Characterization of Sodium Alginate Hydrogels Reinforced with Nanoparticles of Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications

In recent years, researchers working in biomedical science and technology have investigated alternatives for enhancing the mechanical properties of biomedical materials. In this work, sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel-reinforced nanoparticles (NPs) of hydroxyapatite (HA) were prepared to enhance the mechanical properties of this polymer. Compression tests showed an increase of 354.54% in ultimate compressive strength (UCS), and 154.36% in Young’s modulus with the addition of these NPs compared with pure SA. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the amount of residual water is not negligible and covered a range from 20 to 35 wt%, and the decomposition degree of the alginate depends on the hydroxyapatite content, possibly due to the displacement of sodium ions by the hydroxyapatite and not by calcium chloride. Further, there is an important effect possibly due to the existence of an interaction of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl of the alginate and the oxygen atoms of the hydroxyapatite, so signals appear upfield in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. An increase in the accumulation of HA particles was observed with the use of X-ray microtomography, in which the quantified volume of particles per reconstructed volume corresponded accordingly to the increase in the mechanical properties of the hydrogel.

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Development and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Al/Ilmenite Nanocomposite

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.704.32 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 704 ◽

pp. 32-38

Author(s):

Lanka Rasidhar ◽

A. Rama Krishna ◽

Ch. Srinivasa Rao ◽

K. Vijaya Lakshmi

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Secondary Phase ◽

Stir Casting ◽

Compression Tests ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

The Matrix ◽

Scanning Electron

In the present investigation, microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocomposites fabricated via stir casting were evaluated. The composites were based on Al (99.7) reinforced with ilmenite nanoparticles. The characterization of the nanoparticles and nanocomposites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) facilities. Microstructure of specimens show that reasonable distribution of FeTiO3 nanoparticles in the matrix, secondary phase FeAl3 observed in the microstructure. Ultimate tensile strength and compression tests were carried out in order to identify the mechanical properties. The hardness of the composites is enhanced with the addition of nanoparticles. The optimum value for ultimate tensile and compression strength are obtained with the addition of 3 % ilmenite nanoparticles. Ductile fracture in tensile fractured samples was observed by fractrography examination.

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Preliminary Study of Alginates Extracted from Brown Algae (Sargassum sp.) Available in Madura Island as Composite Based Hydrogel Materials

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.964.240 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 964 ◽

pp. 240-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amaliya Rasyida ◽

Thalyta Rizkha Pradipta ◽

Sigit Tri Wicaksono ◽

Vania Mitha Pratiwi ◽

Yeny Widya Rakhmawati

Keyword(s):

Sodium Alginate ◽

Brown Algae ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

3D Printer ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

3D Printed ◽

Preliminary Study

Utilization of brown algae especially in Madura, where it’s close to Surabaya, only limited for food. This become a reference for developing and increasing the potential of this algae by extracting one of the ingredients, namely alginate. This paper deals with the characterization of sodium alginate extracted from sargassum sp. using modified-purified calcium routes. The extracted sodium alginate will be further used as composite hydrogel materials and compared with commercial sodium alginate. Hereafter, the synthesized composite is expected to be bio-ink for 3d printer. Chemical composition analysis were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorosense (XRF) followed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to identify the functional group of composite and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, viscosity bath is performed to compare the viscosity of extracted and commercial one. The result shows that modified-purified calcium routes in the extraction process of sodium alginate is desirable for improving their properties. Interestingly enough, with the goal of using it as bio-ink in 3d printed fabrication, the synthesized composite shows viscosity, 300 cSt, which meets the criteria for bio-ink in 3d printer.

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Mechanical Characterization of UV Photopolymerized PMMA with Different Photo-Initiator Concentration

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.903.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 903 ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

M.A. Manjunath ◽

K. Naveen ◽

Prakash Vinod ◽

N. Balashanmugam ◽

M.R. Shankar

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Light Source ◽

Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Mechanical Characterization ◽

Uv Light ◽

Curing Time ◽

Uv Led ◽

Pmma Resin

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is one among few known photo-polymeric resin useful in lithography for fabricating structures having better mechanical properties to meet the requirement in electronics and biomedical applications. This study explores the effect of Photo Initiator (PI) concentration and also curing time on strength and hardness of Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) obtained by UV photopolymerization of Methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer. The UV LED light source operating at the wavelength of 364 nm is used with Benzoin Ethyl Ether (BEE) as photo initiator. The curing of PMMA resin is supported with peltier cooling device placed at the bottom of the UV light source. The characterisation study of UV photo cured PMMA is analysed through nano indenter (Agilent Technologies-G200). The current work investigates the influence of PI concentration and curing time in achieving maximum mechanical properties for UV photopolymerized PMMA.

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Copper Containing Glass-Based Bone Adhesives for Orthopaedic Applications: Glass Characterization and Advanced Mechanical Evaluation

10.1101/2020.11.19.390138 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sahar. Mokhtari ◽

Anthony.W. Wren

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Viscoelastic Behavior ◽

Polymer Chains ◽

Nano Particles ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Compression Data

AbstractThis study addresses issues with currently used bone adhesives, by producing novel glass based skeletal adhesives through modification of the base glass composition to include copper (Cu) and by characterizing each glass with respect to structural changes. Bioactive glasses have found applications in fields such as orthopedics and dentistry, where they have been utilized for the restoration of bone and teeth. The present work outlines the formation of flexible organic-inorganic polyacrylic acid (PAA) – glass hybrids, commercial forms are known as glass ionomer cements (GICs). Initial stages of this research will involve characterization of the Cu-glasses, significant to evaluate the properties of the resulting adhesives. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of annealed Cu glasses indicates the presence of partial crystallization in the glass. The structural analysis of the glass using Raman suggests the formation of CuO nanocrystals on the surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further confirmed the formation of crystalline CuO phases on the surface of the annealed Cu-glass. The setting reaction was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The mechanical properties of the Cu containing adhesives exhibited gel viscoelastic behavior and enhanced mechanical properties when compared to the control composition. Compression data indicated the Cu glass adhesives were efficient at energy dissipation due to the reversible interactions between CuO nano particles and PAA polymer chains.

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Synthesis and Characterization of 3Y-TZP by Gel Solid-State Method

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.412.61 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 412 ◽

pp. 61-64

Author(s):

Xiao Bo Wu ◽

Da Zhi Sun ◽

Dan Yu Jiang ◽

Hai Fang Xu ◽

De Xin Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Solid State ◽

Sintering Behavior ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Solid State Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Powder Particles ◽

State Method ◽

Average Size

3Y-TZP powder has been successfully synthesized by gel solid-state method. The structural phases of powder particles were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and the morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The average size of grains was 230 nm. The sintering behavior, mechanical properties and microstructure of 3Y-TZP ceramics sintered by this powder were investigated. The experiment results showed that the mechanical properties of ceramics were excellent.

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Preparation and characterization of some ruthenium(II) porphyrins containing tertiary phosphine axial ligands, including the crystal structure of (octaethylporphinato)bis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II)

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v84-127 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 755-762 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Sara Ariel ◽

David Dolphin ◽

George Domazetis ◽

Brian R. James ◽

Tak W. Leung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Phosphine Ligands ◽

Tertiary Phosphine ◽

X Ray ◽

Porphyrin Complex ◽

H Nmr ◽

Axial Ligands ◽

Nmr Data ◽

Phosphine Complex

The ruthenium(II) porphyrin complex Ru(OEP)(PPh3)2 (OEP = the dianion of octaethylporphyrin) has been prepared from Ru(OEP)(CO)EtOH, and the X-ray crystal structure determined; as expected, the six-coordinate ruthenium is situated in the porphyrin plane and has two axial phosphine ligands. Synthesized also from the carbonyl(ethanol) precursors were the corresponding tris(p-methoxyphenyl)phosphine complex, and the Ru(TPP)L2 (TPP = the dianion of tetraphenylporphyrin, L = PPh3, P(p-CH3OC6H4)3, P″Bu3) and Ru(TPP)(CO)PPh3 complexes. Optical and 1H nmr data are presented for the complexes in solution. In some cases dissociation of a phosphine ligand to generate five-coordinate species occurs and this has been studied quantitatively in toluene at 20 °C for the Ru(OEP)L2 and Ru(TPP)L2 systems.

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Preparation and Characterization of PVA-Collagen Composite Fibers

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.83 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 236-238 ◽

pp. 83-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xian Hui Sun

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Composite Fibers ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Natural Structure ◽

Uniform Size ◽

X Ray ◽

Rheology Property ◽

Crystallization Degree

The collagen was blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with the maximum maintenance of the natural structure as precondition. The apparent viscosity and rheology property of PVA-collagen blended solution were studied. the mechanical properties of the blend membrane formed from PVA-collagen blended solution were also determined. The PVA-collagen blended solution was wet spinned with the sodium sulfate as coagulant to prepare PVA-collagen composite fibers. SEM analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis of the PVA-collagen composite fibers were studied. The results indicated that, blended with PVA, the spinning property and mechanical properties of collagen were improved. The figure of the aim fiber transect structure was similar as the kidney, and it had a uniform size. The crystallization degree of the fiber was 55.7%, and it was increased with the increase of the hot extending temperature and the extending ratio.

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Spectroscopic and X-Ray Investigation of Cobalt(III) Complexes with 2-Oximinocarboxylic Acids

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B ◽

10.1515/znb-1993-0403 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 409-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Rostislav D. Lampeka ◽

Zamira D. Uzakbergenova ◽

Victor V. Skopenko

Keyword(s):

Electronic Absorption Spectra ◽

Molecular Structures ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Octahedral Structure ◽

Space Group ◽

X Ray ◽

H Nmr ◽

Nmr Data ◽

R Factors

Mixed complexes of Co(III) with 2-oximinopropionic (H2A) or 2-oximino-3-phenylpropionic (H2B) acid and different amine (imidazole, benzimidazole, pyridine, β-picoline, γ-picoline) are reported. Characterization of the complexes was based upon elemental analysis, conductivity and JR, 1H NMR, and electronic absorption spectra, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The organic ligands behave as O,N donors via the carboxyl oxygen and the oxime nitrogen atoms. A trans-octahedral structure has been assigned to the bis(2-oximinocarboxylato)bis(amine)cobalt(III) on the basis of 1H NMR data.The crystal and molecular structures of the complexes trans-[bis(2-oximinopropionato)bis-(imidazole)]- (I) and trans-[bis(2-oximinopropionato)bis(pyridine)]cobalt(III) (II) were determined. I crystallizes in space group P2/n with a = 14.1 67(2), b = 8.774(1), c = 14.785(2) Å,β = 113.37(1)°, Z = 4, Dcalc = 1.568 g · cm-3. II crystallizes in space group P1̄ with a = 9.122(2), b = 10.038(2), c = 11.759(2) Å, α = 69.95(1)°, β = 67.47(2)°, γ = 69.49(2)°, Ζ = 2, Dcalc = 1.547 g cm-3. The structures were refined to unweighted R factors of 0.036 and 0.028, respectively. The coordination sphere around Co is pseudo-octahedral with the 2-oximinopropionato ligands occupying four equatorial positions, and the amines in axial positions.

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Influence of annealing on structural relaxation, crystallization, and deformation behavior of a Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 bulk metallic glass

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.2007.0253 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 1849-1858 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kwang Seok Lee ◽

Jürgen Eckert ◽

Hyun-Joon Jun ◽

Young Won Chang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Metallic Glass ◽

Bulk Metallic Glass ◽

Deformation Behavior ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Supercooled Liquid ◽

Supercooled Liquid Region ◽

Liquid Region ◽

Compression Tests ◽

X Ray

The influence of annealing on the structural changes and the mechanical properties of Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (Vit-1) bulk metallic glass was systematically studied by varying the annealing times at 703 K. The evolution of the structural state at a relatively high temperature within the supercooled liquid region was studied by thermal analysis, x-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, and dilatometric measurements. The deformation behavior and the mechanical properties were also examined by carrying out hardness and compression tests for the specimens annealed for various times.

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Attainment and Characterization of the Thermosetting Polymer Loaded with Barite to be Used in the Manufacture of Isolating Plates to Bar the X-Ray Radiation

Advances in Science and Technology ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.1429 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 1429-1434

Author(s):

Leila Figueiredo de Miranda ◽

Antônio Hortêncio Munhoz Jr. ◽

Terezinha Jocelen Masson ◽

Virgínia Carolina Naime ◽

Gustavo Camargo Costa

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Apparent Density ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Average Density ◽

Radiological Protection ◽

X Ray ◽

Protection Area ◽

Properties Of Composites

The properties of composites based on thermosetting polyester and barite for use in the radiological protection area have been investigated with the objective to study the effect of different variables in the attainment of composites. To verify the efficiency of the composites produced in relation to radiological protection, lead was adopted as reference. A factorial experimental design was carried out and the studied variables were: type of polyester resin (orthophthalic or isophthalic), coupling agent (titanate or organosilane) and the ratio of resin to accelerator, catalyst and barite. The variables analyzed were: efficiency for barring the X-radiation, apparent density and mechanical properties. The effect, obtained from the experimental design, due to ratio of resin to barite in the apparent density was 0.036. The average apparent density of the samples produced with barite/resin value equal 2.0 (weight ratio) was 2.16g/cm3, while the average density of the samples produced with the weight ratio of barite/resin equal 3.0 was 2.2g/cm3. It was observed same trend for the density to mechanical properties. It was observed that the samples attenuated X-ray radiation adequately up to 116 kV.

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