scholarly journals Rye and Oat Agricultural Wastes as Substrate Candidates for Biomass Production of the Non-Conventional Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7704
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Drzymała ◽  
Aleksandra Maria Mirończuk ◽  
Witold Pietrzak ◽  
Adam Dobrowolski
Keyword(s):  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Yeast Biomass ◽  
Oat Bran ◽  
Yeast Yarrowia Lipolytica

The aim of this study was to test rye straw, rye bran and oat bran hydrolysates as substrates for growth of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, a microorganism known to have large biotechnological potential. First, after the combined process of acid-enzymatic hydrolysis, the concentration and composition of fermentable monosaccharides in the obtained hydrolysates were analyzed. Glucose was the main sugar, followed by xylose and arabinose. Rye bran hydrolysate had the highest sugar content—80.8 g/L. The results showed that this yeast was able to grow on low-cost medium and produce biomass that could be used as a feed in the form of single cell protein. The biomass of yeast grown in oat bran hydrolysate was over 9 g/L after 120 h, with the biomass total yield and total productivity values of 0.141 g/g and 0.078 g/h, respectively. The protein contents in yeast biomass were in the range of 30.5–44.5% of dry weight. Results obtained from Y. lipolytica cultivated in rye bran showed high content of exogenous amino acid (leucine 3.38 g, lysine 2.93 g, threonine 2.31 g/100 g of dry mass) and spectrum of unsaturated fatty acid with predominantly oleic acid—59.28%. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that lignocellulosic agricultural waste, after hydrolysis, could be efficiently converted to feed-related yeast biomass.

scholarly journals Improved Production of Kynurenic Acid by Yarrowia lipolytica in Media Containing Different Honeys

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Wróbel-Kwiatkowska ◽  
Waldemar Turski ◽  
Piotr Juszczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Kita ◽  
Waldemar Rymowicz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Kynurenic Acid ◽  
Culture Broth ◽  
Yeast Biomass ◽  
Amino Acids Composition ◽  
Yeast Yarrowia Lipolytica

Y. lipolytica remains a nonpathogenic, unconventional yeast, which can be applied for the production of bioactive compounds. Our previous study confirmed the ability of yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to produce kynurenic acid (KYNA). Here, we investigated the effectiveness of KYNA production in cultures cultivated in medium containing honey of various origin, used as a source of carbon and energy. It was evidenced that the highest content of KYNA in culture broth (68 mg/L) and yeast biomass (542 mg/kg) was obtained when chestnut honey was used. The content of lipids and amino acids composition in yeast biomass producing KYNA was also determined. It was found that the composition of both amino acids and lipids in yeast biomass depended on the honey type used as a component of the medium. This finding revealed that supplementation of medium broth with honey may significantly affect the nutritional value of yeast biomass. The practical applicability of this finding requires further study.

Conversion of sugar beet leaf polysaccharides into single cell protein

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (27) ◽  
pp. 20961-20965 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Patelski ◽  
M. Stanisz ◽  
A. Antczak ◽  
M. Balcerek ◽  
K. Pielech-Przybylska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Yeast Biomass

Conversion of low-cost sugar beet leaves into valuable yeast biomass was described.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of L-Carnitine Production by Y. Lipolytica in Different Conditions in Biofuel Waste and Fat-Acid Free Medium for Commercial Purposes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Jach ◽  
Konrad Kubiński ◽  
Ewa Sajnaga ◽  
Marek Juda ◽  
Anna Malm
Keyword(s):  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Yeast Biomass ◽  
Wet Biomass ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Carnitine Concentration ◽  
Biofuel Waste

Abstract Background Yarrowia lipolytica is an oleaginous yeast with the ability to grow in a variety of hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates, including industrial wastes, in which it produces and accumulates various nutrients. Methods The aim of the present study was to examine the presence of free L-carnitine in the biomasses of two Yarrowia lipolytica strains (ATCC 9793 and A-101) growing in YPD medium and biofuel waste. The cultivations of Y. lipolytica were performed in aerobic conditions at different temperatures (20–30°C) and pH values (4.0–7.0) of the media with and without the addition of precursors for L-carnitine production, such us iron, trimethyllysine, and L-ascorbic acid in a laboratory scale or chromium chloride (III) in a pilot plant scale. Results Both tested Y. lipolytica strains grown in fatty acid-poor YPD medium at 20°C and pH 6.0 contained endogenous free L-carnitine in their biomass with a maximum of 22.85 mg/100 g of wet biomass. The addition of L-carnitine precursors to the YPD medium exerted a significant effect on L-carnitine concentration in the yeast biomass, increasing it up to 250%. In turn, the biomass of both tested Y. lipolytica strains cultivated in the biofuel waste, irrespective of the culture conditions, contained below 1 mg of L-carnitine/100 g of wet biomass. However, the supplementation of the culture media with the L-carnitine precursors significantly increased the yield of the yeast biomass by 20–30% in the biofuel waste cultures. Moreover, the addition of chromium(III) chloride into the biofuel waste caused an increase in the free L-carnitine concentration in the yeast biomass up to 2.24 mg/100 g of dry weight. Conclusion Biomass of Y. lipolytica grown in the free fat medium contained free L-carnitine, in contrast to the biomass grown in the fat-rich biofuel waste. The very low amounts of L-carnitine in the biomass of Y. lipolytica grown in the crude biofuel waste suggest that the yeast is able to utilize almost the entire pool of free L-carnitine for growth and nutritional biomass production. However, the addition of chromium to the biofuel waste contributed to an increase in L-carnitine concentration in Y. lipolytica biomass.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization, Agro-Morphological and Physiological Evaluation of Grafted Tomato under Salinity Stress Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1948
Author(s):  
Emad A. Abdeldym ◽  
Mohamed M. El-Mogy ◽  
Hoda R. L. Abdellateaf ◽  
Mohamed A. M. Atia
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Physiological Evaluation ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

This study aims to determine grafting’s efficiency to improve tomato growth and production under salinity stress conditions. A commercial tomato hybrid (cv. Bark) and eight wild tomato accessions were evaluated at molecular, physiological and agronomic levels. At the molecular level, two robust gene-targeting marker systems (Conserved DNA-Derived Polymorphism; CDDP and Start Codon Targeted Polymorphism; SCoT) were employed. Bark cv. was grafted as a scion onto the four tomato genotypes’ roots as stocks. The rootstocks effect was evaluated by growing plants at 0, 100 and 200 mM NaCl. Our results showed that grafting enhanced plant shoots and roots growth (plant height, number of branches, plant fresh weight, root length, and root fresh and dry weight), fruit yield (total yield, number and weight of fruits) and fruit quality (Vitamin C, firmness and total soluble solids) in Bark on most tested rootstocks. A significant interaction between salinity levels and rootstocks for all measured hormones, antioxidants and proline was observed. In conclusion, our consistent results from the three approaches (molecular, physiological and agronomical) revealed that the four genotypes (LA1995, LA2711, LA2485 and LA3845) were found to be grouped and exhibit better performance under salinity stress conditions. Furthermore, grafting could be a low-cost alternative method to improve salt tolerance in sensitive tomato genotypes.

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Oils upon Lipase and Citric Acid Production inYarrowia lipolyticaYeast

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshad Darvishi ◽  
Iraj Nahvi ◽  
Hamid Zarkesh-Esfahani ◽  
Fariborz Momenbeik
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Single Cell Oil

The nonconventional yeastYarrowia lipolyticadegrades very efficiently hydrophobic substrates to produce organic acids, single-cell oil, lipases, and so forth. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical behavior and simultaneous production of valuable metabolites such as lipase, citric acid (CA), and single-cell protein (SCP) byYarrowia lipolyticaDSM 3286 grown on various plant oils as sole carbon source. Among tested plant oils, olive oil proved to be the best medium for lipase and CA production. TheY. lipolyticaDSM 3286 produced 34.6 0.1 U/mL of lipase and also CA and SCP as by-product on olive oil medium supplemented with yeast extract. Urea, as organic nitrogen, was the best nitrogen source for CA production. The results of this study suggest that the two biotechnologically valuable products, lipase and CA, could be produced simultaneously by this strain using renewable low-cost substrates such as plant oils in one procedure.

scholarly journals Engineering oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for enhanced limonene production from xylose and lignocellulosic hydrolysate

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Yao ◽  
Shun-Cheng Liu ◽  
Dan-Ni Wang ◽  
Zhi-Jie Liu ◽  
Qiang Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Oleaginous Yeast ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstock ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Yeast Yarrowia Lipolytica

ABSTRACT Limonene, a valuable cyclic monoterpene, has been broadly studied in recent decades due to its wide application in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. Engineering of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for fermentation of renewable biomass lignocellulosic hydrolysate may reduce the cost and improve the economics of bioconversion for the production of limonene. The aim of this study was to engineer Y. lipolytica to produce limonene from xylose and low-cost lignocellulosic feedstock. The heterologous genes XR and XDH and native gene XK encoding xylose assimilation enzymes, along with the heterologous genes tNDPS1 and tLS encoding orthogonal limonene biosynthetic enzymes, were introduced into the Po1f strain to facilitate xylose fermentation to limonene. The initially developed strain produced 0.44 mg/L of limonene in 72 h with 20 g/L of xylose. Overexpression of genes from the mevalonate pathway, including HMG1 and ERG12, significantly increased limonene production from xylose to ∼9.00 mg/L in 72 h. Furthermore, limonene production peaked at 20.57 mg/L with 50% hydrolysate after 72 h when detoxified lignocellulosic hydrolysate was used. This study is the first to report limonene production by yeast from lignocellulosic feedstock, and these results indicate the initial steps toward economical and sustainable production of isoprenoids from renewable biomass by engineered Y. lipolytica.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of L-carnitine production by Yarrowia lipolytica in different culture conditions in biofuel waste and fatty acid-poor medium for commercial purposes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Elżbieta Jach ◽  
Konrad Kubiński ◽  
Marek Juda ◽  
Ewa Sajnaga ◽  
Tomasz Baj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Yeast Biomass ◽  
Wet Biomass ◽  
Carnitine Concentration ◽  
Biofuel Waste

Abstract Background Yarrowia lipolytica is an oleaginous yeast with the ability to grow in a variety of hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates, including industrial wastes, in which it produces and accumulates various nutrients. Methods The aim of the present study was to examine the presence of free L-carnitine in the biomasses of two Yarrowia lipolytica strains (A-101 and ATCC 9793) growing in biofuel waste and YPD medium. The cultivations of Y. lipolytica were performed in aerobic conditions at different temperatures (20–30°C) and pH values (4.0–7.0) of the media with and without the addition of precursors for L-carnitine production (trimethyllysine, iron, and L-ascorbic acid) in a laboratory scale or other substances (chromium, selenite, or zinc) in a pilot plant scale. Results Both tested Y. lipolytica strains grown in fatty acid-poor YPD medium contained endogenous free L-carnitine in their biomass with a maximum of 22.85 mg/100 g of wet biomass. The addition of L-carnitine precursors to the YPD medium exerted a significant effect on L-carnitine concentration in the yeast biomass, increasing it up to 250%. In turn, the biomass of both tested Y. lipolytica strains cultivated in the biofuel waste, irrespective of the culture conditions, contained below 1 mg of L-carnitine/100 g of wet biomass. However, the supplementation of the culture media with the L-carnitine precursors significantly increased the yield of the yeast biomass by 20–30% in the non-fermentable biofuel waste cultures. Moreover, the addition of chromium (III) chloride into the biofuel waste caused an increase in the free L-carnitine concentration in the yeast biomass up to 2.24 mg/100 g of dry weight. Conclusion Biomass of Y. lipolytica grown in the fat-poor medium contained free L-carnitine, in contrast to the biomass grown in the fat-rich biofuel waste. The very low amounts of L-carnitine in the biomass of Y. lipolytica grown in the crude biofuel waste suggest that the yeast is able to utilize almost the entire pool of free L-carnitine for growth and nutritional biomass production. However, the addition of chromium to the biofuel waste contributed to an increase in L-carnitine concentration in Y. lipolytica biomass.

Removal of nutrients from Organic Liquid Agricultural Waste using filamentous algae.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Flores-Morales ◽  
Mónica Díaz ◽  
Patricia Arancibia-Avila ◽  
Michelle Muñoz-Carrasco ◽  
Pamela Jara-Zapata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Filamentous Algae ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Reduction ◽  
Algae Removal ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
Waste Effluents

Abstract A feasibility analysis of tertiary treatment for Organic Liquid Agricultural Waste is presented using filamentous algae belonging to the genus Cladophora sp. as an alternative to chemical tertiary treatment. The main advantages of tertiary treatments that use biological systems are the low cost investment and the minimal dependence on environmental variables. In this work we demonstrate that filamentous algae reduces the nutrient load of nitrate (circa 75%) and phosphate (circa 86%) from the organic waste effluents coming from dairy farms after nine days of culture, with the added advantage being that after the treatment period, algae removal can be achieved by simple procedures. Currently, the organic wastewater is discarded into fields and local streams. However, the algae can acquire value as a by-product since it has various uses as compost, cellulose, and biogas. A disadvantage of this system is that clean water must be used to achieve enough water transparency to allow algae growth. Even so, the nutrient reduction system of the organic effluents proposed is friendly to the ecosystem, compared to tertiary treatments that use chemicals to precipitate and collect nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates.

Harvest Field Sizing as a Technique to Remove Undersize French Prunes

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 452a-452
Author(s):  
Richard Buchner ◽  
Seeley Mudd ◽  
Bruce Carroll ◽  
Mark Gilles
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
High Sugar Content

Overall profitability is a major goal in successful prune production and a major component in any prune management system. Large prune crops in 1996 and 1997 have stimulated considerable interest in undersize fruit. Undersize prunes currently have marginal value and may represent a net loss because of costs to haul, dry, and to market order payments on low value prunes. One technique to control delivery size is to field size at harvest. Field sizing involves installing size-sorting devices on harvesters, which allow small prunes to fall out while valuable fruit is collected. Field sizing is considered a “risky” strategy because of the potential to remove prunes with economic value. During the 1997 harvest, 21 infield harvest sizing evaluations were made in prune orchards throughout Tehama county. The first evaluation occurred on 12 Aug. 1997, at the start of prune harvest. The final evaluation was done on 5 Sept. 1997, at the tail end of harvest. The objective was to sample throughout the harvest period to test field sizing under various sugar, size, and fruit pressure scenarios. The test machine was 1-inch bar sizer. Of the 21 sample dates, undersize fruit was clearly not marketable in 20 of the 21 samples. Discarded fruit averaged 133 dry count per pound. Only one sample out of 21 may have had market value at 86 dry count per pound. Although small in size, these prunes had very high sugar content contributing to their dry weight. In this evaluation, a 1-inch bar sizer did a good job of separating fruit with and without market value under the 1997 price schedule. As harvest date becomes later and soluble solids increase, the chances of sorting out marketable prunes also increases.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic and Sugar Profiles of Date Fruits Extracts from Six Different Algerian Cultivars as Influenced by Ripening Stages and Extraction Systems

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
Malika Tassoult ◽  
Djamel Edine Kati ◽  
María África Fernández-Prior ◽  
Alejandra Bermúdez-Oria ◽  
Juan Fernandez-Bolanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Ripening Stages ◽  
Date Fruit ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
First Time

The study investigated the phenols, sugar and the antioxidant capacities of date fruit extracts obtained by organic solvents and by hydrothermal treatment from six different Algerian cultivars at two ripening stages for the first time. The analyzed cultivars exhibited potent antioxidant properties (ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging capacities) and different phenols regardless of the solvents and the maturity stages. About 18 phenols were identified and quantified, mainly in the hydrothermal extracts. The earlier stages were characterized by high amounts of o-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid and luteolin, with a noticeable absence of quercetin. The tamr stage presented the highest sugar content (78.15–86.85 mg/100 mg dry weight (DW)) with an abundance of glucose. Galactose was present only in some cultivars from the kimri stage (tamjouhert). Uronic acids were mostly detected at the tamr stage (4.02–8.82 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 mg dried weight). The obtained results highlight the potential of using date fruit extracts as natural antioxidants, especially at industrial scales that tend use hydrothermal extraction.

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