mathematically determined and used to predict the progress of the curing process. Experimental results show that the activation energy of the ACA varies significantly with degree-of-cure during the curing process. The peculiar phenomenon indicates that the ACA underwent a complex series of reactions. The kinetics of curing reaction changes when large conversion values are reached at low heating rates. The change in the reaction kinetics is due to vitrification of the ACA during heating. In addition, the degree-of-cure of the ACA as a function of bonding times during isothermal ACA bonding process was theoretically predicted.

Curing Kinetics of Octaepoxysilsesquioxane/DDS System

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1834-1837
Author(s):  
Zeng Ping Zhang ◽  
Jian Zhong Pei ◽  
Shuan Fa Chen ◽  
Hong Zhao Du ◽  
Yong Wen
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Curing Kinetics ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Oligomeric Silsesquioxane ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Epoxy Groups ◽  
Important Kind

Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) can be incorporated into polymers to obtain organic/inorganic hybrid materials. Octaepoxysilsesquioxane (E-POSS) with eight reactive epoxy groups per molecule is an important kind of POSS. E-POSS was cured with 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone diamine (DDS) in this study. The curing kinetics of the E-POSS/DDS system was studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Kinssinger and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods were used to obtain the activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the curing reaction.

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