scholarly journals Measurements of Local Sources of Particulates with a Portable Monitor along the Coast of an Insular City

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Christos Petsas ◽  
Marinos Stylianou ◽  
Antonis Zorpas ◽  
Agapios Agapiou
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Portable Monitor ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Anthropogenic Processes ◽  
The City ◽  
Coastal Front

The air quality of modern cities is considered an important factor for the quality of life of humans and therefore is being safeguarded by various international organizations, concentrating on the mass concentration of particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10, 2.5 and 1 μm. However, the different physical and anthropogenic processes and activities within the city contribute to the rise of fine (<1 μm) and coarse (>1 μm) particles, directly impacting human health and the environment. In order to monitor certain natural and anthropogenic events, suspecting their significant contribution to PM concentrations, seven different events taking place on the coastal front of the city of Limassol (Cyprus) were on-site monitored using a portable PM instrument; these included both natural (e.g., dust event) and anthropogenic (e.g., cement factory, meat festival, tall building construction, tire factory, traffic jam, dust road) emissions taking place in spring and summer periods. The violations of the limits that were noticed were attributed mainly to the various anthropogenic activities taking place on-site, revealing once more the need for further research and continuous monitoring of air quality.

scholarly journals Impacts of Anthropogenic Factors on Urban Air Quality in Lagos Metropolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Peter Nkashi AGAN
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Industrial Land ◽  
The City

Land use is the utilization and reordering of land cover for human comfort. This process disrupts the pristine state of the environment reducing the quality of environmental receptors like water, air, vegetation etc. Air pollution is introduced into the environment as a result of anthropogenic activities from commercial, industrial and residential areas. These activities are burning of fossil fuels for power generation, transport of goods and services, valorization of raw materials into finished products, bush burning, use of gas cookers, generators and electric stove etc. The introduction of pollutants into the planetary layer of the atmosphere has impacted negatively on the quality of the environment posing threat to humans and the survival of the ecosystem. In Lagos metropolis, commercial activities and high population densities have caused elevated levels of pollution in the city. This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of pollutant in Lagos metropolis with a view to revealing the marked spatial/temporal difference in pollutants levels over residential, commercial and industrial land uses. Commercial and industrial land uses revealed higher levels of pollutants than the residential areas. Pearson product moment correlation coefficients revealed strong positive relationship between land use and air quality in the city.

scholarly journals Contribution of Local and Transboundary Air Pollution to the Urban Air Quality of Fukuoka, Japan

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Ayako Yoshino ◽  
Akinori Takami ◽  
Keiichiro Hara ◽  
Chiharu Nishita-Hara ◽  
Masahiko Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Gaseous Species ◽  
Transboundary Air Pollution ◽  
Local Air Pollution ◽  
The City

Transboundary air pollution (TAP) and local air pollution (LAP) influence the air quality of urban areas. Fukuoka, located on the west side of Japan and affected by TAP from the Asian continent, is a unique example for understanding the contribution of LAP and TAP. Gaseous species and particulate matter (PM) were measured for approximately three weeks in Fukuoka in the winter of 2018. We classified two distinctive periods, LAP and TAP, based on wind speed. The classification was supported by variations in the concentration of gaseous species and by backward trajectories. Most air pollutants, including NOx and PM, were high in the LAP period and low in the TAP period. However, ozone was the exception. Therefore, our findings suggest that reducing local emissions is necessary. Ozone was higher in the TAP period, and the variation in ozone concentration was relatively small, indicating that ozone was produced outside of the city and transported to Fukuoka. Thus, air pollutants must also be reduced at a regional scale, including in China.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR MONITORING AIR POLLUTION FROM VEHICLES (CASE STUDY OF ST. PETERSBURG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
V. N. Lozhkin ◽  
◽  
O. V. Lozhkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Information Process ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Standard Limit ◽  
The City ◽  
Original Information

Introduction. St. Petersburg is the cultural and sea capital of Russia. The city is characterized by environmental problems typical for the largest cities in the world. It has a technical system for instrumental online monitoring and computational forecasting of air quality. Methods. The system maintains the information process by means of computational monitoring of its current and future state. Results. The paper describes methodological approaches to the generation of instrumental information about the structure and intensity of traffic flows in the urban road network and its digital transformation into GIS maps of air pollution in terms of pollutants standard limit values excess. Conclusion. The original information technology for air quality control was introduced at the regional level in the form of an official methodology and is used in environmental management activities.

scholarly journals Impact of Landuses on Air and Water Quality- A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (Special issue 1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
KALYANI SUPRIYA ◽  
R K AGGARWAL ◽  
S K BHARDWAJ
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Land Use Impact

Landuse alteration is one of the primary causes of global environmental change. Changes in the landuse usually occurred regionally and globally over last few decades and will carry on in the future as well. These activities are highly influenced by anthropogenic activities and have more serious consequences on the quality of water and air. In the present study relationship between land use impact on water and air quality have been reviewed.

Variability of trends observed in Atmospheric Aerosol optical properties over Pune, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Das ◽  
Govindan Pandithurai
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Negative Slope ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Aerosol Optical Properties ◽  
The City ◽  
Monthly Variations

&lt;p&gt;Long term trends of various aerosol optical properties are observed over the city of Pune, the ninth most populated city in India using ground and satellite based instruments such as AERONET, MODIS (Aqua and Terra), MISR, CALIOP and reanalysis tool MERRA. Annually, the Aerosol Optical Depth is observed to be increasing over all the types of instruments (2004-17) with values of 0.01 to 0.006 yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, whereas the Angstrom exponent has a negative slope (AERONET) which suggests that the fine aerosols are decreasing. Single scattering albedo (SSA) is also increasing (0.00657 yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), which means the emission of smaller darker particles like soot has decreased over the years. MISR shows that the Absorbing AOD trend is decreasing in the overall study period (-0.0001237 yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). All these annual trends are related to anthropogenic activities and show differing trends before and after 2008, the year when various pollution counter measures were introduced mainly in Pune and also in various nearby areas. After 2008, the AOD increasing slope reduces, and the AAOD reverses the trend from positive to a negative slope. The average height till various kinds of aerosols reach and their vertical profile is studied using CALIOP data. Monthly variations of AOD and their vertical distribution also observed and discussed. Aerosol characterization is done using the MERRA tool into dust, sea salt, sulfates, elementary carbon, and organic carbon. Their monthly variations are explained by source characterizations using the HySplit model. In summer, air from the Arabian sea brings in dust and sea salt into the city and in winter, aerosols come from central India dominantly as carbon and sulfates changing the air quality over there. This study lays its stress on the fact that even though aerosols cover over a city is mostly non-local, anthropogenic activities of that area do play a significant role and here the city of Pune is a role model to show how measures can be taken to improve air quality over any urban area.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Sustainable Development and Quality of Life in the City on the Example of Research in Poland and Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Hubert Kotarski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Young People ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Professional Aspirations ◽  
The One ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

The issue of sustainable development combined with the quality of life of the inhabitants is one of the key problems of modern cities. Poland and Ukraine are two closest neighbours. Rzeszow and Lviv are both university cities, which are also partner cities. The main aim of the research was to learn the opinions of students of the University of Rzeszow and the Ivan Franko University of Lviv on selected problems related to the quality of life in Rzeszow and Lviv, as well as personal and professional aspirations of students in Poland and the Ukraine. The purpose of the study was both cognitive and practical, i.e. on the one hand it focused on obtaining information on specific topics related to various aspects of the quality of life in the city and the aspirations of young people, and on the other hand it attempted at obtaining information that could be useful for both university and city authorities in the context of exploiting the significant potential of young people living in these cities.Keywords: sustainable development, quality of life, students, Poland, Ukraine

scholarly journals Air quality indication in Blace (Southeastern Serbia) using lichens as bioindicators

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Stamenkovic ◽  
Svetlana Ristic ◽  
Tatjana Djekic ◽  
Tatjana Mitrovic ◽  
Rada Baosic
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Epiphytic Lichens ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Normal Zone ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City ◽  
Southeastern Serbia

Air quality investigations have not been undertaken in Blace until now. Identifying the presence of different types of epiphytic lichens was performed in the summer 2012 in Blace (southeastern Serbia), and selected rural settlements around Blace, in order to establish the air quality of the area. The analysis of samples from described localities indicated the presence of 25 lichen taxa from 19 genera. Using the Index of Atmospheric Purity (IAP), it was found that there are 2 different air pollution zones in Blace: ?lichen desert? and ?transitional? or ?struggle zone?, which includes the periphery of the city. In these zones the air is moderately polluted. In the urban area of Blace there is no ?normal? zone, but one was detected in the surrounding rural areas.

scholarly journals The influence of COVID-19 on air quality in Brasov

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Larisa Blaga ◽  
Dan Savescu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
The City

Population health and air quality represents the objective of nowadays. Environmental pollution represents its deterioration and involves altering the chemical and structural characteristics of the natural and anthropogenic components of the environment, diminishing the diversity or biological productivity of natural ecosystems, affecting the natural environment with effects on quality of life, mainly caused by pollution. Environmental monitoring becomes a systematic and methodical concern, achieved through various measurement systems, in order to ensure the efficient management of all social activities. The Covid-19 pandemic has left its mark on air quality, reducing the amount of harmful compounds. Consequences of "lockdown" caused by the COVID-19 have been studied in the city Brasov, from Romania country, where the amount of suspended particles of 10 microns, respectively 25 microns.

scholarly journals Air Quality Into Cabin Environment of Different Passenger Cars: Effect of Car Usage, Fuel Type and Ventilation/Infiltration Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos I Tolis ◽  
Tilemachos Karanotas ◽  
Grigoris Svolakis ◽  
George Panaras ◽  
John G. Bartzis
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Traffic Emission ◽  
Cabin Environment ◽  
The City

Abstract Despite that commuters spend only 5.5% of their time in cabin vehicles, their exposure to harmful air pollutants, originated from the vehicle itself, and traffic emission is considered significant. In this study, two passenger cars with different type of fuels, were investigated in terms of air quality and thermal comfort of their cabin. Investigation was performed in the city of Kozani, Northern Greece. Moreover, air samples near the exhausts were taken, in order to compare concentration of compounds found indoors. 12 VOCs, and CO2 were measured inside the cabin when the cars were stopped, when idle, and when they were cruising in medium and heavy traffic roads, under various ventilated conditions. Thermal comfort was investigated while driving the cars through the city traffic. Results showed that the air around the diesel exhaust is less affected by emissions from the engine compared to LPG fuel. This is reflected to the TVOC measured into the cabin. Results also revealed that the air quality of a diesel fuel moving car with open windows is only affected by the traffic emissions from neighboring vehicles, while for the car with LPG fuel, the self-pollution from its own exhaust might contribute together with the outdoor air.

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