scholarly journals Induced Magnetic Field-Based Indoor Positioning System for Underwater Environments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2218
Author(s):  
Sizhen Bian ◽  
Peter Hevesi ◽  
Leif Christensen ◽  
Paul Lukowicz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Propagation Delay ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Underwater Positioning ◽  
Similar Accuracy

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) are seen as an emerging technology for maritime exploration but are still restricted by the availability of short range, accurate positioning methods necessary, e.g., when docking remote assets. Typical techniques used for high-accuracy positioning in indoor use case scenarios, such as systems using ultra-wide band radio signals (UWB), cannot be applied for underwater positioning because of the quick absorption of the positioning medium caused by the water. Acoustic and optic solutions for underwater positioning also face known problems, such as the multi-path effects, high propagation delay (acoustics), and environmental dependency. This paper presents an oscillating magnetic field-based indoor and underwater positioning system. Unlike those radio wave-based positioning modalities, the magnetic approach generates a bubble-formed magnetic field that will not be deformed by the environmental variation because of the very similar permeability of water and air. The proposed system achieves an underwater positioning mean accuracy of 13.3 cm in 2D and 19.0 cm in 3D with the multi-lateration positioning method and concludes the potential of the magnetic field-based positioning technique for underwater applications. A similar accuracy was also achieved for various indoor environments that were used to test the influence of cluttered environment and of cross environment. The low cost and power consumption system is scalable for extensive coverage area and could plug-and-play without pre-calibration.

scholarly journals Indoor Localization System Using Wireless Sensor Network

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Localization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
Indoor Positioning System ◽  
Better Than

Building a precise low cost indoor positioning and navigation wireless system is a challenging task. The accuracy and cost should be taken together into account. Especially, when we need a system to be built in a harsh environment. In recent years, several researches have been implemented to build different indoor positioning system (IPS) types for human movement using wireless commercial sensors. The aim of this paper is to prove that it is not always the case that having a larger number of anchor nodes will increase the accuracy. Two and three anchor nodes of ultra-wide band with or without the commercial devices (DW 1000) could be implemented in this work to find the Localization of objects in different indoor positioning system, for which the results showed that sometimes three anchor nodes are better than two and vice versa. It depends on how to install the anchor nodes in an appropriate scenario that may allow utilizing a smaller number of anchors while maintaining the required accuracy and cost.

scholarly journals PEOPLE’S PPRESENCE EFFECT ON WLAN-BASED IPS’ ACCURACY

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyad H Alshami ◽  
Noor Azurati Ahmad ◽  
Shamsul Sahibuddin
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Indoor Positioning System ◽  
Closed Environment ◽  
Presence Of People

In order to enable Location Based Service (LBS) closed environment, many technologies have been investigated to replace the Global Positioning System (GPS) in the localization process in indoor environments. WLAN is considered as the most suitable and powerful technology for Indoor Positioning System (IPS) due to its widespread coverage and low cost. Although WLAN Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSS) fingerprinting can be considered as the most accurate IPS method, this accuracy can be weakened due to WLAN RSS fluctuation. WLAN RSS fluctuates due to the multipath being influenced by obstacles presence. People presence under WLAN coverage can be considered as one of the main obstacles which can affect the WLAN-IPS accuracy. This research presents experimental results demonstrating that people’s presence between access point (AP) and mobile device (MD) reduces the received signal strength by -2dBm to -5dBm. This reduction in RSS can lead to distance error greater than or equal to 2m. Hence, any accurate IPS must consider the presence of people in the indoor environment. 

scholarly journals No Communication Nodes Synchronization for a Low Power Consumption MAC Protocol in WSN based on IR-UWB

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouar Darif ◽  
Rachid Saadane ◽  
Driss Aboutajdine
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Multipath Fading ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Synchronization Mechanism

Synchronization is an important issue in multi hops Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Such networks are known by their limited resources of energy, storage, computation, and bandwidth. In addition if the networks entities are deployed with high density, it makes the synchronization mandatory for these networks. Impulse Radio Ultra Wide Band (IR-UWB) technology is a promising solution for this kind of networks due to its various advantages such as its robustness to severe multipath fading even in indoor environments, its low cost, low complexity, and low power consumption. To exploit the specific features of this technology, we need a convenient MAC protocol. WideMac was presented as a new low power consumption MAC protocol designed for WSN using IR-UWB transceivers. Because of the luck of synchronization in this protocol, this paper presents a solution for the synchronization problem especially in the case of no communication between the Network’s nodes. To implement and evaluate the proposed synchronization mechanism, we used MiXiM platform under OMNet++ Simulator.

scholarly journals Characterization of an Ultrasonic Local Positioning System for 3D Measurements

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaoula Mannay ◽  
Jesús Ureña ◽  
Álvaro Hernández ◽  
Mohsen Machhout ◽  
Taoufik Aguili
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Fusion Algorithm ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Indoor Location ◽  
Local Positioning System

Indoor location and positioning systems (ILPS) are used to locate and track people, as well as mobile and/or connected targets, such as robots or smartphones, not only inside buildings with a lack of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) signals but also in constrained outdoor situations with reduced coverage. Indoor positioning applications and their interest are growing in certain environments, such as commercial centers, airports, hospitals or factories. Several sensory technologies have already been applied to indoor positioning systems, where ultrasounds are a common solution due to its low cost and simplicity. This work proposes a 3D ultrasonic local positioning system (ULPS), based on a set of three asynchronous ultrasonic beacon units, capable of transmitting coded signals independently, and on a 3D mobile receiver prototype. The proposal is based on the aforementioned beacon unit, which consists of five ultrasonic transmitters oriented towards the same coverage area and has already been proven in 2D positioning by applying hyperbolic trilateration. Since there are three beacon units available, the final position is obtained by merging the partial results from each unit, implementing a minimum likelihood estimation (MLE) fusion algorithm. The approach has been characterized, and experimentally verified, trying to maximize the coverage zone, at least for typical sizes in most common public rooms and halls. The proposal has achieved a positioning accuracy below decimeters for 90% of the cases in the zone where the three ultrasonic beacon units are available, whereas these accuracies can degrade above decimeters according to whether the coverage from one or more beacon units is missing. The experimental workspace covers a large volume, where tests have been carried out at points placed in two different horizontal planes.

scholarly journals A Wi-Fi-Based Wireless Indoor Position Sensing System with Multipath Interference Mitigation

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 3983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuo Xie ◽  
Hanjun Jiang ◽  
Xijin Zhao ◽  
Chun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Interference Mitigation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Propagation Delay ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Multipath Interference ◽  
Position Sensing ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Depth Analysis

Wi-Fi-based indoor position sensing solutions have the advantages of easy integration in mobile phones and low cost by using existing Wi-Fi access points. The mainstream methods are commonly based on the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), which suffers from multipath interference in complicated indoor environments. Through the in-depth analysis of the multipath interference, an RSSI-assisted time difference of arrival (TDoA) method is proposed for Wi-Fi-based indoor position sensing in this work. The key idea is to compensate for the multipath interference in the received signals based on the coarse estimation using RSSI and TDoA calculation. A prototype system has been implemented to validate the proposed method. Experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method, especially for handling the multipath interference with small propagation delay difference. Experimental results show that the indoor position sensing system can achieve a 90th percentile error of 0.3 m. The proposed method can also achieve moderate computational complexity and moderate real-time performance compared to other methods.

scholarly journals TOWARDS A FAST, LOW-COST INDOOR MAPPING AND POSITIONING SYSTEM FOR CIVIL PROTECTION AND EMERGENCY TEAMS

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W8 ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Angelats ◽  
J. A. Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Gnss Receivers ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Civil protection and emergency teams work usually under very risky conditions that endanger their lives. One of the factors contributing to such risks is the lack of knowledge about their physical environment, especially when working indoors. Mapping and location indoor and outdoor technologies exist; for outdoors, very good levels of precision and accuracy may be obtained using offthe- shelf equipment; on the other side, and although good solutions for indoor environments are available, these require some extra pre-deployed infrastructure in the area to navigate, which is unacceptable in the case of emergency teams. It may be said, then, that no mature indoor + outdoor integrated solution providing the appropriate precision and accuracy for the purposes of emergency teams exist. In this paper, the assessment of a set of currently available sensors (IMUs, RGB-D cameras, GNSS receivers) and algorithms is presented to show that it is already possible to build such a solution relying on them – providing that appropriate (indoor) lightning and texture conditions exist.

scholarly journals Local positioning system for autonomous vertical take-off and landing using ultra-wide band measurement ranging system

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Niam Tamami ◽  
Bambang Sumantri ◽  
Prima Kristalina
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Local Positioning System ◽  
Outdoor Area ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Uwb Radio

An autonomous vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) must be supported with an accurate positioning system, especially for autonomous take-off, landing, and other tasks in small area. This paper presents a novel method of small local outdoor positioning system for localizing the area of dropping and landing of autonomous VTOL by utilizing the low-cost precision ultra-wide band (UWB) ranging system. We compared symmetrical single sided-two way ranging (SSS-TWR), symmetrical double sided-two way ranging (SDS-TWR), and asymmetrical double sided-two way ranging (ADS-TWR) methods to get precision ranging measurement on UWB radio module. ADS-TWR was superior to others by resulting in minimum distance error. The ADS-TWR average error was 1.38 % (35.88 cm), SDS-TWR average error was 1.83 % (47.58 cm), and SSS-TWR average error was 2.73 % (70.98 cm). Furthermore, the trilateration method was utilized to obtain the local position of the autonomous VTOL. The trilateration method successfully implemented autonomous VTOL quadcopter positioning in a small local outdoor area (20 m x 30 m). Autonomous VTOL has been able to drop seven payloads in seven areas (2 m x 2 m) and landed in the home position (3 m x 3 m) successfully.

Ultra Short Baseline (USBL) Calibration for Positioning of Underwater Objects

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-85
Author(s):  
Bagus Septyanto ◽  
Dian Nurdiana ◽  
Sitti Ahmiatri Saptari
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Short Baseline ◽  
Error Angle ◽  
Satellite Navigation System ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Underwater Positioning ◽  
Radio Signals

In general, surface positioning using a global satellite navigation system (GNSS). Many satellites transmit radio signals to the surface of the earth and it was detected by receiver sensors into a function of position and time. Radio waves really bad when spreading in water. So, the underwater positioning uses acoustic wave. One type of underwater positioning is USBL. USBL is a positioning system based on measuring the distance and angle. Based on distance and angle, the position of the target in cartesian coordinates can be calculated. In practice, the effect of ship movement is one of the factors that determine the accuracy of the USBL system. Ship movements like a pitch, roll, and orientation that are not defined by the receiver could changes the position of the target in X, Y and Z coordinates. USBL calibration is performed to detect an error angle. USBL calibration is done by two methods. In USBL calibration Single Position obtained orientation correction value is 1.13 ̊ and a scale factor is 0.99025. For USBL Quadrant calibration, pitch correction values is -1.05, Roll -0.02 ̊, Orientation 6.82 ̊ and scale factor 0.9934 are obtained. The quadrant calibration results deccrease the level of error position to 0.276 - 0.289m at a depth of 89m and 0.432m - 0.644m at a depth of 76m

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