Characterisation of SiPM Photon Emission in the Dark

In this paper, we report on the photon emission of Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) from avalanche pulses generated in dark conditions, with the main objective of better understanding the associated systematics for next-generation, large area, SiPM-based physics experiments. A new apparatus for spectral and imaging analysis was developed at TRIUMF and used to measure the light emitted by the two SiPMs considered as photo-sensor candidates for the nEXO neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment: one Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) VUV-HD Low Field (LF) Low After Pulse (Low AP) (VUV-HD3) SiPM and one Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (HPK) VUV4 Multi-Pixel Photon Counter (MPPC). Spectral measurements of their light emissions were taken with varying over-voltage in the wavelength range of 450–1020 nm. For the FBK VUV-HD3, at an over-voltage of 12.1±1.0 V, we measured a secondary photon yield (number of photons (γ) emitted per charge carrier (e−)) of (4.04±0.02)×10−6γ/e−. The emission spectrum of the FBK VUV-HD3 contains an interference pattern consistent with thin-film interference. Additionally, emission microscopy images (EMMIs) of the FBK VUV-HD3 show a small number of highly localized regions with increased light intensity (hotspots) randomly distributed over the SiPM surface area. For the HPK VUV4 MPPC, at an over-voltage of 10.7±1.0 V, we measured a secondary photon yield of (8.71±0.04)×10−6γ/e−. In contrast to the FBK VUV-HD3, the emission spectra of the HPK VUV4 did not show an interference pattern—likely due to a thinner surface coating. The EMMIs of the HPK VUV4 also revealed a larger number of hotspots compared to the FBK VUV-HD3, especially in one of the corners of the device. The photon yield reported in this paper may be limited if compared with the one reported in previous studies due to the measurement wavelength range, which is only up to 1020 nm.

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Design and performance evaluation of a compact, large-area PET detector module based on silicon photomultipliers

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment ◽

10.1016/j.nima.2011.12.064 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 670 ◽

pp. 49-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Yingjie Wang ◽

Zhiming Zhang ◽

Daowu Li ◽

Baoyi Wang ◽

Lei Shuai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Performance Evaluation ◽

Large Area ◽

Silicon Photomultipliers ◽

Detector Module ◽

And Performance

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Meticulous system calibration as a key for extracting correct photon emission spectra

10.1109/ipfa53173.2021.9617231 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Norbert Herfurth ◽

Christian Boit

Keyword(s):

Photon Emission ◽

Emission Spectra ◽

System Calibration

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Development of large area Silicon Photomultipliers arrays for γ-ray spectroscopy applications

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment ◽

10.1016/j.nima.2019.163263 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 953 ◽

pp. 163263

Author(s):

C. Mihai ◽

G. Pascovici ◽

G. Ciocan ◽

C. Costache ◽

V. Karayonchev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Area ◽

Silicon Photomultipliers ◽

Γ Ray

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Emission Spectroscopy of OH Radical in Water-Argon Arc Plasma Jet

Journal of Spectroscopy ◽

10.1155/2014/952138 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alan Mašláni ◽

Viktor Sember

Keyword(s):

Central Region ◽

Emission Spectroscopy ◽

Plasma Torch ◽

Emission Spectra ◽

Plasma Jet ◽

Line Of Sight ◽

Thermal Processes ◽

Oh Radical ◽

Arc Plasma ◽

Large Area

Emission spectra of OH radical are studied in the plasma jet generated by a plasma torch with hybrid water-argon stabilization. Plasma jet is located in a chamber with pressures 4 kPa and 10 kPa. In spite of high temperatures of produced plasma, OH spectra are observed in a large area of the jet. OH spectra are used to obtain rotational temperatures from the Boltzmann plots of resolved rotational lines. Due to line-of-sight integration of radiation, interpretation of the temperatures is not straightforward. It seems that excited OH molecules can be formed by various mechanisms, mainly in the outer parts of the jet, where thermal processes are not as dominant as in the hot central region.

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A comparative study on chemiluminescence propperties of some inorganic systems

International Journal of Photoenergy ◽

10.1155/s1110662x03000382 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 239-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marian Elbanowski ◽

Krzysztof Staninski ◽

Malgorzata Kaczmarek ◽

Stefan Lis

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Propylene Carbonate ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Emission Spectra ◽

Oxidation Degree ◽

Reaction Systems ◽

Inorganic Systems ◽

Spectral Characterisation ◽

Kinetics Of

Chemiluminescence (CL) of selected inorganic reaction systems, generating ultraweak photon emission, has been studied. The kinetics of the systems and their emission spectra have been characterised by measurements with the use of the stationary and the flow methods of CL recording. The systems studied contained cations at different oxidation degree such asFe2+\3+,Cu+\2+,Co2+\3+,Eu2+\3+,CLO−anions and hydrogen peroxide without organic sensitisers. On the basis of the analysis of the spectra, in particular systems emitters have been identified and mechanisms of the reactions have been proposed. The effect of carbonate and azide ions and propylene carbonate on the yield of CL and spectral characterisation of the systems studied has been evidenced and discussed. A possibility of the application of the systemsEu3+\N3−\H2O2andCo2+\propylene carbonate\H2O2for analytical purposes has been considered.

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New Radionuclides and Technological Advances in SPECT and PET Scanners

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13246183 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 6183

Author(s):

Nicholas P. van der Meulen ◽

Klaus Strobel ◽

Thiago Viana Miranda Lima

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Medicine ◽

Single Photon ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Emission Computed Tomography ◽

Silicon Photomultipliers ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Total Body ◽

Rubidium 82

Developments throughout the history of nuclear medicine have involved improvements in both instrumentation and radionuclides, which have been intertwined. Instrumentation developments always occurred during the search to improving devices’ sensitivity and included advances in detector technology (with the introduction of cadmium zinc telluride and digital Positron Emission Tomography—PET-devices with silicon photomultipliers), design (total body PET) and configuration (ring-shaped, Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), Compton camera). In the field of radionuclide development, we observed the continual changing of clinically used radionuclides, which is sometimes influenced by instrumentation technology but also driven by availability, patient safety and clinical questions. Some areas, such as tumour imaging, have faced challenges when changing radionuclides based on availability, when this produced undesirable clinical findings with the introduction of unclear focal uptakes and unspecific uptakes. On the other end of spectrum, further developments of PET technology have seen a resurgence in its use in nuclear cardiology, with rubidium-82 from strontium-82/rubidium-82 generators being the radionuclide of choice, moving away from SPECT nuclides thallium-201 and technetium-99m. These continuing improvements in both instrumentation and radionuclide development have helped the growth of nuclear medicine and its importance in the ever-evolving range of patient care options.

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Study on Tl-204 simultaneous electron and photon emission spectra and their interaction with gold absorbers. Experimental results and Monte Carlo simulations

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment ◽

10.1016/j.nima.2019.03.006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 927 ◽

pp. 435-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amalia Williart ◽

Antonio Muñoz ◽

Daria Boscolo ◽

Emanuele Scifoni ◽

Michael Krämer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Monte Carlo Simulations ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Emission Spectra ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Electron And Photon

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Next-Generation Optical Probing Tools for Design Debug of High Speed Integrated Circuits

ISTFA 2002: Conference Proceedings from the 28th International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis ◽

10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2002p0753 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

William Lo ◽

Kenneth Wilsher ◽

Richard Malinsky ◽

Nina Boiadjieva ◽

Chun-Cheng Tsao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Integrated Circuits ◽

High Speed ◽

Detection Efficiency ◽

Single Photon ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Next Generation ◽

Large Area ◽

Single Photon Detector ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Optical Probing

Abstract Time-resolved photon emission (TRPE) results, obtained using a new superconducting, single-photon detector (SSPD) are reported. Detection efficiency (DE) for large area detectors has recently been improved by >100x without affecting SSPDs inherently low jitter (≈30 ps) and low dark-count rate (<30 s-1). TRPE measurements taken from a 0.13 μm geometry CMOS IC are presented. A single laser, time-differential probing scheme that is being investigated for next-generation laser voltage probing (LVP) is also discussed. This new scheme is designed to have shot-noise-limited performance, allowing signals as small as 100 parts-per-million (ppm) to be reliably measured.

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