scholarly journals The Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT): A Contribution to Italian Validation with Teachers’

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9065
Author(s):  
Giacomo Angelini ◽  
Ilaria Buonomo ◽  
Paula Benevene ◽  
Piermarco Consiglio ◽  
Luciano Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
School Context ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
Risk Levels

This study aims to validate the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) adapted to the Italian education sector. Teacher burnout is physical and emotional pain, due to prolonged exposure to school-related stress factors. Previous research has abundantly proven that preventive assessment of teachers’ risk level for burnout may reduce adverse outcomes. In this regard, new assessment tools, able to bring together evidence from fifty years of research on this topic, were mainly used to monitor burnout-risk levels in the school context. For the present work, 846 Italian teachers (Female, 91.1%; M age = 47.52; SD = 9.94) were involved in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a four-factor structure for the core dimensions (BAT-C; exhaustion, mental distance, emotional impairment, cognitive impairment), and a two-factor structure for the secondary dimensions (BAT-S; psychological distress, psychosomatic complaints). The Italian version of the BAT-C and BAT-S has shown good internal consistency (respectively, α = 0.900 and ω = 0.913; α = 0.845 and ω = 0.857) and validity (all correlations between variables showed a p value < 0.01). Our findings support the Italian adaptation of the original version of the BAT as a valid instrument for measuring teachers’ burnout through principal and secondary symptoms.

scholarly journals Early identification of severe community-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances S Grudzinska ◽  
Kerrie Aldridge ◽  
Sian Hughes ◽  
Peter Nightingale ◽  
Dhruv Parekh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Early Warning Score ◽  
News Medium ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Early Warning Scores

BackgroundCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of sepsis worldwide. Prompt identification of those at high risk of adverse outcomes improves survival by enabling early escalation of care. There are multiple severity assessment tools recommended for risk stratification; however, there is no consensus as to which tool should be used for those with CAP. We sought to assess whether pneumonia-specific, generic sepsis or early warning scores were most accurate at predicting adverse outcomes.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of all cases of CAP admitted to a large, adult tertiary hospital in the UK between October 2014 and January 2016. All cases of CAP were eligible for inclusion and were reviewed by a senior respiratory physician to confirm the diagnosis. The association between the CURB65, Lac-CURB-65, quick Sequential (Sepsis-related) Organ Failure Assessment tool (qSOFA) score and National Early Warning Score (NEWS) at the time of admission and outcome measures including intensive care admission, length of hospital stay, in-hospital, 30-day, 90-day and 365-day all-cause mortality was assessed.Results1545 cases were included with 30-day mortality of 19%. Increasing score was significantly associated with increased risk of poor outcomes for all four tools. Overall accuracy assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was significantly greater for the CURB65 and Lac-CURB-65 scores than qSOFA. At admission, a CURB65 ≥2, Lac-CURB-65 ≥moderate, qSOFA ≥2 and NEWS ≥medium identified 85.0%, 96.4%, 40.3% and 79.0% of those who died within 30 days, respectively. A Lac-CURB-65 ≥moderate had the highest negative predictive value: 95.6%.ConclusionAll four scoring systems can stratify according to increasing risk in CAP; however, when a confident diagnosis of pneumonia can be made, these data support the use of pneumonia-specific tools rather than generic sepsis or early warning scores.

scholarly journals Pre-Service Teachers’ Assessment of Student Learning In Science Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Edsel O Coronado
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Teacher Education Institution ◽  
Assessment Of Student Learning

This research was conducted to examine the tools, strategies, and problems encountered in assessing student learning by pre-service teachers in science during their on-and-off campus clinical experience. An explanatory sequential mixed method design was used in the study. Three instruments were used in this study: The Assessment Checklist for Student Teachers in Science, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) Questions, and the In-depth Interview Questions. 17 pre-service teachers participated from one teacher education institution. Findings of the study using Kruskal-Wallis One-way Analysis of Variance and Thematical Analysis using Phenomenological Reduction Method revealed the assessment tools used most frequently and least frequently, assessment strategies, and the problems encountered by pre-service teachers in science in assessing student learning. The findings also revealed that there was a significant difference in the use of rubric (p value=0.045) as the least frequently used assessment tool by pre-service teachers in science when grouped according to specialization.

scholarly journals N-PASS Versus mPAT in Assessment and Management of Neonatal Pain at Neonatal ICUs in Palestine

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khamis Elessi ◽  
Shireen Abed ◽  
Tayseer Jamal Afifi ◽  
Rawan Utt ◽  
Mahmood Elblbessy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
P Value ◽  
Neonatal Pain

Background: Neonates frequently experience pain as a result of diagnostic or therapeutic interventions or as a result of a disease process. Neonates cannot verbalize their pain experience and depend on others to recognize, assess and manage their pain. Neonates may suffer immediate or long-term consequences of unrelieved pain. Accurate assessment of pain is essential to provide adequate management. Observational scales, which include physiological and behavioral responses to pain, are available to aid consistent pain management. Pain assessment is considered as the fifth vital sign. Objectives: Aims of the present study were (1) to compare two commonly cited neonatal pain assessment tools, Neonatal Pain, Agitation and Sedation Scale (N-PASS) and modified Pain Assessment Tool (mPAT), with regard to their psychometric qualities, (2) to explore intuitive clinicians' ratings by relating them to the tools' items and (3) to ensure that neonates receive adequate pain control. Methods: Two coders applied both pain assessment tools to 850 neonates while undergoing a painful or a stressful procedure. Each neonate was assessed before, during and after the procedure. The evaluation before and after the procedure was done using NPASS, while pain score during the procedure was assessed by mPAT. Analyses of variances and regression analyses were used to investigate whether tools could discriminate between the procedures and whether tools' items were predictors of pain severity. Results: Internal consistency, reliability and validity were high for both assessment tools. N-PASS tool discriminated between painful and stressful situations better than mPAT. There was no relation between the age of neonate and the pain score. Moreover, P-value was statistically significant between mPAT score and post procedural assessment score as well as between pre and post procedural assessment scores. Conclusion: Both assessment tools performed equally well regarding physiologic parameters. However, N-PASS makes it possible to assess pain during sedation. It was noticed that gaps exist between practitioner knowledge and attitude regarding neonatal pain.

scholarly journals Improving classification based on physical surface tension-neural net for the prediction of psychosocial-risk level in public school teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e511
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Mosquera Navarro ◽  
Omar Danilo Castrillón ◽  
Liliana Parra Osorio ◽  
Tiago Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Novais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Neural Net ◽  
State School ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Physical Surface

Background Psychosocial risks, also present in educational processes, are stress factors particularly critical in state-schools, affecting the efficacy, stress, and job satisfaction of the teachers. This study proposes an intelligent algorithm to improve the prediction of psychosocial risk, as a tool for the generation of health and risk prevention assistance programs. Methods The proposed approach, Physical Surface Tension-Neural Net (PST-NN), applied the theory of superficial tension in liquids to an artificial neural network (ANN), in order to model four risk levels (low, medium, high and very high psychosocial risk). The model was trained and tested using the results of tests for measurement of the psychosocial risk levels of 5,443 teachers. Psychosocial, and also physiological and musculoskeletal symptoms, factors were included as inputs of the model. The classification efficiency of the PST-NN approach was evaluated by using the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and ROC curve metrics, and compared against other techniques as the Decision Tree model, Naïve Bayes, ANN, Support Vector Machines, Robust Linear Regression and the Logistic Regression Model. Results The modification of the ANN model, by the adaptation of a layer that includes concepts related to the theory of physical surface tension, improved the separation of the subjects according to the risk level group, as a function of the mass and perimeter outputs. Indeed, the PST-NN model showed better performance to classify psychosocial risk level on state-school teachers than the linear, probabilistic and logistic models included in this study, obtaining an average accuracy value of 97.31%. Conclusions The introduction of physical models, such as the physical surface tension, can improve the classification performance of ANN. Particularly, the PST-NN model can be used to predict and classify psychosocial risk levels among state-school teachers at work. This model could help to early identification of psychosocial risk and to the development of programs to prevent it.

scholarly journals Objective Assessment of Microsurgery Competency—In Search of a Validated Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (02) ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
Sheeja Rajan ◽  
Ranjith Sathyan ◽  
L. S. Sreelesh ◽  
Anu Anto Kallerey ◽  
Aarathy Antharjanam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Skill Assessment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Skills Acquisition

AbstractMicrosurgical skill acquisition is an integral component of training in plastic surgery. Current microsurgical training is based on the subjective Halstedian model. An ideal microsurgery assessment tool should be able to deconstruct all the subskills of microsurgery and assess them objectively and reliably. For our study, to analyze the feasibility, reliability, and validity of microsurgery skill assessment, a video-based objective structured assessment of technical skill tool was chosen. Two blinded experts evaluated 40 videos of six residents performing microsurgical anastomosis for arteriovenous fistula surgery. The generic Reznick's global rating score (GRS) and University of Western Ontario microsurgical skills acquisition/assessment (UWOMSA) instrument were used as checklists. Correlation coefficients of 0.75 to 0.80 (UWOMSA) and 0.71 to 0.77 (GRS) for interrater and intrarater reliability showed that the assessment tools were reliable. Convergent validity of the UWOMSA tool with the prevalidated GRS tool showed good agreement. The mean improvement of scores with years of residency was measured with analysis of variance. Both UWOMSA (p-value: 0.034) and GRS (p-value: 0.037) demonstrated significant improvement in scores from postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) to PGY2 and a less marked improvement from PGY2 to PGY3. We conclude that objective assessment of microsurgical skills in an actual clinical setting is feasible. Tools like UWOMSA are valid and reliable for microsurgery assessment and provide feedback to chart progression of learning. Acceptance and validation of such objective assessments will help to improve training and bring uniformity to microsurgery education.

Early Recognition of Pediatric Venous Thromboembolism: A Risk-Assessment Tool

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea S. Prentiss
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
P Value ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Patients At Risk

Background The incidence of venous thromboembolism in children has increased dramatically, with most cases occurring in children with cancer, surgery, trauma, congenital heart disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Early assessment of risk factors present in children would minimize morbidity and mortality from these events. Objectives To evaluate the reliability and validity of a tool for assessing risk for venous thromboembolism in children. Methods The tool was developed after a review of the literature with assessment of content validity by a multidisciplinary team of experts. Patients’ charts were reviewed retrospectively to establish reliability and validity of the tool. A P value less than .05 was considered statistically significant. Results Thirty-five charts were assessed for tool validity and were found to be statistically significant for all 3 risk score assessment categories. Logistic regression was used to assess 1001 patients’ charts for internal consistency, which was found to be high (χ25[n = 1001] = 100.6, P &lt; .001). Results indicated that most patients at risk for venous thromboembolism were between the ages of 13 and 17 years, with females having more than 7 times greater risk than males. Conclusions Descriptive statistics show that the assessment tool displays strong reliability and validity. Results validated a significant relationship between the risk score and the incidence of venous thromboembolism. Findings suggest that use of the assessment tool could significantly reduce adverse outcomes associated with venous thromboembolism in children.

The prospects of occupational risk management during reforms of regulatory legislation basis

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim B. Alekseev ◽  
Nina V. Zaitseva ◽  
Pavel Z. Shur
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Work Safety ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Legal Principles

Despite wide legislation basis of regulating relations in work safety and workers’ health, one third of workplaces demonstrate exceeded allowable normal levels of workers’ exposure to occupational hazards and present occupational risk for health disorders.In accordance to national legislation acts, evaluation should cover factors of occupational environment and working process, and occupational risk is understood in context of mandatory social insurance. This approach has been formed due to mostly compensatory trend in legal principles of work safety in Russia by now. Implementation of new preventive concept of work safety, based on idea of risk management for workers, necessitates development of legal acts that regulate requirements to evaluation of occupational risk and its reports with consideration of changes in Federal Law on 30 March 1999 №52 FZ “On sanitary epidemiologic well-being of population”.Those acts can include Sanitary Rules and Regulations “Evaluation of occupational risk for workers’ health”, that will contain main principles of risk assessment, requirements to risk assessment, including its characteristics which can serve as a basis of categorizing the risk levels with acceptability.To standardize requirements for informing a worker on the occupational risk, the expediency is specification of sanitary rules “Notifying a worker on occupational risk”. These rules should contain requirements: to a source of data on occupational risk level at workplace, to informational content and to ways of notifying the worker. Specification and implementation of the stated documents enable to fulfil legal requirements completely on work safety — that will provide preservation and increase of efficiency in using work resources.

HPV Prevalence and its Association with Perinatal Outcomes among Singleton Mothers: Analysis of Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS) Data, 2004-2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harpriya Kaur ◽  
Delf Schmidt-Grimminger ◽  
Baojiang Chen ◽  
K.M. Monirul Islam ◽  
Steven W. Remmenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pregnancy Risk

Background: Pregnancy may increase the risk of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection because of pregnancy induced immune suppression. The objective of this study was to use a large population-based dataset to estimate the prevalence of HPV infection and its association with adverse outcomes among pregnant women. Methods: We analyzed Pregnancy Risk Monitoring System data from 2004-2011 (N=26,085) to estimate the self-reported HPV infection. Survey logistic procedures were used to examine the relationship between HPV infection and adverse perinatal outcomes. Results: Approximately 1.4% of women were estimated to have HPV infection during their pregnancy. The prevalence of adverse outcomes in this sample was preterm birth (8.4%), preeclampsia (7.5%), low birth weight (6.3%) and premature rupture of membranes (2.8%). Compared to women without HPV infection, HPV infection positive women were much more likely to have had other infections such as chlamydia (9.23% vs. 2.12%, p-value <.0001), Group B Strep (21.7% vs. 10.04%, p-value <.0001), and herpes (7.17% vs. 1.07%, p-value <.0001). After adjusting for other risk factors including other infections, HPV infection was significantly associated with low birth weight (OR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.14-3.30). Conclusion: The study indicated a potential association between HPV infection and low birth weight. Because pregnant women with HPV infection are at higher risk of other infections, future research may focus on the roles of co-infection in the development of adverse perinatal effects.

scholarly journals Concussion in para sport: the first position statement of the Concussion in Para Sport (CIPS) Group

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-103696
Author(s):  
Richard Weiler ◽  
Cheri Blauwet ◽  
David Clarke ◽  
Kristine Dalton ◽  
Wayne Derman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Concussion Management ◽  
Rule Changes ◽  
Specific Rule ◽  
And Performance

Concussion is a frequent injury in many sports and is also common in para athletes. However, there is a paucity of concussion research related to para sport, and prior International Concussion in Sport (CIS) consensus papers have not substantively addressed this population. To remedy this and to improve concussion care provided to para athletes, the concussion in para sport (CIPS) multidisciplinary expert group was created. This group analysed and discussed in-depth para athlete-specific issues within the established key clinical domains of the current (2017) consensus statement on CIS. Due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the group held all meetings by video conferencing. The existing Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT5) for the immediate on-field and office-based off-field assessment of concussion was evaluated as part of this process, to identify any para athlete-specific concerns. Regular preparticipation and periodic health examinations are essential to determine a baseline reference point for concussion symptoms but pose additional challenges for the interpreting clinician. Further considerations for concussion management for the para athlete are required within the remove, rest, reconsider and refer consensus statement framework. Considering return to sport (RTS), the 2017 CIS consensus statement has limitations when considering the RTS of the para athlete. Case-by-case decision making related to RTS following concussion is imperative for para athletes. Additional challenges exist for the evaluation and management of concussion in para athletes. There is a need for greater understanding of existing knowledge gaps and attitudes towards concussion among athlete medical staff, coaches and para athletes. Future research should investigate the use and performance of common assessment tools in the para athlete population to better guide their clinical application and inform potential modifications. Concussion prevention strategies and sport-specific rule changes, such as in Para Alpine Skiing and Cerebral Palsy Football, also should be carefully considered to reduce the occurrence of concussion in para athletes.

Applying the risk principle to optimize accuracy and equity in correctional risk assessment: Results From a Simulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2098652
Author(s):  
Grant Duwe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Risk Principle ◽  
Changes In Risk ◽  
The Impact

As the use of risk assessments for correctional populations has grown, so has concern that these instruments exacerbate existing racial and ethnic disparities. While much of the attention arising from this concern has focused on how algorithms are designed, relatively little consideration has been given to how risk assessments are used. To this end, the present study tests whether application of the risk principle would help preserve predictive accuracy while, at the same time, mitigate disparities. Using a sample of 9,529 inmates released from Minnesota prisons who had been assessed multiple times during their confinement on a fully-automated risk assessment, this study relies on both actual and simulated data to examine the impact of program assignment decisions on changes in risk level from intake to release. The findings showed that while the risk principle was used in practice to some extent, the simulated results showed that greater adherence to the risk principle would increase reductions in risk levels and minimize the disparities observed at intake. The simulated data further revealed the most favorable outcomes would be achieved by not only applying the risk principle, but also by expanding program capacity for the higher-risk inmates in order to adequately reduce their risk.

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