scholarly journals The Impact of Climate Change on the Sugar Content of Grapes and the Sustainability of their Production in the Czech Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Miroslava Navrátilová ◽  
Markéta Beranová ◽  
Lucie Severová ◽  
Karel Šrédl ◽  
Roman Svoboda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Growing Region

The aim of the presented article is to evaluate the impact of climate change on the sugar content of grapes in the Czech Republic during the period 2000–2019 through selected indicators on the basis of available secondary sources. Attention is focused on the developments in both the main wine-growing regions of Moravia and Bohemia. In the field of viticulture and wine-growing, the sugar content of grapes, as a basic parameter for the classification of wines, plays an important role. In the Czech Republic, the average sugar content of grapes has had a constantly growing trend. This trend is evident both in the wine-growing region of Bohemia and in the wine-growing region of Moravia. The impact of climate change, especially the gradual increase of average temperatures in the growing season, cannot be overlooked. It greatly affects, among other things, the sugar content of grapes. Calculations according to the Huglin Index and the Winkler Index were used to determine the relationship between climate and sugar content. These indexes summarize the course of temperatures during the entire vegetation period into a single numerical value. The results show that both indexes describe the effect of air temperature on sugar content in both wine regions of the Czech Republic in a statistically significant way. The Huglin Index shows a higher correlation rate. The Winkler Index proved to be less suitable for both areas. Alternatively, the Winkler Index calculated for a shorter growing season was tested, which showed a higher degree of correlation with sugar content, approaching the significance of the Huglin Index.

The impact of climate change on the yield and quality of Saaz hops in the Czech Republic

2009 ◽  
Vol 149 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 913-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Mozny ◽  
Radim Tolasz ◽  
Jiri Nekovar ◽  
Tim Sparks ◽  
Mirek Trnka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Sensitivity of wheat yields to rise in growing season temperature: Evidences from panel data analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
K. PHILIP ◽  
S.S. ASHA DEVI ◽  
G.K. JHA ◽  
B.M.K. RAJU ◽  
B. SEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact

The impact of climate change on agriculture is well studied yet there is scope for improvement as crop specific and location specific impacts need to be assessed realistically to frame adaptation and mitigation strategies to lessen the adverse effects of climate change. Many researchers have tried to estimate potential impact of climate change on wheat yields using indirect crop simulation modeling techniques. Here, this study estimated the potential impact of climate change on wheat yields using a crop specific panel data set from 1981 to 2010,for six major wheat producing states. The study revealed that 1°C increase in average maximum temperature during the growing season reduces wheat yield by 3 percent. Major share of wheat growth and yield (79%) is attributed to increase in usage of physical inputs specifically fertilizers, machine labour and human labour. The estimated impact was lesser than previously reported studies due to the inclusion of wide range of short-term adaptation strategies to climate change. The results reiterate the necessity of including confluent factors like physical inputs while investigating the impact of climate factors on crop yields.

scholarly journals AGROCLIMATIC ZONES AND YIELD OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS IN THE CHANGING CONDITIONS OF REGIONAL CLIMATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Anna Scherbakova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

Today there is enough scientific research to prove the impact of climate change on agriculture. However, there is no conclusive conclusion as to what is in store for agriculture, its potential will increase or decrease. Significant consequences of the impact of climate change are likely to manifest themselves at the regional level, and this requires additional research for further adaptation of agriculture in the corresponding territory. The aim of the study is to assess changes in agro-climatic indicators at the regional level. The subject is the Komi Republic, located in the extreme northeast of the European part of the country. The chosen research methodology based on statistical processing of agro-climatic indicators for ten meteorological stations in the region for 1960-2018 and economic indicators of productivity and gross harvest of agricultural crops for 1913-2018 due to the large amount of data. Paired regression analysis used accurately interpret the results. The obtained mathematical models evaluated according to the Pearson coefficient, Student’s t-criterion, determination coefficient, F – Fisher’s criterion, so that the results of the study were reliable. For some regions, the consequences of climate change may turn out to be negative in the form of a decrease in food supply, for others - positive, due to an increase in the duration of the growing season and, accordingly, an increase in the potential productivity of agricultural crops. The relevance of the study is because these positive consequences will be especially characteristic for the northern territories. As a result, it revealed that in four agro-climatic regions of the Komi Republic, there were insignificant climatic changes for agriculture over a sixty-year period. An analysis of the yield of vegetables in open ground showed that it increased from 36 to 314 tons per hectare, and the gross yield of the main agricultural crop - potatoes - decreased almost 3 times, but the main reason is the reduction in acreage, and not climate change. However, the trend line for potato yields in the region as a whole shows an upward trend over a 100-year period. The performed paired regression analysis between the selected agro-climatic indicators and the yield of agricultural crops of the republic revealed an average direct relationship only between the yield of vegetables and the duration of the growing season, and the sum of average daily temperatures. Consequently, it is currently impossible to assert that the ongoing climatic changes have a significant impact on agriculture in the Komi Republic

Using a water budget model to anticipate the impact of climate change on groundwater recharge at the regional scale in cold and humid climates - example of southern Quebec (Canada)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Dubois ◽  
Marie Larocque ◽  
Sylvain Gagné
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Budget Model ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

<p>In cold and humid climates, rivers and superficial water bodies are often fed by groundwater with relatively constant inflows that are most visible during the summer (limited net precipitation) and the winter (limited runoff and infiltration). The harsh winter – short growing season succession could be drastically affected by climate change. Although water is abundant, extreme low flows are expected in the near future, most likely due to warmer summer temperatures, increased summer PET and possible lower summer precipitation. It is thus crucial to provide stakeholders with scenarios of future groundwater recharge (GWR) to anticipate the impacts of climate change on groundwater resources at the regional scale. This study aims to test the contributions of a superficial water budget model to estimate the impact of climate change on the regional GWR. The methodology is tested in a forested and agricultural region of southern Quebec, located between the St. Lawrence River and the Canada-USA border, and between the Quebec-Ontario border and Quebec City (36,000 km²). Scenarios of GWR for the region are simulated with the HydroBudget model, performing a transient-state spatialized superficial water budget, and 12 climate scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5, 1951-2100 period). The model was previously calibrated in the study area for the 1961-2017 period and provides spatially distributed runoff, actual evapotranspiration, and GWR fluxes at a 500 x 500 m resolution with a monthly time step. Climate scenarios show warming of the annual temperature from +2 to +5°C and up to 20% increase of annual precipitation at the 2100 horizon compared to the 1981-2010 reference period. By the end of the century, the number of days above 0°C could double between November and April, dividing by almost two the quantity of snow during winter. The clear trends of warming temperature leads to a clear actual evapotranspiration (AET) increase while the increasing variability in annual precipitation translates into more variable annual runoff and GWR. Although no annual GWR decrease is simulated, an increase of winter GWR (up to x2) is expected, linked to warmer winters and unfrozen soils, followed by a decrease for the rest of the year, linked to a longer growing season producing higher AET rates. Although simple in its simulation process, the use of a superficial water budget model simulating soil frost provides new insights into the possible future trends in the different hydrologic variables based on a robust understanding of past condition. Aside from providing scenarios of spatialized GWR (also runoff and AET) at the 2100 horizon for a large region, this study shows that a simple water budget model is an appropriate and affordable tool to provide stakeholders with useful data for water management in a changing climate.</p>

scholarly journals The Influence of Climate Change on Oat Productivity in the Steppe Zone of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
Climatic Scenarios ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Yield Of Oats

Purpose. To assess the impact of climate change on oat productivity in the steppe zone of Ukraine. Methods. Statistical, mathematical modeling. Results. It is established that the seed sowing and of seedling emergence will be postponed to an earlier date. More favorable conditions are expected for the formation of seedling emergence, growth and development of plants during the period of "seedling - heading". Reduced background temperature will lead to a decrease in the value of total evaporation and a decrease in moisture demand by 47–58 mm. The moisture content of the first vegetation period will be significantly higher than in the middle perennial years. Agroclimatic conditions of the second half of the vegetation period of oats will develop at low temperatures and uneven moisture across the territory. The demand for moisture will increase everywhere by 12–28 mm. The supply of moisture will decrease. Using the model of the formation of the yield of agricultural crops, the influence of changes in the agro-climatic conditions of the growing season on the indicators of photosynthetic productivity of oat crops and the formation of the yield was assessed. Conclusions. It was concluded that a possible increase in the yield of oats in the Steppe zone of Ukraine under the implementation of climatic scenarios and early sowing terms. Changes in agroclimatic conditions in the implementation of climatic scenarios will lead to changes in the photosynthetic activity of oat crops: the relative leaf area will increase, the increase in total plant mass will increase, the photosynthetic potential of crops will grow during the growing season. Proposed cartographic schemes of the expected yield of oats in the Steppe zone of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on Temperate and Alpine Grasslands in China during 1982–2006

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjin Shen ◽  
Binhui Liu ◽  
Guangdi Li ◽  
Daowei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Temperate Grasslands ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Alpine Steppe ◽  
The Impact

Based on GIMMS NDVI and climate data from 1982 to 2006, this study analyzed the impact of climate change on grassland in China. During the growing season, there were significant effects of precipitation on the growth of all the grassland types (P<0.05), except for meadow vegetation. For the air temperatures, there existed asymmetrical effects of maximum temperature (Tmax) and minimum temperature (Tmin) on grassland vegetation, especially for the temperate grasslands and alpine steppe. The growing season NDVI correlated negatively withTmaxbut positively withTminfor temperate grasslands. Seasonally, these opposite effects were only observed in summer. For alpine steppe, the growing season NDVI correlated positively withTmaxbut negatively withTmin, and this pattern of asymmetrical responses was only obvious in spring and autumn. Under the background of global asymmetric warming, more attention should be paid to this asymmetric response of grassland vegetation to daytime and night-time warming, especially when we want to predict the productivity of China’s grasslands in the future.

scholarly journals Local People’s Perception on Climate Change at Kamalamai Municipality, Sindhuli

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Basanta Kumar Neupane ◽  
Ashok Acharya ◽  
Luna Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The People ◽  
Climatic Hazards ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
The Impact

Climate change (CC) has become one of the intervening issues in the last few decades. Climate change can severely affect the way community is living, prominently the developing countries. Climate change brings out wide ranging effects on water resources, agriculture, human health and biodiversity. The study was conducted in ward number 3, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 13 of Kamalamai municipality Sindhuli, Nepal. The methods adopted for the data were key informant interviews, group discussions and observations. In order to support the primary data and secondary data were also used. The secondary sources of Data were obtained from the public documents of the different ministries, departments, Central Bureau of Statistics and journal articles. Group discussions, Key informant interviews and observation were carried out to identify the impact of climate change on vegetation and agriculture. The findings of the study show that majority of the household perceived the impact of climate change on vegetation and agriculture while very few people were unknown about the impact. Climate change expected to cause many other climatic hazards, which directly affect the economy and livelihoods of the people.

scholarly journals Addressing Environmental Change through Emergent Integrated Environmental Observatories: A Case Study in the Czech Republic

Environments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Manuel Acosta ◽  
Alexander Ač ◽  
Marian Pavelka ◽  
Kateřina Havránková ◽  
Henry W. Loescher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
The Impact

A growing body of scientific evidence indicates that we have entered the Anthropocene Epoch. Many assert that society has exceeded sustainable ecological planetary boundaries and that altered biogeophysical processes are no longer reversible to natural rates of ecosystem functioning. To properly and successfully address societal needs for the future, more holistic and complex methods need to be applied at various spatial and temporal scales. The increasingly interconnected nature of human and natural environments—from individuals to large megacities and entire continents and from cells through ecosystems to the biosphere as a whole (e.g., as seen in the carbon cycle)—demand new and often interdisciplinary and international approaches to address emerging global challenges. With that perspective in mind, the Czech Republic’s National Climate Program was established in 1991 with the aim to understand the impact of global environmental change on society. The National Climate Program was updated in 2017 to formulate a new Climate Protection Policy. Here, we outline the multifaceted problems that climate change poses for the Czech Republic, as well as a new scientific infrastructure and approaches directed to better understanding the effects of climate change on our ecosystems, water resources, urban environment, agriculture, human health, and general economy.

scholarly journals Approaches towards Land Valuation and Land Pricing under the Influence of Geo-Climate Change

Agriculture ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Josef Slaboch ◽  
Michal Malý
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Shadow Prices ◽  
Climatic Region ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Unit

The Czech Republic is more or less unique in its dual system (official and market price) of agricultural land prices. In the case of the market price, there are several studies and approaches that assess the impact of individual variables on the market price of land. If we focus on the official price of land, its value in the Czech Republic is influenced by the evaluated soil ecological unit (ESEU) price. The ESEU price expresses the production potential of the land on the basis of soil quality indicators, which include the climatic region, the main soil unit, slope and exposure and, last but not least, the depth of the soil profile and skeletonisation. Climate change also means that the current values of the definition (e.g., for a climatic region, this refers to the average temperature or average precipitation) do not correspond to reality. No studies have looked in detail at the impact of soil quality indicators or climate change on the price of ESEUs. New and more accurate measurements of soil characteristics are increasing the number of ESEU codes, and prices have not yet been set for some codes. For this reason, we proposed the use of a hedonic method to determine shadow prices, which reflect the intensity and direction of the effect of each input variable on the price of an ESEU. A heteroscedastic corrected linear regression model was used to determine the coefficients, which presents in detail the effect of all included parameters on the final price of an ESEU in the results section. From the results, it was obvious that the shadow price coefficients themselves corresponded to basic generally accepted assumptions regarding the direction of effect. In the conditions of the Czech Republic, a significant influence on the price of an ESEU was mainly the slope with exposure and the depth of the soil profile with skeletonisation. These factors affected the productive capacity of the soil, which, in turn, translated into lower profitability of agricultural entities. The high explanatory ability of the hedonic model, with a high parametric significance for most of the used variables, was an important factor determining the robustness of the model as a repricing tool. The model set according to the prices of the applicable price decree can be used to set the prices of new or not-yet-valued ESEU codes under the conditions in the Czech Republic, or shadow prices can be used during climatic changes in the event of the transfer of the given soil unit to another climate region according to the general specification. It is therefore an important tool for the needs of the public administration.

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