scholarly journals AGROCLIMATIC ZONES AND YIELD OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS IN THE CHANGING CONDITIONS OF REGIONAL CLIMATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Anna Scherbakova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

Today there is enough scientific research to prove the impact of climate change on agriculture. However, there is no conclusive conclusion as to what is in store for agriculture, its potential will increase or decrease. Significant consequences of the impact of climate change are likely to manifest themselves at the regional level, and this requires additional research for further adaptation of agriculture in the corresponding territory. The aim of the study is to assess changes in agro-climatic indicators at the regional level. The subject is the Komi Republic, located in the extreme northeast of the European part of the country. The chosen research methodology based on statistical processing of agro-climatic indicators for ten meteorological stations in the region for 1960-2018 and economic indicators of productivity and gross harvest of agricultural crops for 1913-2018 due to the large amount of data. Paired regression analysis used accurately interpret the results. The obtained mathematical models evaluated according to the Pearson coefficient, Student’s t-criterion, determination coefficient, F – Fisher’s criterion, so that the results of the study were reliable. For some regions, the consequences of climate change may turn out to be negative in the form of a decrease in food supply, for others - positive, due to an increase in the duration of the growing season and, accordingly, an increase in the potential productivity of agricultural crops. The relevance of the study is because these positive consequences will be especially characteristic for the northern territories. As a result, it revealed that in four agro-climatic regions of the Komi Republic, there were insignificant climatic changes for agriculture over a sixty-year period. An analysis of the yield of vegetables in open ground showed that it increased from 36 to 314 tons per hectare, and the gross yield of the main agricultural crop - potatoes - decreased almost 3 times, but the main reason is the reduction in acreage, and not climate change. However, the trend line for potato yields in the region as a whole shows an upward trend over a 100-year period. The performed paired regression analysis between the selected agro-climatic indicators and the yield of agricultural crops of the republic revealed an average direct relationship only between the yield of vegetables and the duration of the growing season, and the sum of average daily temperatures. Consequently, it is currently impossible to assert that the ongoing climatic changes have a significant impact on agriculture in the Komi Republic

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate Change on the Sugar Content of Grapes and the Sustainability of their Production in the Czech Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Miroslava Navrátilová ◽  
Markéta Beranová ◽  
Lucie Severová ◽  
Karel Šrédl ◽  
Roman Svoboda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Growing Region

The aim of the presented article is to evaluate the impact of climate change on the sugar content of grapes in the Czech Republic during the period 2000–2019 through selected indicators on the basis of available secondary sources. Attention is focused on the developments in both the main wine-growing regions of Moravia and Bohemia. In the field of viticulture and wine-growing, the sugar content of grapes, as a basic parameter for the classification of wines, plays an important role. In the Czech Republic, the average sugar content of grapes has had a constantly growing trend. This trend is evident both in the wine-growing region of Bohemia and in the wine-growing region of Moravia. The impact of climate change, especially the gradual increase of average temperatures in the growing season, cannot be overlooked. It greatly affects, among other things, the sugar content of grapes. Calculations according to the Huglin Index and the Winkler Index were used to determine the relationship between climate and sugar content. These indexes summarize the course of temperatures during the entire vegetation period into a single numerical value. The results show that both indexes describe the effect of air temperature on sugar content in both wine regions of the Czech Republic in a statistically significant way. The Huglin Index shows a higher correlation rate. The Winkler Index proved to be less suitable for both areas. Alternatively, the Winkler Index calculated for a shorter growing season was tested, which showed a higher degree of correlation with sugar content, approaching the significance of the Huglin Index.

Representation of the Angolan low and Southern African Summer Precipitation in the CORDEX and CMIP5 models. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Abba-Omar ◽  
Francesca Raffaele ◽  
Erika Coppola ◽  
Daniela Jacob ◽  
Claas Teichmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Variability ◽  
Cmip5 Models ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rainfall Patterns ◽  
The Impact

<p>The impact of climate change on precipitation over Southern Africa is of particular interest due to its possible devastating societal impacts. To add to this, simulating precipitation is challenging and models tend to show strong biases over this region, especially during the Austral Summer (DJF) months. One of the reasons for this is the mis-representation of the Angolan Low (AL) and its influence on Southern Africa’s Summer precipitation in the models. Therefore, this study aims to explore and compare different models’ ability to capture the AL and its link to precipitation variability as well as consider the impact climate change may have on this link. We also explore how the interaction between ENSO, another important mode of variability for precipitation, and the Angolan Low, impact precipitation, how the models simulate this and whether this could change in the future under climate change. </p><p>We computed the position and strength of the AL in reanalysis data and compared these results to three different model ensembles with varying resolutions. Namely, the CORDEX-CORE ensemble (CCORE), a new phase of CORDEX simulations with higher resolutions (0.22 degrees), the lower resolution (0.44 degrees) CORDEX-phase 1 ensemble (C44) and the CMIP5 models that drive the two RCM ensembles. We also used Self Organizing Maps to group DJF yearly anomaly patterns and identify which combination of ENSO and AL strength scenarios are responsible for particularly wet or dry conditions. Regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationships between precipitation and the AL and ENSO. This analysis was repeated for near (2041-2060) and far (2080-2099) future climate and compared with the present to understand how the strength of the AL, and its connection to precipitation variability and ENSO, changes in the future. </p><p>We found that, in line with previous studies, models with stronger AL tend to produce more rainfall. CCORE tends to simulate a stronger AL than C44 and therefore, higher precipitation biases. However, the regression analysis shows us that CCORE is able to capture the relationship between precipitation and the AL strength variability as well as ENSO better than the other ensembles. We found that generally dry rainfall patterns over Southern Africa are associated with a weak AL and El Nino event whereas wet rainfall patterns occur during a strong AL and La Nina year. While the models are able to capture this, they also tend to show more neutral ENSO conditions associated with these wet and dry patterns which possibly indicates less of a connection between AL strength and ENSO than seen in the observed results. Analysis of the future results indicates that the AL weakens, this is shown across all the ensembles and could be a contributing factor to some of the drying seen. These results have applications in understanding and improving model representation of precipitation over Southern Africa as well as providing some insight into the impact of climate change on precipitation and some of its associated dynamics over this region.</p>

scholarly journals Sensitivity of wheat yields to rise in growing season temperature: Evidences from panel data analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
K. PHILIP ◽  
S.S. ASHA DEVI ◽  
G.K. JHA ◽  
B.M.K. RAJU ◽  
B. SEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact

The impact of climate change on agriculture is well studied yet there is scope for improvement as crop specific and location specific impacts need to be assessed realistically to frame adaptation and mitigation strategies to lessen the adverse effects of climate change. Many researchers have tried to estimate potential impact of climate change on wheat yields using indirect crop simulation modeling techniques. Here, this study estimated the potential impact of climate change on wheat yields using a crop specific panel data set from 1981 to 2010,for six major wheat producing states. The study revealed that 1°C increase in average maximum temperature during the growing season reduces wheat yield by 3 percent. Major share of wheat growth and yield (79%) is attributed to increase in usage of physical inputs specifically fertilizers, machine labour and human labour. The estimated impact was lesser than previously reported studies due to the inclusion of wide range of short-term adaptation strategies to climate change. The results reiterate the necessity of including confluent factors like physical inputs while investigating the impact of climate factors on crop yields.

scholarly journals Climate change causes changes in biochemical markers of renal disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kobina Dadzie Ephraim ◽  
Christopher Amey Asamoah ◽  
ALBERT ABAKA-YAWSON ◽  
Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui ◽  
Samuel Adusei
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Climate change is a significant threat to the health of the Ghanaian people. Evidence abounds in Ghana that temperatures in all the ecological zones are rising, whereas rainfall levels have been generally reducing and patterns are increasingly becoming erratic. The study estimated the impact of climate change on biochemical markers of renal disease.Methods: This study recruited 50 conveniently sampled apparently health peasant farmers and hawkers at the market place at Wa in the Upper West Region of Ghana. A pre-study screening for hepatitis A and C, diabetes, hypertension, was done. Serum creatinine and urea levels were analyzed to rule out kidney defects. Baseline data was collected by means of analysing blood samples for renal function (i.e. urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, eGFR) as well as for hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) concentrations. Anthropometric data such as height, weight and blood pressure were measured. The study participants were closely followed and alerted deep in the dry season for the second data collection as the baseline.Results: This study recruited more males (58.82%) than females (41.15%) , majority (52.92%) of which were aged 25-29 years with the youngest being 22 years and the elders being 35 years. The study found body mass index (p<0.001), systolic blood pressure (p=0.019), creatinine (p<0.001), urea (p=0.013) and eGFR (p<0.001) to be significantly influenced by climate change. Stage 1 hypertension was predominant among the study participants during the dry season, 8 (15.69%) than was observed during the rainy season, 4 (7.84%) nonetheless the number of participants with normal BMI rose from 49.02% in the rainy season to 62.75% during the dry reason. Additionally, the study observed that the impact of climate change on systolic blood pressure and urea varied based on age and sex. Conclusion: This study revealed that climatic changes cause variations in various biochemical parameters which could lead to renal disease. Public health education on climatic changes and its implication including precautionary measures should be done among inhabitants of Wa and its environs to reduce its effect. Additionally, appropriate dietary patterns should also be advised to avoid the development of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and obesity that are known principal causes of CKD.

scholarly journals Impact of climate change on agricultural crops yield on the territory of the Republic of Armenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 03019
Author(s):  
Varduhi Margaryan ◽  
Gennady Tsibulskii ◽  
Elena Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Crops Yield ◽  
The Impact

The article assesses the change in air temperature and precipitation, and also examines the impact of climate change on crop yields in the Republic of Armenia. As a source of information, the actual data of agrometeorological observations of the GEO "Center for Hydrometeorology and Monitoring" of the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Armenia and the National Statistical Service are used. As a result of the study, it turned out that there are trends towards an increase in the average annual values of air temperature and heat provision of crops (in total temperatures above 10.0 ° C). In the studied area, there are no regular changes in the amount of atmospheric precipitation over the year. The impact of climate change will only worsen and lead to various problems in water industry, agriculture, energy, health and other sectors. In the republic in 2000-2018 are observed of both the gross harvest and agricultural crops yield increase, with the exception of the tobacco crop. However, this does not mean that agricultural crops are not affected by climate change.

Using a water budget model to anticipate the impact of climate change on groundwater recharge at the regional scale in cold and humid climates - example of southern Quebec (Canada)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Dubois ◽  
Marie Larocque ◽  
Sylvain Gagné
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Budget Model ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;In cold and humid climates, rivers and superficial water bodies are often fed by groundwater with relatively constant inflows that are most visible during the summer (limited net precipitation) and the winter (limited runoff and infiltration). The harsh winter &amp;#8211; short growing season succession could be drastically affected by climate change. Although water is abundant, extreme low flows are expected in the near future, most likely due to warmer summer temperatures, increased summer PET and possible lower summer precipitation. It is thus crucial to provide stakeholders with scenarios of future groundwater recharge (GWR) to anticipate the impacts of climate change on groundwater resources at the regional scale. This study aims to test the contributions of a superficial water budget model to estimate the impact of climate change on the regional GWR. The methodology is tested in a forested and agricultural region of southern Quebec, located between the St. Lawrence River and the Canada-USA border, and between the Quebec-Ontario border and Quebec City (36,000 km&amp;#178;). Scenarios of GWR for the region are simulated with the HydroBudget model, performing a transient-state spatialized superficial water budget, and 12 climate scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5, 1951-2100 period). The model was previously calibrated in the study area for the 1961-2017 period and provides spatially distributed runoff, actual evapotranspiration, and GWR fluxes at a 500 x 500 m resolution with a monthly time step. Climate scenarios show warming of the annual temperature from +2 to +5&amp;#176;C and up to 20% increase of annual precipitation at the 2100 horizon compared to the 1981-2010 reference period. By the end of the century, the number of days above 0&amp;#176;C could double between November and April, dividing by almost two the quantity of snow during winter. The clear trends of warming temperature leads to a clear actual evapotranspiration (AET) increase while the increasing variability in annual precipitation translates into more variable annual runoff and GWR. Although no annual GWR decrease is simulated, an increase of winter GWR (up to x2) is expected, linked to warmer winters and unfrozen soils, followed by a decrease for the rest of the year, linked to a longer growing season producing higher AET rates. Although simple in its simulation process, the use of a superficial water budget model simulating soil frost provides new insights into the possible future trends in the different hydrologic variables based on a robust understanding of past condition. Aside from providing scenarios of spatialized GWR (also runoff and AET) at the 2100 horizon for a large region, this study shows that a simple water budget model is an appropriate and affordable tool to provide stakeholders with useful data for water management in a changing climate.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on Walnut Production in Biara Sub-District

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-506
Author(s):  
Pshtiwan Gharib Ghafur ◽  
Zhyan Sleman Hama ◽  
Khanda Saed Tofiq
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Irrigation Projects ◽  
The Impact

In this research is conducted about the impact of climate change on walnut production in Biara Sub-district. Descriptive – analytical method was utilized to obtain the proposed objectives by using SPSS – 16. The predominant objective of this analysis is to illustrate the inevitable impact of climate change on the walnut production in 1973-2017. The results on which the study was based on are Pearson Correlation which demonstrates that there is an indirect correlation between temperature and walnut production, and an equivalent relation with precipitation. For instance, in Multiple Regression Analysis, the impact of temperature and precipitation on small walnut trees is 4%, and on medium walnut trees is 25.8%, whereas on big walnut trees it is 24.8%. Moreover, in Coefficient of Determination, the effect of temperature on small walnut trees is 3.4%, on medium and large walnut trees increase to 18.6% and 24.7% respectively. However, precipitation impact is less than 1%, except medium walnut trees is less than 6%. The apparent wide gaps between temperature and precipitation which affects production is due to low topographic elevation and the presence of 82 springs in the study area. Additionally, an increase in temperature, a decrease in precipitation and subfreezing temperatures, in other words, chill dates, in spring time, ultimately leads to an increase in hazardous insects such as stem worms and beetle. These issues could be solved through selecting different varieties of walnuts and planting at higher elevation, construct more irrigation projects and regular irrigation, in particular during drought seasons, improving agricultural facilities and importing sufficient pesticides to tackle walnut trees diseases, is also among the precautionary methods.

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on Temperate and Alpine Grasslands in China during 1982–2006

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjin Shen ◽  
Binhui Liu ◽  
Guangdi Li ◽  
Daowei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Temperate Grasslands ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Alpine Steppe ◽  
The Impact

Based on GIMMS NDVI and climate data from 1982 to 2006, this study analyzed the impact of climate change on grassland in China. During the growing season, there were significant effects of precipitation on the growth of all the grassland types (P<0.05), except for meadow vegetation. For the air temperatures, there existed asymmetrical effects of maximum temperature (Tmax) and minimum temperature (Tmin) on grassland vegetation, especially for the temperate grasslands and alpine steppe. The growing season NDVI correlated negatively withTmaxbut positively withTminfor temperate grasslands. Seasonally, these opposite effects were only observed in summer. For alpine steppe, the growing season NDVI correlated positively withTmaxbut negatively withTmin, and this pattern of asymmetrical responses was only obvious in spring and autumn. Under the background of global asymmetric warming, more attention should be paid to this asymmetric response of grassland vegetation to daytime and night-time warming, especially when we want to predict the productivity of China’s grasslands in the future.

scholarly journals The impact of climatic changes on forming the corn productivity in the western forest-steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
A. Polevoy ◽  
◽  
T. Kostiukievych ◽  
А. Tolmachova ◽  
О. Zhygailo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Corn Productivity ◽  
The Impact

The impact of climatic changes on forming the corn productivity in the western forest-steppe of Ukraine The article presents the results of assessing the impact of climate changes on the corn productivity formation in the western forest-steppe of Ukraine. For studying the RCP6.0 scenario of possible climate changes for the period up to 2050 was used. A dynamic model of the agricultural crops productivity developed by A.Polevoy was used as a research apparatus. Keywords: corn, climate change, crop productivity, leaf area, RCP 6.0 scenario.

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