scholarly journals Multi-Biometric System Based on Cutting-Edge Equipment for Experimental Contactless Verification

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Kolda ◽  
Ondrej Krejcar ◽  
Ali Selamat ◽  
Kamil Kuca ◽  
Oluwaseun Fadeyi
Keyword(s):  
Hamming Distance ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Biometric Verification ◽  
Verification Methods ◽  
Theoretical Evidence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Modified Hausdorff Distance ◽  
Individual Metrics

Biometric verification methods have gained significant popularity in recent times, which has brought about their extensive usage. In light of theoretical evidence surrounding the development of biometric verification, we proposed an experimental multi-biometric system for laboratory testing. First, the proposed system was designed such that it was able to identify and verify a user through the hand contour, and blood flow (blood stream) at the upper part of the hand. Next, we detailed the hard and software solutions for the system. A total of 40 subjects agreed to be a part of data generation team, which produced 280 hand images. The core of this paper lies in evaluating individual metrics, which are functions of frequency comparison of the double type faults with the EER (Equal Error Rate) values. The lowest value was measured for the case of the modified Hausdorff distance metric - Maximally Helicity Violating (MHV). Furthermore, for the verified biometric characteristics (Hamming distance and MHV), appropriate and suitable metrics have been proposed and experimented to optimize system precision. Thus, the EER value for the designed multi-biometric system in the context of this work was found to be 5%, which proves that metrics consolidation increases the precision of the multi-biometric system. Algorithms used for the proposed multi-biometric device shows that the individual metrics exhibit significant accuracy but perform better on consolidation, with a few shortcomings.

Multimodal of Ear and Face Biometric Recognition Using AARK Threshold segmentation and Classifier with Score level fusion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANTHAM BHARATHY ALAGARSAMY ◽  
Kalpana Murugan
Keyword(s):  
Projection Data ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Biometric Recognition ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Score Level Fusion ◽  
Multimodal Biometric System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Scores ◽  
Face Biometrics ◽  
Level Fusion

Abstract More than one biometric methodology of an individual is utilized by a multimodal biometric system to moderate a portion of the impediments of a unimodal biometric system and upgrade its precision, security, and so forth. In this paper, an incorporated multimodal biometric system has proposed for the identification of people utilizing ear and face as input and pre-preparing, ring projection, data standardization, AARK limit division, extraction of DWT highlights and classifiers are utilized. Afterward, singular matches gathered from the different modalities produce the individual scores. The proposed framework indicated got brings about the investigations than singular ear and face biometrics tried. To certify the individual as genuine or an impostor, the eventual outcomes are then utilized. On the IIT Delhi ear information base and ORL face data set, the proposed framework has checked and indicated an individual exactness of 96.24%

Biometrics for Forensic Identification in Web Applications and Social Platforms Using Deep Learning

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-113
Author(s):  
Shefali Arora ◽  
M. P. S. Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Web Security ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Biometric Technology ◽  
Biometric Verification ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Access To Data

Biometric authentication is being increasingly used in various applications to identify people using various traits. This can be of use in various applications like forensics, passport control, etc. In the rapidly growing era of internet, it is necessary to restrict access to data on the web. Security and customer usage are some of the essential parameters which should be taken care of in a web biometric system. Also, biometric technology has been implemented on social media platforms so as to save users from cyber-attacks and breach of privacy. This chapter provides an overview of how a web biometric system works, with an approach to use deep learning algorithms to identify traits like face, iris, and fingerprints. Such techniques can also be used to authenticate people in e-commerce applications. Further, the authors discuss the implementation of biometric verification techniques on social networking platforms like Facebook, Twitter, etc.

scholarly journals Ideal point error for model assessment in data-driven river flow forecasting

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 3049-3060 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Dawson ◽  
N. J. Mount ◽  
R. J. Abrahart ◽  
A. Y. Shamseldin
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Ideal Point ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
River Flow Forecasting ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Measure Of Performance ◽  
Individual Metrics ◽  
Naive Model ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract. When analysing the performance of hydrological models in river forecasting, researchers use a number of diverse statistics. Although some statistics appear to be used more regularly in such analyses than others, there is a distinct lack of consistency in evaluation, making studies undertaken by different authors or performed at different locations difficult to compare in a meaningful manner. Moreover, even within individual reported case studies, substantial contradictions are found to occur between one measure of performance and another. In this paper we examine the ideal point error (IPE) metric – a recently introduced measure of model performance that integrates a number of recognised metrics in a logical way. Having a single, integrated measure of performance is appealing as it should permit more straightforward model inter-comparisons. However, this is reliant on a transferrable standardisation of the individual metrics that are combined to form the IPE. This paper examines one potential option for standardisation: the use of naive model benchmarking.

scholarly journals Application of the Composite Method to the Spatial Forecast Verification Methods Intercomparison Dataset

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1390-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason E. Nachamkin
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Forecast Verification ◽  
Composite Method ◽  
Condensed Form ◽  
Verification Methods ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Model Precipitation

Abstract The composite method is applied to verify a series of idealized and real precipitation forecasts as part of the Spatial Forecast Verification Methods Intercomparison Project. The test cases range from simple geometric shapes to high-resolution (∼4 km) numerical model precipitation output. The performance of the composite method is described as it is applied to each set of forecasts. In general, the method performed well because it was able to relay information concerning spatial displacement and areal coverage errors. Summary scores derived from the composite means and the individual events displayed relevant information in a condensed form. The composite method also showed an ability to discern performance attributes from high-resolution precipitation forecasts from several competing model configurations, though the results were somewhat limited by the lack of data. Overall, the composite method proved to be most sensitive in revealing systematic displacement errors, while it was less sensitive to systematic model biases.

The Pathological Anatomy and Pathology of Epilepsy

1907 ◽  
Vol 53 (220) ◽  
pp. 1-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Turner
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Microscopical Examination ◽  
Pathological Anatomy ◽  
Short Account ◽  
Abnormal State ◽  
Grand Mal ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
The Individual

The following pages contain an account of the microscopical examination of the central nervous systems of forty-one cases of idiopathic epilepsy, which form the data on which I base my thesis that epilepsy is a disease occurring in persons with a defect of the nervous system either congenital or involutional, and in whom also there is an abnormal state of the blood, characterised by a special tendency to intravascular clotting, and that the fits, whether of the nature of grand mal or petitmal,owe their exciting cause to sudden stasis of the blood stream in some (generally limited) portion of the cortex, resulting from the blocking of cerebral cortical vessels by these aforementioned intravascular clots. I have already in a paper read at the pathological meeting of the Neurological Society in December, 1905, and published in the British Medical Journal March 3rd, 1906, given a short account of my views, but it was impossible in the limit of time at my disposal when reading the paper to deal in any but a very cursory way with many interesting aspects of the question, nor could I then give sufficient details of the microscopical examination of the individual cases.

Antihistamines

1976 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 686-691
Author(s):  
Anthony S. Krausen
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Allergic Patient ◽  
Disodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Theoretical Evidence ◽  
The Individual

Antihistamines may be used to maximum benefit for the allergic patient if the physician adheres to four guidelines. These guidelines are based upon 1) an appreciation of certain structural and pharmacologic differences among antihistamines, and 2) an understanding of their mechanism of action. Around the clock administration is advisable, the dosage should be titrated for the individual patient, substitutions to another antihistamine should be to a different class of antihistamine, and the efficacy of any single antihistamine usually will diminish with prolonged use, either on the basis of true tolerance or because of psychic factors. There is good theoretical evidence why α-adrenergic sympathomimetics, employed as decongestants in combination with antihistamines, should not be given to allergic patients. Two newer drugs, disodium cromoglycate and beclomethasone, may provide symptomatic relief for allergic rhinitis patients. They may benefit the patient who does not obtain full symptomatic relief from antihistamines.

scholarly journals Optimisation of a composite difference metric for prompt error detection in real-time portal dosimetry of simulated volumetric modulated arc therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (1120) ◽  
pp. 20201014
Author(s):  
James L Bedford ◽  
Ian M Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Error Detection ◽  
Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy ◽  
Portal Dosimetry ◽  
Arc Therapy ◽  
Aperture Opening ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Portal Images ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Metrics

Objectives: In real-time portal dosimetry, thresholds are set for several measures of difference between predicted and measured images, and signals larger than those thresholds signify an error. The aim of this work is to investigate the use of an additional composite difference metric (CDM) for earlier detection of errors. Methods: Portal images were predicted for the volumetric modulated arc therapy plans of six prostate patients. Errors in monitor units, aperture opening, aperture position and path length were deliberately introduced into all 180 segments of the treatment plans, and these plans were delivered to a water-equivalent phantom. Four different metrics, consisting of central axis signal, mean image value and two image difference measures, were used to identify errors, and a CDM was added, consisting of a weighted power sum of the individual metrics. To optimise the weights of the CDM and to evaluate the resulting timeliness of error detection, a leave-pair-out strategy was used. For each combination of four patients, the weights of the CDM were determined by an exhaustive search, and the result was evaluated on the remaining two patients. Results: The median segment index at which the errors were identified was 87 (range 40–130) when using all of the individual metrics separately. Using a CDM as well as multiple separate metrics reduced this to 73 (35–95). The median weighting factors of the four metrics constituting the composite were (0.15, 0.10, 0.15, 0.00). Due to selection of suitable threshold levels, there was only one false positive result in the six patients. Conclusion: This study shows that, in conjunction with appropriate error thresholds, use of a CDM is able to identify increased image differences around 20% earlier than the separate measures. Advances in knowledge: This study shows the value of combining difference metrics to allow earlier detection of errors during real-time portal dosimetry for volumetric modulated arc therapy treatment.

scholarly journals A Review of Iris Recognition Algorithms

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4-2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Aminu Ghali ◽  
Sapiee Jamel ◽  
Kamaruddin Malik Mohamad ◽  
Nasir Abubakar Yakub ◽  
Mustafa Mat Deris
Keyword(s):  
Iris Recognition ◽  
Hamming Distance ◽  
Gabor Filter ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Rubber Sheet ◽  
Automated Teller Machines ◽  
Recognition Algorithms

With the prominent needs for security and reliable mode of identification in biometric system. Iris recognition has become reliable method for personal identification nowadays. The system has been used for years in many commercial and government applications that allow access control in places such as office, laboratory, armoury, automated teller machines (ATMs), and border control in airport. The aim of the paper is to review iris recognition algorithms. Iris recognition system consists of four main stages which are segmentation, normalization, feature extraction and matching. Based on the findings, the Hough transform, rubber sheet model, wavelet, Gabor filter, and hamming distance are the most common used algorithms in iris recognition stages.  This shows that, the algorithms have the potential and capability to enhanced iris recognition system. 

scholarly journals An inferentialist account of students’ collaboration in mathematics education

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Seidouvy ◽  
Maike Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Group Work ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Philosophical Theory ◽  
School Class ◽  
Student Collaboration ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Collaboration is an increasingly popular topic in mathematics education due to its potential to foster students’ learning. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the semantic philosophical theory of inferentialism and its value for investigating students’ collaboration. We suggest that Brandom’s inferentialism can serve as a valuable theoretical resource to overcome certain issues of existing theoretical viewpoints on student collaboration. In particular, we argue that inferentialism may help to understand the individual and social nature of collaboration as intertwined. We illustrate our inferentialist approach using data from two scenes taken from video-recorded group work sessions from a fifth and seventh grade primary school class in Sweden. The topic in both classes was data generation in statistics.

A Review on Biometric Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Kartik Choudhary ◽  
Rizwan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Iris Recognition ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Biometric Technology ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Recognition Technique ◽  
Better Than

Biometric Technology has turned out to be a popular area of research in computer vision and one of the most successful applications for identifying humans by capturing and analysing the sole feature or characteristic of   individual which is possessed by them and involves their Physical and Behavioral characteristics. For the individual validation and authentication the biometric system has this responsibility. Biometric Technology started from the fingerprints recognition and later on improvements were done in it to make it more secure which involves the face recognition and iris Recognition. Almost both of them are available and regarded as the accurate and reliable technology for biometric validation system. This review paper is all about Face recognition techniques in biometric locking system and Iris recognition technique of identification and the ways of making locking systems ways more efficient, full of ease, more secure, and far better than before so as to make locking or security stronger. It discusses about face recognition technique, its working and its application in different sector along with iris recognition, its working, its application.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document