scholarly journals Influences on the Implementation of Community Urban Agriculture: Insights from Agricultural Professionals

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Tiraieyari ◽  
Roya Karami ◽  
Robert Ricard ◽  
Mohammad Badsar
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Agricultural Professionals

Limited studies have investigated the relative influence of both external and internal factors in the implementation of community-based urban agriculture (UA) (ICUA). Furthermore, little research exists explaining how different mechanisms might influence urban residents’ decision to participate in UA. Our research tested the direct effect of several predictors on ICUA using structural equational modelling. In addition, we tested the mediation effect between the predictors and the ICUA that may exist as well. Results are based on data from 200 agricultural professionals in the Zanjan province in northwest Iran. We found that “personal characteristics”, “UA positive and negative consequences”, “sociocultural”, and “economic” factors affect ICUA. Among all factors, “personal characteristics” had the strongest direct effect on ICUA. The indirect model incorporating “attitude” provided support for the mediation model. We found “personal characteristics”, “UA positive and negative consequences”, and “sociocultural” influenced ICUA indirectly through “attitude.” Among all factors, “sociocultural” had the strongest indirect effect on ICUA. This information is of use to policy-makers and program planners in identifying points of policy interventions and mechanisms for promoting UA.

scholarly journals How Discrimination Against Ethnic and Religious Minorities Contributes to the Underutilization of Immigrants’ Skills

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria M. Esses ◽  
Caroline Bennett-AbuAyyash ◽  
Natalia Lapshina
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Considerable Concern

The underutilization of immigrants’ skills, particularly the skills of ethnic and religious minorities, is of considerable concern to policy makers because of its economic and social costs. Recent research suggests that discrimination may be contributing to this well-documented unemployment and underemployment of skilled minority immigrants. In particular, the ambiguity of immigrants’ foreign-acquired skills and personal characteristics may provide a cover for the expression of bias toward immigrants who are religious and ethnic minorities. Experiments controlling for all other variables show that discrimination may influence both the hiring of minority immigrants and reactions to claims of employment discrimination by minority immigrants. Also, factors that reduce the ambiguity of minority immigrants’ credentials and factors that suppress the expression of bias reduce these effects. These findings point to policy interventions that have the potential to improve the labor-market outcomes of skilled immigrants and contribute to host nations’ economic and social outlooks. Interventions should focus not only on skilled minority immigrants and reducing the ambiguity of their credentials and skills but also on members of the host society and their motivation to control prejudiced reactions to minorities.

scholarly journals FACTORS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF EUROPEAN INNOVATION PARTNERSHIP IN AGRICULTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-231
Author(s):  
Antanas Maziliauskas ◽  
Jurgita Baranauskienė ◽  
Rasa Pakeltienė
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Force Field Analysis ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Operational Group

The European Innovation Partnership (EIP) is considered to be a new phenomenon signalling political will, highly relevant issue in contemporary domain of discussions among practitioners and researchers. While practitioners lack experience, researchers make attempts to identify the factors that influence effectiveness of an innovation partnership, explore the indicators and techniques to determine and evaluate its effectiveness. Aim of the study presented in the article is to determine the external and internal factors that influence effectiveness of the European Innovation Partnership by analysing the operating conditions of an operational group of the European Innovation Partnership in Agriculture (EIP-AGRI). Expert evaluation was carried out by experts who have scientific and practical experience: scientists, policy makers, innovators, developing an innovation partnership. The force field analysis has shown that the number of negative factors of EIP effectiveness exceeds the number of positive factors, and the factors analysed and evaluated allow to identify potential negative consequences in a timely manner and provide the opportunity to predict effectiveness of the EIP-based projects.

The Impact of Economic Crisis on Tourism Industry: A Bangladesh Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Sustained Recovery ◽  
The Impact

The tourism sector is experiencing numerous challenges as a result of the global economic crisis. After a significant contraction in 2009, tourism rebounded strongly  in  2010  and  in  2011  the  international  tourist  arrivals  and  receipts  are projected to increase substantially. The Tourism industry is expected to show a sustained recovery in 2012. The crisis has particularly strong impact and slightly negative consequences in Bangladesh. The country is undergoing a political crisis, as well, and it seems that the forthcoming elections may be the only solution for the restoration of stability and social peace.  In addition, tourism can be the driving force behind Bangladesh economic recovery. However, for its achievement the country’s policy makers should take several measures towards restructuring and improving the sector. These measures include: enhancement of alternative forms of tourism; environmental protection; creation of quality infrastructure; and boost of competitiveness through a tourism product that offers value for money

The Impact Of Economic Crisis On Tourism Industry: A Bangladesh Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Md. Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Sustained Recovery ◽  
The Impact

The tourism sector is experiencing numerous challenges as a result of the global economic crisis. After a significant contraction in 2009, tourism rebounded strongly  in  2010  and  in  2011  the  international  tourist  arrivals  and  receipts  are projected to increase substantially. The Tourism industry is expected to show a sustained recovery in 2012. The crisis has particularly strong impact and slightly negative consequences in Bangladesh. The country is undergoing a political crisis, as well, and it seems that the forthcoming elections may be the only solution for the restoration of stability and social peace.  In addition, tourism can be the driving force behind Bangladesh economic recovery. However, for its achievement the country’s policy makers should take several measures towards restructuring and improving the sector. These measures include: enhancement of alternative forms of tourism; environmental protection; creation of quality infrastructure; and boost of competitiveness through a tourism product that offers value for money

scholarly journals Influence of Self-Esteem of Middle School Students for Mental Care on Academic Achievement: Based on the Mediation Effect of GRIT and Academic Enthusiasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7025
Author(s):  
Jhong Yun (Joy) Kim ◽  
EunBee Kim ◽  
InSu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mental Care

The purpose of this study is to identify how self-esteem of middle school students for mental care influences their academic achievement and to verify the mediation effect of GRIT on academic enthusiasm. Data of 2590 first graders in middle school from the Kora Children and Youth Panel Survey 2019 was used to support this study. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS21.0, AMOS22.0, and PROCESS macro program. The results are as follows. Comparison of the model fits of each full mediation model and partial mediation model with χ2 showed that the full mediation model was more suitable for this study. In more detail, the influence of self-esteem on GRIT and the influence of GRIT on academic enthusiasm were significantly positive. Lastly, the study identified that there was a mediation effect between self-esteem and academic achievement through GRIT and academic enthusiasm. It indicates that self-esteem is the key to improve academic achievement and that specific programs should be supplemented in order to enhance self-esteem, GRIT, and academic enthusiasm.

Modern professional educator: conditions and factors of its formation

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Nikolai Petrovich Senchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Professional Educator ◽  
Higher Institution ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Social Orders

The article analyzes the view of a number of Russian scientists (V. A. Slastenin, A. Ya. Savelyev, A. A. Verbitsky etc.) on the problem of pedagogical professionalism as a system of stable personal traits, ensuring high productivity and effciency of work aimed to form individual students competencies. The external and internal factors for the formation of a modern professional teacher are also determined: state and social orders for a competent teacher, an educator, a teacher of a higher institution, their personal characteristics and desire to develop. It is noted that as a result of self-development, teachers realize the needs for the development of such personal qualities and competencies, which guarantee them high results in their professional activities and success in life.

Proximity to broad bond rating change and CEO power

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Bajaj ◽  
Li Sun
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Ceo Power ◽  
Bond Ratings ◽  
Rating Data ◽  
Bond Rating ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rating Change

PurposeBorderline firms whose bond rating has a plus or minus specification by a rating agency face a greater potential for an upgrade or downgrade by the agency. The authors examine the level of chief executive officer (CEO) power in firms with a plus or minus bond rating. The authors test whether CEOs of these firms become more or less powerful, along with the effect of corporate governance and existing bond rating.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a panel sample with 16,429 observations from 1992 to 2016 from the ExecuComp database.FindingsThe authors find that CEOs of borderline-rated firms tend to be less powerful, relative to firms with a non-proximate rating. This result is largely present in firms with a plus rating. The authors also find that our primary findings are mainly driven by firms with low bond ratings (i.e. below investment grade) or by firms with weak corporate governance. Lastly, the authors document that CEO personal characteristics (i.e. CEO age, gender and tenure) impact our findings.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, firms in our sample are large public companies, and the external validity of our results to smaller firms that may also be private is unknown. Second, the Compustat database discontinued reporting bond rating data (i.e. S&P bond ratings) in 2017. Hence, the authors are unable to analyze the CEO power of borderline firms in years after 2016.Practical implicationsThe study contributes to the larger debate on whether having powerful CEOs is beneficial to an organization or not, because prior research has examined the consequences of CEO power with mixed results. The authors document evidence to support the research stream that links CEO power to negative consequences.Social implicationsThe authors find that our primary results are enhanced in firms with weak corporate governance, which is consistent with prior research that finds effective governance may mitigate CEO power and agency problems between the CEO and the Board.Originality/valuePrior research primarily uses CEO power as a driver for performance. Our study focuses on CEO power as a dependent variable, with the bond rating change proximity as a driver of CEO power. The authors believe that this helps develop a more comprehensive understanding of CEO power.

Effects of perceived social isolation, fear of social isolation and gratitude during COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety in Malaysia (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cher Yi Tan ◽  
Jia Yi Ng ◽  
Mei-Hua Lin ◽  
Min Hooi Yong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic compelled many countries including Malaysia to impose movement restrictions to curb spreading the virus. Evidence shows that prolonged isolation has negative effects on both physical and mental health. OBJECTIVE Our aims were to examine (1) the mediating effect of perceived social isolation (SI) and fear of social isolation (FSI) on the relationship between gratitude and anxiety, and (2) to explore the moderating effect of age, education and socioeconomic status on the mediation model. METHODS We collected data from 427 participants currently living in Malaysia during the movement restriction order (Mage = 37.90, SD = 16.51, 313 females) from an online survey containing questions pertaining to isolation and gratitude. RESULTS Our mediation analysis showed that gratitude has a positive effect on overcoming anxiety as it also lowers feelings of SI and FSI (B = -.229, β = .128, bootstrap SE = .049, 95% bootstrap CI = [-.332, -.138]). The moderated mediation analyses revealed the indirect effect of gratitude on anxiety through SI was significant for young adults (B = -.148, β = .083, 95% bootstrap CI [-.274, -.042]) and middle-aged (B = -.099, β = -.055, 95% bootstrap CI [-.177, -.033]) but not for older adults (B = -.026, β = -.015, 95% bootstrap CI [-.129, .047]). Results were similar for FSI in that it was significant for middle aged and not significant for older adults (all CIs does not include zero). However the mediation effect was not significant for young adults (B = -.020, β = -.011, 95% bootstrap CI [-.066, .016]). When we examined the moderating effect of education and SES in the parallel mediation model, results showed that the mediation effect of SI and FSI for those with lower levels of education was significant for all SES levels (all CIs did not contain zero). As for those with medium levels of education, the conditional indirect effect of SI and FSI was significant only for low and medium levels of SES but not for high SES. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of having some coping mechanism and social connection during the pandemic to have higher wellbeing and quality of life, especially for middle-aged sample and people from low education and SES background. CLINICALTRIAL None

scholarly journals Childhood Psychological Maltreatment and Depression among Chinese Adolescents: Multiple Mediating Roles of Perceived Ostracism and Core Self-Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11283
Author(s):  
Qiong Wang ◽  
Ruilin Tu ◽  
Wei Hu ◽  
Xiao Luo ◽  
Fengqing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Core Self ◽  
The Relationship

Previous studies have primarily focused on the separate mediating role of interpersonal context or personal characteristics in the relationship between childhood psychological maltreatment and depression, neglecting the combined effects, which have limited ecological validity. Therefore, this study investigated the multiple mediating roles of perceived ostracism and core self-evaluation in the relationship between childhood psychological maltreatment and depression. A total of 1592 Chinese adolescents (51.1% boys), ranging in age from 11 to 15 years (M = 13.23, SD = 0.96), completed a self-report questionnaire regarding demographics, psychological maltreatment, perceived ostracism, core self-evaluation and depression. A multiple mediation model was tested using Model 6 of the PROCESS macro. After controlling for the variables of gender and age, the results indicated that perceived ostracism and core self-evaluation parallelly and sequentially mediated the link between psychological maltreatment and depression. The multiple mediation model could account for 55% of the total effect. In conclusion, the current study helps us better understand the mechanisms of depression caused by psychological maltreatment, and contributes to preventing and intervening in depression among Chinese adolescents.

scholarly journals Working Alliance as a Mediator between Supervisory Styles and Supervisee Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
David K. Duys ◽  
Yanhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Working Alliance ◽  
Counselor Trainees ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Supervisory Working Alliance ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Supervisory Styles ◽  
Satisfaction With Supervision ◽  
Balanced Approach

To answer the research question whether there is a mediation effect of the supervisory working alliance between supervisory styles and supervisee satisfaction, we developed a mediation model and tested this hypothesized mediation effect with a sample of 111 participants that was comprised of master’s and doctoral counselor trainees and counseling practitioners recruited from several counseling professional networks. Results indicated a statistically significant indirect effect of supervisory styles on supervisee satisfaction through the supervisory working alliance. Specifically, when supervisees rated higher on a mixture of three supervisory styles, they were more likely to report a stronger working alliance with their supervisors; this alliance, in turn, contributed to their higher levels of satisfaction with supervision. These findings also speak to the importance of maintaining a flexible, balanced approach in supervision, and shed light on how both supervisors and supervisees can contribute to the supervisory working alliance so as to enhance supervisee satisfaction.

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