Performance of a Biodegradable Composite with Hydroxyapatite as a Scaffold in Pulp Tissue Repair

Vital pulp therapy is an important endodontic treatment. Strategies using growth factors and biological molecules are effective in developing pulp capping materials based on wound healing by the dentin-pulp complex. Our group developed biodegradable viscoelastic polymer materials for tissue-engineered medical devices. The polymer contents help overcome the poor fracture toughness of hydroxyapatite (HAp)-facilitated osteogenic differentiation of pulp cells. However, the composition of this novel polymer remained unclear. This study evaluated a novel polymer composite, P(CL-co-DLLA) and HAp, as a direct pulp capping carrier for biological molecules. The biocompatibility of the novel polymer composite was evaluated by determining the cytotoxicity and proliferation of human dental stem cells in vitro. The novel polymer composite with BMP-2, which reportedly induced tertiary dentin, was tested as a direct pulp capping material in a rat model. Cytotoxicity and proliferation assays revealed that the biocompatibility of the novel polymer composite was similar to that of the control. The novel polymer composite with BMP-2-induced tertiary dentin, similar to hydraulic calcium-silicate cement, in the direct pulp capping model. The BMP-2 composite upregulated wound healing-related gene expression compared to the novel polymer composite alone. Therefore, we suggest that novel polymer composites could be effective carriers for pulp capping.

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Direct pulp capping with novel nanostructural materials based on calcium silicate systems and hydroxyapatite

Stomatoloski glasnik Srbije ◽

10.1515/sdj-2016-0019 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 183-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marijana Popović Bajić ◽

Violeta Petrović ◽

Vanja Opačić Galić ◽

Vesna Danilović ◽

Vukoman Jokanović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Silicate ◽

Healing Process ◽

Glass Ionomer Cement ◽

Control Group ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Direct Pulp Capping ◽

Pulp Tissue ◽

Pulp Capping ◽

Nanostructural Material ◽

Experimental Group

Summary Introduction Direct pulp capping is an important therapeutic method that has goal to provide formation of dentin bridge and healing process of the pulp. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of new nanostructural materials based on calcium silicate systems and hydroxyapatite on exposed dental pulp in Vietnamese pigs. Material and Methods The study was conducted on 30 teeth of two Vietnamese pigs (Sus scrofa verus). On buccal surfaces of incisors, canines and first premolars, class V cavities were prepared with a small round bur and pulp horn was exposed. In the first experimental group (10 teeth) the perforation was covered with new nanostructural material based on calcium silicate systems (CS). In the second experimental group, the perforation was covered with compound of calcium silicate systems and hydroxyapatite (HA-CS) (10 teeth). In the control group, exposed pulp was covered with Pro Root MTA® (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Johnson City, TN, USA) (10 teeth). All cavities were restored with glass ionomer cement (GC Fuji VIII, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Observation period was 28 days. After sacrificing the animals, histological preparations were done to analyze the presence of dentin bridge, inflammatory reaction of the pulp, pulp tissue reorganization and the presence of bacteria. Results Dentin bridge was observed in all teeth (experimental and control groups). Inflammation of the pulp was mild to moderate in all groups. Neoangiogenesis and many odontoblast like cells responsible for dentin bridge formation were detected. Necrosis was not observed in any case, neither the presence of Gram-positive bacteria in the pulp. Conclusion Histological analysis indicated favorable therapeutic effects of new nanostructural materials based on calcium silicate systems and hydroxyapatite for direct pulp capping in teeth of Vietnamese pigs.

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Induction of reparative dentin by calcium silicate-based material as direct pulp capping agent

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal ◽

10.3329/bsmmuj.v12i4.43857 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 182-186

Author(s):

Mozammal Hossain ◽

Mahmood Sajedeen ◽

Yukio Nakamura

Keyword(s):

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Calcium Silicate ◽

Normal Function ◽

Direct Pulp Capping ◽

Pulp Tissue ◽

Pulp Capping ◽

Exposure Site ◽

Reparative Dentin ◽

Dentin Formation ◽

Reparative Dentin Formation

This study was performed to examine whether calcium silicate could induce reparative dentin formation without eliciting any adverse effect in direct pulp capping of premolar teeth. Twenty participants who need extraction of their 4 healthy permanent premolar teeth for orthodontic reasons were included in this study. Following the surgical procedure, the exposed pulp tissue was treated either with calcium silicate or covered with calcium hydroxide paste. On day 3, 7, 14 and 28, the experimental teeth was extracted and examined using light microscopy and histometric analysis to observe the inflammatory changes and the amount of reparative dentin formation. The results showed that in the calcium silicate treated teeth, substantial amounts of dentine-like tissue was formed on day 14 and mostly located on the exposure site. It was also observed in the calcium hydroxide treated teeth but dentin-like tissue located at a distance from the exposure site. The total amount of reparative dentine formed in the calcium silicate-treated teeth was significantly higher (p<0.005) than in the calcium hydroxide-treated specimens. In conclusion that the calcium silicate indices pulpal wound healing and reparative formation in the exposed teeth without affecting the normal function of the remaining pulp.

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Ultrastructure of wound healing following direct pulp capping with calcium-beta-glycerophosphate (Ca-BGP)

Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0714.1993.tb00132.x ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 411-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M. Imai ◽

Y. Hayashi

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Direct Pulp Capping ◽

Pulp Capping

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Visible Light-Induced Crosslinkable Gelatin for Direct Pulp Capping

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.529-530.543 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 529-530 ◽

pp. 543-546

Author(s):

Mariko Nakamura ◽

Yasuhiro Yoshida ◽

Yoshihiro Ito

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Visible Light ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Direct Pulp Capping ◽

Hard Tissue ◽

Pulp Tissue ◽

Pulp Capping ◽

Dental Pulp Tissue

Direct pulp capping involves the application of dental materials to the exposed pulp in an attempt to act as a barrier, protect the dental pulp complex and preserve its vitality. The materials for direct pulp capping should ideally adhere to dental pulp tissue as soft tissue and dentin as hard tissue with tight sealing. We therefore developed visible light-induced crosslinkable gelatin which is capable of adhesive to soft tissue and hard tissue.

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Tertiary Dentin Formation after Direct Pulp Capping with Odontogenic Ameloblast-associated Protein in Rat Teeth

Journal of Endodontics ◽

10.1016/j.joen.2010.08.052 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 36 (12) ◽

pp. 1956-1962 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

In-Seok Yang ◽

Dong-Seol Lee ◽

Jong-Tae Park ◽

Heung-Joong Kim ◽

Ho-Hyun Son ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Direct Pulp Capping ◽

Pulp Capping ◽

Tertiary Dentin ◽

Dentin Formation

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MTA and calcium hydroxide for pulp capping

Journal of Applied Oral Science ◽

10.1590/s1678-77572005000200006 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 126-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Alexandra Mussolino de Queiroz ◽

Sada Assed ◽

Mario Roberto Leonardo ◽

Paulo Nelson-Filho ◽

Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva

Keyword(s):

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Direct Pulp Capping ◽

Water Control ◽

Pulp Tissue ◽

Pulp Capping ◽

Tissue Changes ◽

Maxilla And Mandible ◽

Direct Capping

This study evaluated the biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) after direct capping of exposed pulp tissue in dog's teeth. Class I cavities were prepared in 26 teeth from 3 adult dogs. MTA was applied over the exposed pulp in 13 teeth and paste of calcium hydroxide plus distilled water (control) was applied in the remaining 13 teeth. After 90 days, the animals were killed; the maxilla and mandible were dissected and sectioned to obtain individual roots. The samples were processed histologically. The pulp and periapical response observed with the use of MTA was similar to that of calcium hydroxide paste. In all specimens, there was a dentin bridge obliterating the exposure, an intact odontoblastic layer, no inflammatory cells, normal connective pulp tissue, normal apical and periapical regions and no bone tissue changes. Similar to calcium hydroxide, MTA presented excellent response when used for direct pulp capping.

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The inflammatory response of pulp tissue after different direct pulp capping materials at different storage time

Al-Azhar Journal of Dental Science ◽

10.21608/ajdsm.2021.72936.1197 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 265-273

Author(s):

Ali Dogheim ◽

Walaa Alsamolly ◽

Khalid Noaman ◽

Khadiga Kawana

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

Storage Time ◽

Direct Pulp Capping ◽

Pulp Tissue ◽

Pulp Capping

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Histological evaluation of tissue reactions to newly synthetized calcium silicate- and hydroxyapatite-based bioactive materials: in vivo study

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh160719063o ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 145 (7-8) ◽

pp. 370-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vanja Opacic-Galic ◽

Violeta Petrovic ◽

Vukoman Jokanovic ◽

Slavoljub Zivkovic

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Reaction ◽

Calcium Silicate ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Male Rats ◽

Histological Evaluation ◽

Direct Pulp Capping ◽

Pulp Tissue ◽

Pulp Capping ◽

Tissue Reactions

Introduction/Objective. Development of materials which could be used as biological bone substitutes is one of the most valuable and active fields of biomaterial research. The goal of the study was to research the reaction of tissue on calcium silicate- (CS) and hydroxyapatitebased (CS-HA) newly synthesized nanomaterials, after being implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of a rats and direct pulp capping of rabbit teeth. Methods. The tested materials were implanted in 40 Wistar male rats, sacrificed after seven, 15, 30, and 60 days. The direct pulp capping was performed on the teeth of rabbits. Cavities were prepared on the vestibular surface of the incisors. The animals were sacrificed after 10 and 15 days. The control material was mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Histological analysis covered the tracking of inflammatory reaction cellular components, presence of gigantic cells, and necrosis of the tissue. Results. Seven days after the implantation, the strongest inflammatory response was given by the MTA (3.3 ?} 0.48), while CS and CS-HA scored 3 ? 0.71. After 60 days, the rate of inflammatory reactions dropped, which was the least visible with CS-HA (0.2 ? 0.45). The least visible inflammatory reaction of the rabbits? pulp tissue was spotted with the CS (1.83 ? 0.75), than with the MTA and CS-HA (2.67 ? 1.53, 3 ? 0.63). Conclusion. The newly synthesized materials caused a slight reaction of the subcutaneous tissue. CS-HA showed the best tissue tolerance. Nanostructural biomaterials caused a slight to moderate inflammatory reaction of the rabbits? pulp tissue only in the immediate vicinity of the implanted material.

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TheraCal LC: From Biochemical and Bioactive Properties to Clinical Applications

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2018/3484653 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Naji Ziad Arandi ◽

Tarek Rabi

Keyword(s):

Calcium Silicate ◽

Direct Pulp Capping ◽

Pulp Capping ◽

Bioactive Properties ◽

Different Types ◽

Calcium Silicates ◽

Indirect Pulp Capping ◽

Dentine Surface

Background. Direct pulp capping is a popular treatment modality among dentists. TheraCal LC is a calcium silicate-based material that is designed as a direct/indirect pulp capping material. The material might be very attractive for clinicians because of its ease of handling. Unlike other calcium silicate-based materials, TheraCal LC is resin-based and does not require any conditioning of the dentine surface. The material can be bonded with different types of adhesives directly after application. There has been considerable research performed on this material since its launching; however, there are no review articles that collates information and data obtained from these studies. This review discusses the various characteristics of the material with the aim of establishing a better understanding for its clinical use. Methods. A search was conducted using search engines (PubMed and Cochrane databases) in addition to reference mining of the articles that was used to locate other papers. The process of searching for the relevant studies was performed using the keywords pulp protection, pulp capping, TheraCal, and calcium silicates. Only articles in English published in peer-reviewed journals were included in the review. Conclusion. This review underlines the fact that further in vitro and in vivo studies are required before TheraCal LC can be used as a direct pulp capping material.

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