scholarly journals Plant Byproducts as Part of Edible Coatings: A Case Study with Parsley, Grape and Blueberry Pomace

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2578
Author(s):  
Alexandra Tauferova ◽  
Matej Pospiech ◽  
Zdenka Javurkova ◽  
Bohuslava Tremlova ◽  
Dani Dordevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Edible Coatings ◽  
Surface Cracks ◽  
Colour Intensity ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Biodegradable Packaging ◽  
Commercial Scale

Studies dealing with the development of edible/biodegradable packaging have been gaining popularity since these commodities are marked as being ecofriendly, especially when byproducts are incorporated. Consequently, this study aimed at the development of chitosan-based coatings with plant byproducts. Their sensory properties, colour attributes, occurrence of cracks in microstructure and biodegradability were analysed. Coatings containing grape and blueberry pomace had statistically significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of colour intensity. Coating samples were characterised by lower aroma intensity (3.46–4.77), relatively smooth surface (2.40–5.86), and low stickiness (2.11–3.14). In the overall hedonic evaluation, the samples containing parsley pomace in all concentrations and a sample containing 5% grape pomace achieved a statistically significantly (p < 0.05) better evaluation (5.76–5.93). The lowest values of the parameter ΔE2000 were recorded for the sample containing 5% parsley pomace (3.5); the highest was for the sample with 20% blueberry pomace (39.3). An analysis of the coating surface microstructure showed the presence of surface cracks at an 80 K magnification but the protective function of the edible coating was not disrupted by the added plant pomace. The produced samples can be considered to have a high biodegradability rate. The results of our experimentally produced coatings indicate their possible application on a commercial scale.

ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF COMPOSITE EDIBLE COATING INCORPORATED WITH CITRUS LIMON L. PEEL EXTRACT AND IT’S EFFECT ON FUJI APPLES.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Jaisinghani ◽  
Vishnu Vasant Dayare
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Edible Coatings ◽  
Lemon Peel ◽  
Fruit Shelf Life ◽  
Broth Dilution ◽  
Peel Extract

Edible film and coatings are been looked upon for preservation of fruits, vegetables and bakery products. Extended shelf life with preservation of natural properties of food is always been a challenge; by incorporation of bio-actives in edible coatings, the shelf life can be increased as they are known for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. With this view, present study was undertaken, where edible coatings were prepared from starch, gelatin and glycerol and incorporated with Lemon peel extracts and coated on apples for increased shelf life. Antimicrobial activity of Lemon peel extracts was studied on eight organisms by broth dilution method and were found to be effective at concentration 3mg/mL-9mg/mL for bacteria and 50mg/mL- 90mg/mL for fungi. Fuji apples coated with starch-gelatin based edible formulation containing lemon peel extracts were studied for the effect of coating on fruit shelf life during storage for 28 days. Incorporation of lemon peel extract into edible coating improved shelf life with reducing rate of browning of apples.

Commercial-scale aquaculture of tilapia species in Zambia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Inorganic Compound ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
Tilapia Rendalli ◽  
Productive System ◽  
Dominant Fish ◽  
Initial Scheme

Abstract This case study describes the piloting and subsequent commercialization of an integrated pig and fish operation in Zambia. The initial scheme began in October 1981 using indigenous Zambian species including Oreochromis andersonii, Oreochromis macrochir and Tilapia rendalli. Different fertilization techniques were trialled, including organic (chicken manure) and inorganic (compound) fertilisers, and different integration systems were tested; ducks over fish and pigs over fish. Over the 29 years the project has been running, the variety of methods originally trialled have been refined to the extremely productive system in place today. Oreochromis niloticus is the dominant fish species produced, and members of the Clarias genus used as the main predator. The hatchery has been intensified (and now incorporates mono-sexing), aeration systems have been implemented in grow-out ponds and a green-water floating fish pellet has been developed. Yields have increased from an initial average of 2.5 to 3 tons/ha to present yields of over 11 tons/ha. The initial five hectare project has grown to over 45 ha of water producing over 600 tons of fish a year, and a stable herd of 200 sows producing in excess of 4100 slaughter stock per annum.

scholarly journals Tradition and Creativity of the Rahu Symbol in Buddhist Temples: Case Study of Paintings, Sculptures and Amulets in Central and East of Thailand

MANUSYA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-253
Author(s):  
Prasirt Runra ◽  
Sukanya Sujachaya
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
Black Color

The objective of the study was to analyze the transmission and application of Rahu symbolism in contemporary Thai society. Data was collected from both documents and a field study in central and eastern Thailand. It was found that in traditional Thai art, the Rahu symbol is portrayed as his face swallowing the sun or the moon. This kind of Rahu symbol is found in Buddhist temples. Such appearances of the Rahu symbol are related to the belief that Rahu has a protective function. Interestingly, the sculpture of Rahu’s body rather than only his face has become popular in contemporary Thai society. Nowadays, Rahu sculptures tend to be located in specific places. A ritual of worshipping Rahu is often created with offerings of food generally of black color. In addition, the Rahu symbol is now created in several other forms such as posters, magic cloths and amulets. Such newly created art forms of Rahu are due to modern interpretations and meanings of the Rahu symbol in contemporary Thai society. These newly-developed meanings of the Rahu symbol are interesting since they can be applied to deal with people’s problems in the socio-cultural and political context of contemporary Thai society.

Verification of the Combination Rules of Multiple Flaws in ASME B&PV Code Section XI: A Case Study of Two Adjacent Surface Planar Flaws

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihisa Nishioka ◽  
Guangqin Zhou ◽  
Takehiro Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Surface Cracks ◽  
Combination Rule ◽  
Combination Rules ◽  
Alternating Method ◽  
Vna Solution ◽  
Coplanar Cracks

In nuclear pressure vessels, multiple surface cracks are often found by regular inspection. In order to evaluate the integrity of the vessels, ASME B&PV Code Section XI provides the flaw combination rules; however, its accuracy has not been clarified yet. For the analyses of interacting multiple semi-elliptical surface cracks, in 1983 Nishioka and Atluri developed the Vijayakumar, Nishioka, and Atluri (VNA) solution-finite element alternating method which is highly accurate and cost effective. Using this highly accurate VNA-finite element alternating method, the case of extremely closely located two interacting coplanar cracks was analyzed. From the numerical results, it is found that the B&PV Code Section XI provides a conservative flaw combination rule. Therefore, the B&PV Code Section XI is precisely verified by modern and accurate computational technologies.

scholarly journals Application of Gelatin Incorporated with Red Pitaya Peel Methanol Extract as Edible Coating for Quality Enhancement of Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) during Refrigerated Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenru Liu ◽  
Yong Shen ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Jun Mei ◽  
Jing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Edible Coatings ◽  
Refrigerated Storage ◽  
Water Migration ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Basic Nitrogen ◽  
Peel Extract

China is one of the largest producers of red pitaya in the world and responsible for disposal of the huge amount of peel generated as a waste. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the addition of red pitaya peel extract (RPPE, 1.0%, 2.0%, or 3.0% (w/v)) and 0.1% ε-polylysine (ε-PL) to a fish gelatin edible coating on the preservation of deshelled crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) during refrigerated storage. The physicochemical and water migration of the samples were determined during 8-day storage. Deshelled crayfish packaged in edible coatings exhibited significantly (p<0.05) lower values for total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), K value maintenance, and free amino acids (FAAs). This study shows that application of an edible coating incorporated with RPPE and ε-PL is an effective strategy in retarding the quality deterioration in deshelled crayfish during storage.

scholarly journals The Effect of Xanthan Gum and Flaxseed Mucilage as Edible Coatings in Cheddar Cheese during Ripening

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshin Soleimani-Rambod ◽  
Shahin Zomorodi ◽  
Shahram Naghizadeh Raeisi ◽  
Asghar Khosrowshahi Asl ◽  
Seyed-Ahmad Shahidi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Polyvinyl Acetate ◽  
Cheddar Cheese ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Edible Coatings ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Cold Room

The object of this study was to investigate the possibility of using xanthan gum and flaxseed mucilage as edible coatings for Cheddar cheese during ripening for 90 days. Five samples of Cheddar cheese blocks were coated with different coating materials in triplicate as follows: Coated with polyvinyl acetate as control (C), coated with 0.5% xanthan gum (XG), coated with 0.75% flaxseed mucilage (FM1), coated with 1% flaxseed mucilage (FM2), and coated with 1.25% flaxseed mucilage (FM3). All samples were kept at 8 ± 2 °C in a cold room for 90 days. The statistical analysis of the results showed that the moisture content of the samples decreased and the protein content increased during the ripening period (P < 0.01). The pH, acidity, fat in dry matter, and TCA-SN/TN of samples were significantly affected by xanthan gum and flaxseed mucilage treatment (P < 0.01). The free fatty acid composition of samples was significantly affected by edible coatings. Edible coatings affected the growth of non-starter lactic acid bacteria and the total mesophilic aerobic bacteria in a non-significant manner (P > 0.01). The growth of starter bacteria was significantly altered under the effect of edible coating materials (P < 0.05). Tyrosine and tryptophan contents as an index of proteolysis, lipolysis, and sensory evaluation of samples were not significantly different.

Transgenerational transfer of family secret - case presentation

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 316-316
Author(s):  
N. Kravic
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Complete Family ◽  
Developmental Age ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Secret

ObjectiveWe wanted to show how the family secret of adoption can influence even second generation of members.Case studyGirl 15 years of age, high school first grade lived in complete family with older brother and younger sister. Father was a rigid structure, difficult in communication with other family members except youngest daughter. For a first check up she had come with her mother (previously psychiatry treated of depression). Girl was very depressed (CDI 24), her appearance expressed hopelessness, repeatedly thought about suicide, did not accomplish anything she wanted, to study for nurse, or an actress. Two years ago looking through some papers, she had find out that her mother was adopted as a baby, that changed her all life, relationship toward grandparents, could not study, focus on anything else. Just a few days ago she admitted to her mother that she knows a secret about her origins. Her mother also find out that she was adopted when she was 14 (the same age when her daughter find it out), some girls in the school told that to her. Finding out the truth was very devastating for her too.ConclusionTrans - generational transfer of family secret came to resonance of unconscious and girl find out the truth almost in the same age as mother. It has had stressful effect, but also influence trust, and cause anger and feeling of exclusion. Silence has aggressive except protective function. Adolescence as vulnerable developmental age made this girl more sensitive for this.

scholarly journals Anti-bacterial Activity of Alginate Based Edible Coating Solution Added with Lemongrass Essential Oil Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 934 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
H E Irianto ◽  
D B Marpaung ◽  
Ggiyatmi ◽  
D Fransiska ◽  
I Basriman
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Edible Coatings ◽  
Coating Solution ◽  
Lemongrass Essential Oil

Abstract Edible coating is a thin layer that can be made of several materials, one of which is polysaccharides, such as alginates, carrageenan, agar, chitin, chitosan, pectin, starch, cellulose derivatives, and gums. The application of food products with edible coatings has been widely carried out and has been proven to improve quality and extend the shelf life of the product. Antibacterial agent can be added to improve the performance of edible coating. This study was aimed to explore the potential of lemongrass essential oil as an antibacterial agent in alginate based antibacterial edible coating solutions, especially against pathogenic bacteria. Edible coating is made of alginate powder, modified cassava flour (Mocaf), beeswax, glycerol and antibacterial agent. The additional levels of lemongrass essential oil into edible coating formula were 0.25, 1.50 and 0.75%. The antibacterial activity of the edible coating solution produced was tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by employing a disk diffusion testing method. Antibacterial agents used in previous studies to develop alginate-based antibacterial edible coatings and potential applications of the developed alginate-based edible coatings incorporated with lemongrass essential oil were identified by browsing through the internet. The results showed that various antibacterial agents have been explored to improve the performance of alginate based edible coatings. An antibacterial activity study exhibited that the highest antibacterial activity was found in the edible coating with the addition of 0.50% lemongrass essential oil, except for S. aureus at the addition level of 0.75%. This study suggests that the addition of lemongrass essential oil for the manufacture of alginate based edible coating solution is 0.50%. The potential uses of edible coatings made from alginate with the addition of lemongrass essential oil are to coat various animal and plant based food products.

scholarly journals Benefit of ancillary data acquired at the cooperative level to study soil type and climatic zone influence on berry composition: a case study in Rioja appellation

OENO One ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-133
Author(s):  
Urtzi LEIBAR ◽  
Olatz UNAMUNZAGA ◽  
María José FERNÁNDEZ-GÓMEZ ◽  
Purificación GALINDO-VILLARDÓN ◽  
Cesar CASTRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Colour Intensity ◽  
Ancillary Data ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Berry Composition ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Soil Climate

Aim: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of soil type and climate on must qualitative parameters in a winegrower’s cooperative at Rioja appellation.Methods and results: The study was conducted from 2009 to 2011 with data collected routinely before harvest by the technician of a cooperative with a total surface area of 525 ha. Soils were classified using an existing soil map (1:50.000 scale) according to their water-holding capacity (WHC), and two climatic zones were differentiated based on the Huglin index. Effects of soil and climate on berry composition were evaluated using HJ-Biplot statistical analysis. High WHC soils produced musts with high total acidity, mainly due to malic acid. Must K concentrations were lower in soils with lower K and clay content. Soils with lower WHC were the only ones able to produce musts with high anthocyanin concentration and higher colour intensity. The climatic zones established only resulted in small differences in grape composition.Conclusion: It is possible to differentiate berry composition parameters according to soil type considering soil WHC, but less clear differences were observed among climatic zones considering a 50 km2 area and a difference of approximately 200 m in elevation between the two zones.Significance and impact of the study: Many wineries have access to soil, climate and grape composition data. Therefore, these data could be used to make a grape composition classification at harvest that could be assessed every year using simple statistical tools.

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