scholarly journals After the Wildfires: The Processes of Social Learning of Forest Owners’ Associations in Central Catalonia, Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6042
Author(s):  
Roser Rodríguez-Carreras ◽  
Xavier Úbeda ◽  
Marcos Francos ◽  
Claudia Marco
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Forest Ownership ◽  
Ecological Resistance ◽  
Emotional Component ◽  
Forest Fire Prevention

Over the last few decades, according to the Forest Fire Prevention Services of the Catalan Government, a small number of fires (less than 1%) have been responsible for the destruction of more than three quarters of the burnt forest area in Catalonia. However, while these wildfires have transformed many components of the landscape, including its vegetation and soils, they offer landowners the opportunity to learn from past decisions. This article aims to analyze the responses of forest owners in Central Catalonia after the great forest fires of the 1980s and 1990s, including the way in which their objectives and strategies are defined and their actions implemented. By conducting interviews with the members of forest owners’ associations and by means of participant observation at association meetings, we seek to examine the processes of social learning experienced by this collective and to identify the mechanisms used in their efforts to create socio-ecological structures that are less vulnerable to fire. Associationism is unusual in the world of Catalan forest ownership, despite the great number of private forest areas. In our results, however, associationism emerges as a strategy for cooperation, a recognition of the need to link ecological and social structures in the territory, and one which we define as a form of ‘socio-ecological resistance’. Our study highlights that the goals and actions of forest owners’ associations have both an instrumental and emotional component, so that reason, emotion and action have come to form the three vertices of socio-ecological resistance to fire.

The importance of the traditional fire knowledge system in a subtropical montane socio-ecosystem in a protected natural area

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 911 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Leonardo Martínez-Torres ◽  
Alicia Castillo ◽  
M. Isabel Ramírez ◽  
Diego R. Pérez-Salicrup
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Monarch Butterfly ◽  
Knowledge System ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Protected Natural Area

The use of fire for traditional agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry is highly important to farmers in developing countries where this practice is continuously blamed as being the main cause of forest fires. That is the case in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR), Mexico, where paradoxically, little is known about the inhabitants’ traditional uses of fire. In this study we characterise fire users, describe traditional fire uses and identify the ecological and social rules involved in the use of fire in the MBBR. Through participant observation and semi-structured interviews we found a robust body of knowledge among local people regarding the geophysical and ecological factors determining fire behaviour. This information is transferred orally and through everyday practices from parents to children. We identified nine types of fire uses. The most common is ‘mound burns’, which entails a process of extraction-piling-drying-burning of weeds from agricultural fields. Social rules are aimed at decreasing the risk of forest fires. Our results suggest there is a traditional fire knowledge system in the MBBR that has undergone changes and has adapted to the ecological and social reality of the region during the past few decades.

scholarly journals Improving state policy on forest fire prevention and extinguishing: administrative and legal aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
M. V. Oleynik
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
The State ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Forest Fire Prevention

In this article, an attempt is made to analyze the existing legal mechanisms for the formation of the state system for the prevention and elimination of forest fires, to outline ways to improve state policy in this area. The author presents the results of the analysis of the content of text arrays of normative legal acts regulating the prevention and elimination of forest fires. disaster Medicine of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The genesis of legislative acts reflecting the functions of the state to protect the population and territories from emergency situations is carried out. With the help of content analysis, the characteristics of various governing documents in the field under consideration are given. The main key points contained in the analyzed documents are shown. The positive and negative sides, as well as contradictions affecting the functioning of the RSChS and the functional subsystem of the Federal Forestry Agency for the protection of forests from fires and their protection from pests and forest diseases are revealed. The qualitative approach of content analysis allowed us to determine the content of problematic issues that are poorly reflected in regulatory legal documents, or have a logical contradiction when compared with each other. The proposals for improving the state policy in the field of prevention and elimination of forest fires in Russia are substantiated.

scholarly journals Local wisdom as basic material for drafting local government regulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marhaeni Ria Siombo
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Processing Data ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Forest Fire Prevention ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Method

The Dayak tribe is a native of Kalimantan's island, one of the large islands in Indonesia that has a large forest area. This study aims to determine the local wisdom of the Dayak tribe in managing forests to prevent forest fires to realize sustainable forest development. This research uses a descriptive method. The study was conducted on the Maanyan Dayak tribe in Muara Tewe, North Barito Regency, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data was obtained employing observation, interviews. Focus group discussion and documentation. Data analysis using Triangulation Technique. Namely by collecting data, processing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The study results show that the Dayak tribe has Local Wisdom, which provides guidelines for interacting with the forest. The Dayak tribe understands the relationship between humans and nature with a religious dimension that can be used to manage forests. This research is expected to be a material consideration for related parties to forest fire prevention by utilizing the local wisdom of the Dayak tribe.

scholarly journals Risking and Securing Out of School Children: Parents’ Perspective in a Semi-Urban Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-149
Author(s):  
Muhammad Athar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
School Children ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Educational Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Future ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Mainstream Culture ◽  
Out Of School

The present research article deals with the perspective of parents regarding the future of their out of school children and their concept of educational development. Qualitative research techniques which includes in-depth interviews, participant observation and FGDs were used for data collection. Bari Imam, near Quaid i Azam University Islamabad was the research site. Purposive sampling technique was used and only those parents were chosen who had out of school children. To understand the parents’ perspective about out of school children, the concepts have been borrowed from Social Learning Theory, which has three major components e.g. observation, imitating and then modeling. Results of the study indicated that parents had serious reservations about the educational system of Pakistan and the future outcome of education. They preferred short-term to boost their household economy rather than a long term investment on their children’s education which is necessary for the social as well as the personal development. Under the influence of social learning, parents imitating others started sending their children to acquire technical skills, which brought early monetary rewards. Study concluded that, parents were forced to send their children for earning rather than to the schools. Mainstream culture prevailing in the area was to send the children for vocational and technical trainings for rapid monetary benefits. In the current scenario the natives influenced each other which was positive in the context of money and rewards, but negative for the child’s educational development.

scholarly journals Eco-Teatro y concienciación medioambiental de la comunidad: La aplicación del teatro para la prevención de incendios forestales // Eco-theatre and Environmental Awareness in the Community: Theatre as a Tool to Prevent Forest Fires

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-166
Author(s):  
Elena F. Sánchez-Vizcaíno
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Theatrical Production ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Community Theatre ◽  
Forest Fire Prevention ◽  
Theatrical Representation

En este artículo se estudia el papel del teatro como herramienta de sensibilización y prevención de incendios forestales. Para ello, se analiza el movimiento artístico denominado eco-teatro y se relaciona con la campaña de teatro realizada por el Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente (MAGRAMA) durante los años 2009, 2010 y 2011. La campaña se realizó en 161 localidades donde el riesgo de incendios forestales era elevado. Los resultados del análisis y de las encuestas recogidas muestran que, al menos a corto plazo, el público aumentó sus conocimientos acerca de esta problemática gracias a la representación teatral a la que asistió y, por tanto, se postula la utilidad del teatro como herramienta de concienciación y sensibilización medioambiental.   Abstract   This essay studies the role of theatre as a tool for awareness and forest fire prevention. To achieve this goal, the artistic movement called eco-theater has been analyzed and related to a theatre campaign conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment (MAGRAMA) during the years 2009, 2010 and 2011 in Spain. The campaign took a theatrical production to 161 small towns in areas where the risk of forest fires was particularly high. The results of the analysis and surveys collected show that, at least for a short term period, the audience increased their knowledge regarding this environmental problem thanks to the theatrical representation. The article concludes that eco-theater can be a very useful tool in increasing environmental awareness. 

scholarly journals WHY IS EDUCATIONAL RESILIENCE IMPORTANT? HIGHER EDUCATION IN MARGINALIZED POPULATIONS IN MEXICO CITY

1970 ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Rosa Ynés Alacio García1
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Educational Resilience ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Achievement Data ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Emotional Component ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Capability Poverty ◽  
Effective Decision Making ◽  
Academic Lives

Educational resilience is studied in a capability poverty and marginalization context; it is an emotional component that intervenes in effective decision-making and has an impact on the academic lives of students. The concepts of “capability poverty” and “marginalization” are defined from a multidisciplinary standpoint, and educational resilience is used to pinpoint the importance of the emotional component in the fulfillment of academic achievement. Data was extracted from three surveys performed in 2005, 2010 and 2015 respectively; four student groups were selected through participant observation; case selection was performed again to apply a questionnaire encompassing expectations, motivations, experiences and academic results. Resilience is observed in university graduation processes, as it contributes to a feeling of self-worth and competence development when writing a dissertation and defending it using academic language.

scholarly journals PERAN BADAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN BENCANA KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN (KARHUTLA) DI KABUPATEN MUSI BANYUASIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Tri Anggraini ◽  
Dimas Agustian
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Fire Prevention ◽  
Fire Disaster ◽  
Forest Fire Prevention ◽  
High Level ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Musi Banyuasin is a district with a high level of vulnerability to forest and land fire disasters. Therefore, prevention efforts are needed to minimize forest fires again. Forest fire prevention efforts are activities that are the responsibility of all relevant stakeholders in Musi Banyuasin, one of which is the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Musi Banyuasin Regency. This research will focus on the role of BPBD in efforts to prevent forest and land fires in Musi Banyuasin Regency. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method of observation and in-depth interviews. The results of the study show that the BPBD of Musi Banyuasin Regency plays a role in accordance with its functions and obligations as a regional BPBD, namely as an organization that conducts risk studies of Kahutlha fire-prone areas in Musi Banyuasin Regency. The area risk assessment is carried out in three main stages, namely determining the condition of the area, determining the condition of the land through the level of vulnerability and hotspots, and finally informing the condition to the local government and the community through outreach activities.   Keywords:BPBD, Fire Disaster, Kahutlha,  Prevention   Abstrak Musi Banyuasin merupakan kabupaten dengan tingkat kerawanan level tinggi terhadap bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan, Oleh karenanya, perlu adanya upaya pencegahan untuk meminim lisirter jadi kebarakan hutan kembali. Upaya pencegahan kebakaran hutan merupakan kegiatan yang menjadi tanggung jawab seluruh stakeholder terkait di Musi Banyuasin salah satunya adalah Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Penelitian ini akan berfokus pada peran BPBD dalam upaya pencegahan kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode observasi dan wawancana mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BPBD Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin berperan sesuai dengan fungsi dan kewajibannya sebagai BPBD daerah yaitu sebagai organisasi yang melakukan kajian resiko Kawasan rawan kebakaran Karhutla di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Kajian resiko Kawasan dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan utama yaitu menetapkan kondisi daerah, menetapkan kondisi lahan melalui tingkat kerawanan dan titik panas, dan terakhir adalah menginformasi kondisi kepada pemerintah daerah dan masyakarat melalui kegiatan sosialisasi.   Kata Kunci:BencanaKebakaran, BPBD, Karhutla, Pencegahan  

scholarly journals Chinese forest fire occurrence prediction based on machine learning methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yudong Li ◽  
Zhongke Feng ◽  
Ziyu Zhao ◽  
Wenyuan Ma ◽  
Shilin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Fire Prevention ◽  
Fire Occurrence ◽  
Forest Fire Prevention ◽  
And Control

Abstract Forest fires can cause serious harm. Scientifically predicting forest fires is an important basis for preventing them. Currently, there is little research on the prediction of long time-series forest fires in China. Choosing a suitable forest fire prediction model and predicting the probability of Chinese forest fire occurrence are of great importance to China’s forest fire prevention and control work. Based on fire hotspot, meteorological, terrain, vegetation, infrastructure, and socioeconomic data collected from 2003 to 2016, we used a random forest model as a feature-selection method to identify 13 major drivers of forest fires in China. The forest fire prediction models developed in this study are based on four machine-learning algorithms: an artificial neural network, a radial basis function network, a support-vector machine, and a random forest. The models were evaluated using the five performance indicators of accuracy, precision, recall, f1 value, and area under the curve. We used the optimal model to obtain the probability of forest fire occurrence in various provinces in China and created a spatial distribution map of the areas with high incidences of forest fires. The results showed that the prediction accuracy of the four forest fire prediction models was between 75.8% and 89.2%, and the area under the curve value was between 0.840 and 0.960. The random forest model had the highest accuracy (89.2%) and area under the curve value (0.96); thus, it was used as the optimal model to predict the probability of forest fire occurrence in China. The prediction results indicate that the areas with high incidences of forest fires are mainly concentrated in north-eastern China (Heilongjiang Province and northern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) and south-eastern China (including Fujian Province and Jiangxi Province). In areas at high risk of forest fire, management departments can improve forest fire prevention and control by establishing watch towers and using other monitoring equipment. This study helps in understanding the main drivers of forest fires in China, provides a reference for the selection of high-precision forest fire prediction models, and provides a scientific basis for China’s forest fire prevention and control work.

scholarly journals Thoreau, Muir, and Jane Doe: Different Types of Private Forest Owners Need Different Kinds of Forest Management

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew O. Finley ◽  
David B. Kittredge
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Forest Owner ◽  
Private Forest ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Private Forest Owners ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Forest Ownership ◽  
Segmentation Analysis

Abstract We present a three-phase segmentation analysis designed to highlight the heterogeneity of forest ownership values and attitudes toward government control, privacy, and environmental protection held by a sample of Massachusetts private forest owners. This case study explores private forest owner characteristics that are associated with enrollment into Massachusetts' Chapter 61 current-use forest property tax program, which requires a professionally prepared 10-year forest management plan. We suggest the key to increasing landowner participation in forest management programs is to (1) recognize this heterogeneity of the target population, and (2) tailor the program to meet segment specific needs and desires.

The order of forest owners' discourses: Hegemonic and marginalised truths about the forest and forest ownership

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomo Takala ◽  
Teppo Hujala ◽  
Minna Tanskanen ◽  
Jukka Tikkanen
Keyword(s):  
Forest Owners ◽  
Forest Ownership
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