scholarly journals Copper Containing Glass-Based Bone Adhesives for Orthopaedic Applications: Glass Characterization and Advanced Mechanical Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar. Mokhtari ◽  
Anthony.W. Wren
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compression Data

AbstractThis study addresses issues with currently used bone adhesives, by producing novel glass based skeletal adhesives through modification of the base glass composition to include copper (Cu) and by characterizing each glass with respect to structural changes. Bioactive glasses have found applications in fields such as orthopedics and dentistry, where they have been utilized for the restoration of bone and teeth. The present work outlines the formation of flexible organic-inorganic polyacrylic acid (PAA) – glass hybrids, commercial forms are known as glass ionomer cements (GICs). Initial stages of this research will involve characterization of the Cu-glasses, significant to evaluate the properties of the resulting adhesives. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of annealed Cu glasses indicates the presence of partial crystallization in the glass. The structural analysis of the glass using Raman suggests the formation of CuO nanocrystals on the surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further confirmed the formation of crystalline CuO phases on the surface of the annealed Cu-glass. The setting reaction was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The mechanical properties of the Cu containing adhesives exhibited gel viscoelastic behavior and enhanced mechanical properties when compared to the control composition. Compression data indicated the Cu glass adhesives were efficient at energy dissipation due to the reversible interactions between CuO nano particles and PAA polymer chains.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide/Chitosan Composite Aerogels with High Mechanical Performance

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Gong ◽  
Yingchun Yu ◽  
Huixuan Kang ◽  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composite Aerogels ◽  
Mercury Porosimeter ◽  
Chitosan Composite

Chitosan, a semi-crystalline biomolecule, has attracted wide attention due to its high synthesis flexibility. In this study, to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan aerogels (CSAs), graphene oxide (GO) was extracted and introduced into chitosan aerogels as fillers. The porous CSAs/GO composite aerogels were fabricated by an environmentally friendly freeze-drying process with different GO contents (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, wt.%). The characteristics of the CSAs/GO were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical measurements and mercury porosimeter. The crystallinity of samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanism of the effect of graphene oxide on chitosan was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the microstructure of the samples is developed in the network structure. The porosity of CSAs/GO aerogels is as high as 87.6%, and the tensile strength of the films increased from 6.60 MPa to 10.56 MPa with the recombination of graphene oxide. The crystallinity (CrI) of composite aerogels increased from 27% to 81%, which indicates that graphene oxide improves the mechanical properties of chitosan by chemical crosslinking.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Al/NiO Energetic Nanomultilayers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
YiChao Yan ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
HongChuan Jiang ◽  
Jie Xiong ◽  
WanLi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dc Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Boundary Conductance ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

The redox reaction between Al and metallic oxide has its advantage compared with intermetallic reaction and Al/NiO nanomutlilayers are a promising candidate for enhancing the performance of energetic igniter. Al/NiO nanomutlilayers with different modulation periods are prepared on alumina substrate by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering. The thicknesses of each period are 250 nm, 500 nm, 750 nm, 1000 nm, and 1500 nm, respectively, and the total thickness is 3 μm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results of the as-deposited Al/NiO nanomutlilayers show that the NiO films are amorphous and the layered structures are clearly distinguished. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrates that the thickness of Al2O3increases on the side of Al monolayer after annealing at 450°C. The thermal diffusion time becomes greater significantly as the amount of thermal boundary conductance across the interfaces increases with relatively smaller modulation period. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) curve suggests that the energy release per unit mass is below the theoretical heat of the reaction due to the nonstoichiometric ratio between Al and NiO and the presence of impurities.

Preparation and Characterization of γ-Fe2O3-ZnFe2O4 Composite Nanoparticles

2013 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Long Long Chen ◽  
Jun Ming Li ◽  
Xiao Min Gong ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Composite Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ferrite Core ◽  
Phase Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Chemically Induced

Using a chemically induced transition in an FeCl2 solution, γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles can be prepared from an amorphous precursor composed of FeOOH and Mg (OH)2. Surface modification by adding ZnCl2 during liquid-phase synthesis was attempted. The magnetization, morphology, crystal structure, and chemical species of as-prepared samples were characterized by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The experimental results showed that the surface of the γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles can be modified by adding ZnCl2 to form composite nanoparticles with a γ-Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4 ferrite core coated with Zn (OH)2 and absorbed FeCl36H2O; this modification can be enhanced by additional NaOH.

Synthesis and characterization of homogeneous lead-substituted tin oxide with the (110) face of rutile structure

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2076-2079
Author(s):  
Chika Nozaki ◽  
Takashi Yamada ◽  
Kenji Tabata ◽  
Eiji Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rutile Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Synthesis of a rutile-type lead-substituted tin oxide with (110) face was investigated. The characterization was performed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area measurements. The homogeneous rutile-type lead-substituted tin oxide was obtained until 4.1 mol% of tin was substituted with lead. The surface of obtained oxide had a homogeneously lead-substituted (110) face.

Characterization of electrospun polylactide nanofibers modified via atom transfer radical polymerization

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372093038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mushtaq ◽  
Rahim Jindani ◽  
Amjad Farooq ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Hina Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Surface Grafting ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polymerization Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polylactic acid-based membranes received considerable attention due to its novel biocompatibility, renewability, and biodegradability. In this study, PLA electrospun nanofibrous membrane was prepared and 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was used as a monomer for surface grafting of polymer chains via the atom transfer radical polymerization method. Then the PLA nanofibers were quaternized by using bromoethane. The characterization of poly(DMAEMA) graft PLA nanofiber (poly(DMAEMA)-g-PLA) membranes was done by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results showed that the diameter of PLA nanofibers increased 15% as the concentration increased from 10% to 12% and then increased 23% as the concentration of PLA solution increased from 10% to 15%. But the regularity of average diameters is best achieved at 12% concentration.

Characterization of Fe–Ni(C) nanocapsules synthesized by arc discharge in methane

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1782-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. Dong ◽  
Z. D. Zhang ◽  
S. R. Jin ◽  
W. M. Sun ◽  
X. G. Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Magnetization Measurement ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Energy Disperse Spectroscopy

Ultrafine Fe–Ni(C) particles of various compositions were prepared by arc discharge synthesis in a methane atmosphere. The particles were characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy disperse spectroscopy, chemical analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and magnetization measurement. The carbon atoms solubilizing at interstitial sites in γ–(Fe, Ni, C) solution particles have the effects of forming austenite structure and changing microstructures as well as magnetic properties. A carbon layer covers the surface of Fe–Ni(C) particles to form the nanocapsules and protect them from oxidization. The mechanism of forming Fe–Ni(C) nanocapsules in the methane atmosphere was analyzed.

Preparation, Characterization of Nonmetal Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles with their Excellent Photocatalystic Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 2254-2257
Author(s):  
Ying Wei Wang ◽  
Yu Fei Li ◽  
Pei Han Yang
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Titania Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
One Step ◽  
Doped Titania ◽  
Nonmetal Doping

Nonmetal (S, P) doped titania nanoparticles were synthesized by a one step hydrothermal method. These samples were calcined with different temperature, the sample exist in anatase phase has much higher photocatalytic activity for methylene blue (MB) degradation. The visible response and the higher UV activity of the different nonmetal doped TiO2make it possible to utilize solar energy efficiently to execute photocatalysis processes. The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. It can conclude the nonmetal doping TiO2proves to be more suitable to improve the photocatalytic performance.

scholarly journals Structure-Dependent Mechanical Properties of ALD-Grown Nanocrystalline BiFeO3Multiferroics

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Majtyka ◽  
Anna Nowak ◽  
Benoît Marchand ◽  
Dariusz Chrobak ◽  
Mikko Ritala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Pertinent Information

The present paper pertains to mechanical properties and structure of nanocrystalline multiferroic BeFiO3(BFO) thin films, grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on the Si/SiO2/Pt substrate. The usage of sharp-tip-nanoindentation and multiple techniques of structure examination, namely, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, enabled us to detect changes in elastic properties(95 GPa≤E≤118 GPa)and hardness(4.50 GPa≤H≤7.96 GPa)of BFO after stages of annealing and observe their relation to the material’s structural evolution. Our experiments point towards an increase in structural homogeneity of the samples annealed for a longer time. To our best knowledge, the present report constitutes the first disclosure of nanoindentation mechanical characteristics of ALD-fabricated BeFiO3, providing a new insight into the phenomena that accompany structure formation and development of nanocrystalline multiferroics. We believe that our systematic characterization of the BFO layers carried out at consecutive stages of their deposition provides pertinent information which is needed to control and optimize its ALD fabrication.

Synthesis and Characterization of 3Y-TZP by Gel Solid-State Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Xiao Bo Wu ◽  
Da Zhi Sun ◽  
Dan Yu Jiang ◽  
Hai Fang Xu ◽  
De Xin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
State Method ◽  
Average Size

3Y-TZP powder has been successfully synthesized by gel solid-state method. The structural phases of powder particles were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and the morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The average size of grains was 230 nm. The sintering behavior, mechanical properties and microstructure of 3Y-TZP ceramics sintered by this powder were investigated. The experiment results showed that the mechanical properties of ceramics were excellent.

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