scholarly journals Properties of Stone Matrix Asphalt Modified with Polyvinyl Chloride and Nano Silica

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2358
Author(s):  
Hoang Phong Nguyen ◽  
Pei Feng Cheng ◽  
Tat Thang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Damage Resistance ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Stone Matrix Asphalt ◽  
Aging Conditions ◽  
Multiple Stress Creep Recovery ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Stone Matrix

In this study, the effects of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and nano silica (NS) as modifiers on the properties of stone matrix asphalt (SMA) were studied. The experiment was performed with five modes: 1% NS was mixed into SMA; 5% PVC was mixed into SMA; and the ratio of NS was changed (1, 2, and 3%) with 5% PVC being mixed into SMA. The properties of modified and unmodified SMA materials were determined and compared by performing the penetration test, softening points test, viscosity measurements, dynamic shear rheometry, and multiple stress creep recovery under aging conditions. Moreover, the properties of the modified SMA were also determined in terms of Marshall stability, water stability, and rutting resistance. The obtained results indicate that the physical properties of SMA materials could be significantly improved by using a combination of PVC and NS as a modifier. Moreover, the SMA mixtures modified with PVC and NS exhibited high Marshall stability, good moisture damage resistance, and rutting resistance. Modified SMA mixtures with 5% PVC and 1% NS exhibited the best quality. This research has opened up a new avenue for the development of effective additives for SMA materials.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Anti Stripping Agents (ASAs) on Fatigue and Rutting Properties of Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) Mixtures Modified by Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) and Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Ameli ◽  
Javad Maher ◽  
Amir Mosavi ◽  
Narjes Nabipour ◽  
Rezvan Babagoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Stone Matrix Asphalt ◽  
Waste Polyethylene ◽  
Stone Matrix

The current study assessed the influence of Anti Stripping Agents (ASA), Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) and waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) on performance behavior of binder and Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) mixtures. Through this paper, the 85/100 penetration grade bitumen was utilized as original bitumen. Also, three liquid ASA’s (ASA (A), ASA (B), ASA (C)) were used as a mixture modifier. For this purpose, softening point, penetration, rotational viscosity, Dynamic Shear Rheometer, Multi Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) and Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) tests were implemented to investigate the rheological properties of modified bitumen. For evaluating the behavior of modified mixtures several tests such as; Resilient Modulus, Tensile Strength, dynamic creep, wheel track and four-point beam fatigue tests were implemented. Based on MSCR test results, utilization of mentioned polymers enhanced the elasticity of bitumens and therefore the permanent deformation resistance of binders increases. Also by the addition of PET percentage, the rutting resistance improves. Results indicated that utilization of ASAs, PET and Crumb Rubber (CR) enhance the Resilient Modulus (Mr), Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), rutting resistance, fatigue life and Fracture Energy (FE) of asphalt mixtures. Also based on results, modification of binder by PET/CR with a ratio of 50%/50% and ASA (B) have the highest fatigue life which indicates that this mixture has highest resistance against fatigue cracking.

scholarly journals Effect of Fibers on Mixture Design of Stone Matrix Asphalt

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Sheng ◽  
Haibin Li ◽  
Ping Guo ◽  
Guijuan Zhao ◽  
Huaxin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Mixture Design ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Polyester Fiber ◽  
Mineral Fiber ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Stone Matrix Asphalt ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Stone Matrix

Lignin fibers typically influence the mixture performance of stone matrix asphalt (SMA), such as strength, stability, durability, noise level, rutting resistance, fatigue life, and water sensitivity. However, limited studies were conducted to analyze the influence of fibers on the percent voids in mineral aggregate in bituminous mixture (VMA) during the mixture design. This study analyzed the effect of different fibers and fiber contents on the VMA in SMA mixture design. A surface-dry condition method test and Marshall Stability test were applied on the SMA mixture with four different fibers (i.e., flocculent lignin fiber, mineral fiber, polyester fiber, blended fiber). The test results indicated that the bulk specific gravity of SMA mixtures and asphalt saturation decreased with the increasing fiber content, whilst the percent air voids in bituminous mixtures (VV), Marshall Stability and VMA increased. Mineral fiber had the most obvious impact on the bulk specific gravity of bituminous mixtures, while flocculent lignin fiber had a minimal impact. The mixture with mineral fiber and polyester fiber had significant effects on the volumetric properties, and, consequently, exhibited better VMA over the conventional SMA mixture with lignin fiber. Modified fiber content range was also provided, which will widen the utilization of mineral fiber and polyester fiber in the applications of SMA mixtures. The mixture evaluation suggested no statistically significant difference between lignin fiber and polyester fiber on the stability. The mineral fiber required a much larger fiber content to improve the mixture performance than other fibers. Overall, the results can be a reference to guide SMA mixture design.

The effects of gilsonite and crumb rubber on moisture damage resistance of stone matrix asphalt mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 122052
Author(s):  
Alireza Ameli ◽  
Amir Hossein Pakshir ◽  
Rezvan Babagoli ◽  
Ali Habibpour ◽  
Navid Norouzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Damage Resistance ◽  
Stone Matrix Asphalt ◽  
Stone Matrix

Evaluation of Two Compaction Levels for Designing Stone Matrix Asphalt

2005 ◽  
Vol 1929 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Xie ◽  
Donald E. Watson ◽  
E. Ray Brown
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Mineral Aggregate ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Stone Matrix Asphalt ◽  
Aggregate Breakdown ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Stone Matrix

Current stone matrix asphalt (SMA) design guidelines list two compaction options to design SMA, 50 blows Marshall or 100 gyrations with the Superpave® gyratory compactor (SGC). However, some states have found that 100 gyrations with the SGC is excessive for their materials. In this study a lower compaction level of 65 gyrations was used to compare with the standard 100 gyrations to design SMA mixtures. Results showed that mixtures designed by 65 gyrations had an average of 0.7% higher optimum asphalt content and 1.5% higher voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) than those designed by 100 gyrations. All mixtures designed by 65 gyrations met the minimum asphalt content and VMA requirements for SMA, whereas only eight of 15 mixtures designed by 100 gyrations met those two requirements. Compaction at 100 gyrations resulted in an additional 0.62% average aggregate breakdown at the critical sieve as compared with 65 gyrations. SMA mixtures designed by 65 gyrations and 100 gyrations had an average asphalt pavement analyzer rut depth of 3.9 mm and 3.1 mm, respectively. Thirteen of 15 mixtures designed by 65 gyrations performed well if 5.0 mm was set as the maximum allowed rut depth. On the basis of this study, 65 gyrations can be used to design a more durable SMA mixture, while still maintaining the good rutting resistance that SMA mixtures are noted for. The successful design by 65 gyrations for all five aggregates in this study indicates that a lower design compaction level may allow the use of more aggregate sources for SMA mixtures.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of a Transparent Asphalt Binder Modified with Nano-TiO2

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2152
Author(s):  
Iran Rocha Segundo ◽  
Salmon Landi ◽  
Alexandros Margaritis ◽  
Georgios Pipintakos ◽  
Elisabete Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Softening Point ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Polymer Modification ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Multiple Stress Creep Recovery

Transparent binder is used to substitute conventional black asphalt binder and to provide light-colored pavements, whereas nano-TiO2 has the potential to promote photocatalytic and self-cleaning properties. Together, these materials provide multifunction effects and benefits when the pavement is submitted to high solar irradiation. This paper analyzes the physicochemical and rheological properties of a transparent binder modified with 0.5%, 3.0%, 6.0%, and 10.0% nano-TiO2 and compares it to the transparent base binder and conventional and polymer modified binders (PMB) without nano-TiO2. Their penetration, softening point, dynamic viscosity, master curve, black diagram, Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS), Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were obtained. The transparent binders (base and modified) seem to be workable considering their viscosity, and exhibited values between the conventional binder and PMB with respect to rutting resistance, penetration, and softening point. They showed similar behavior to the PMB, demonstrating signs of polymer modification. The addition of TiO2 seemed to reduce fatigue life, except for the 0.5% content. Nevertheless, its addition in high contents increased the rutting resistance. The TiO2 modification seems to have little effect on the chemical functional indices. The best percentage of TiO2 was 0.5%, with respect to fatigue, and 10.0% with respect to permanent deformation.

scholarly journals The use of multiple stress creep recovery test to characterize polymer modified bitumen

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Andrija GraŠić ◽  
Marko Orešković ◽  
Goran Mladenović
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Recovery Test ◽  
Multiple Stress ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Multiple Stress Creep Recovery ◽  
Polymer Modified Bitumen

The paper analyzes the performance of polymer modified bitumen due to multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR). This phenomenon is of great importance when considering binder’s performance related to rutting resistance on high temperatures during exploitation period. The paper presents testing results of five polymer modified bitumen samples, obtained by two producers, tested under same temperature and stress levels. Finally, bitumen samples are classified under new MSCR specification, according to SUPERPAVE methodology.

scholarly journals Assessment of Rutting Resistance and Healing for Stone Matrix Asphalt Concrete (SMAC)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Saad Issa Sarsam ◽  
Shahed Mahmood Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Stone Matrix Asphalt ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Stone Matrix

Stone Matrix Asphalt Concrete (SMAC) is known as tough, stable, rut-resistant mixture. In this investigation, SMAC was prepared in the laboratory using gap graded aggregates, asphalt cement, mineral filler and coal fly ash as stabilizing agent. Specimens were prepared using static compaction to the target density based on asphalt content for each case. The prepared Specimens were subjected to the 1200 repeated compressive stresses at 25 ºC under various stress levels using the pneumatic repeated load system PRLS. Specimens were subjected to microcrack healing process by external heating for 120 minutes at 60 °C, then it practices another cycle of repeated compressive stresses. The resilient modulus, permanent deformation, and rutting resistance under three levels of stress have been assessed. It was concluded that the resilient modulus Mr increases by (66, 50 and 31) %, (36, 50 and 31) % and (62, 37 and 69) %, while the permanent deformation decreases by (25, 11.4 and 25) %, (19, 31.6 and 14.5) % and (14, 9 and 8.3) % after implementation of fly ash at (OAC-0.5, OAC and OAC+0.5) % binder content under (0.068, 0.138 and 0.206) MPa of repeated compressive stress respectively. The resilient modulus increased by (17.6, 15.3, 10.5) % , (42.8, 51, 37.5) % and (18.7, 25, 23.6) %  and the permanent deformation decline by (3.52, 31.66, 6.25) % under repeated compressive stresses of (0.068, 0.138, 0.206) MPa at (25 °C) after healing for mix with (4.6, 5.1, 5.6) % asphalt content  respectively when compared with mixtures before healing.

scholarly journals Testing of Coarse SMA Using Tapparan River Stone, Tana Toraja Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Emil Loli ◽  
Alpius ◽  
Charles Kamba
Keyword(s):  
Immersion Test ◽  
Coating Material ◽  
Stone Matrix Asphalt ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Stone Matrix ◽  
Pavement Material

This experiment is to intended of Tapparan river stone in a Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA). The method in this experiment is to test character of every agregate and filler. then make a composition of Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) mixture Marshall testing to get the characteristics and the Marshall Immersion test for  the remaining Marshall Stability value. The results of research, shows the character of the pavement material in the form of Tapparan River rock, Tana Toraja Regency, meet some specific for coating material. with conventional Marshall Test, the characteristics with asphalt content of 6.00%, 6.25%, 6.50%, 6.75%, and 7.00% meet the General Specifications. From the Marshall Immersion test, it was obtained that the remaining Marshall Stability was 95.10% with asphalt 7.00% fulfilling the requirements, namely> 90% accordance with the General Specifications.

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