scholarly journals Wastewater Based Microbial Biorefinery for Bioenergy Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9214
Author(s):  
Shashi Kant Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Global Population

A continuous increase in global population is demanding more development and industrialization, which leads to the production of various waste such as municipal wastewater, agricultural waste, industrial waste, medical waste, electronic wastes, etc [...]

scholarly journals Comparison of Different Electricity-Based Thermal Pretreatment Methods for Enhanced Bioenergy Production from Municipal Sludge

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hosseini Koupaie ◽  
T. Johnson ◽  
C. Eskicioglu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
P Value ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Rf Heating ◽  
Thermal Pretreatment ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Sequential Pretreatment

This paper presents results for a comprehensive study that compares the performance of three electricity-based thermal pretreatment methods for improving the effectiveness of anaerobic digestion (AD) to process municipal wastewater sludge. The study compares thermal pretreatment using conventional heating (CH), microwave (MW), and radio frequency (RF) heating techniques. The effectiveness of the pretreatment methods was assessed in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biopolymers solubilization, AD bioenergy production, input electrical energy, and overall net energy production of the sequential pretreatment/AD process. The heating applicators for the bench-scale testing consisted of a custom-built pressure-sealed heating vessel for CH experiments, an off-the-shelf programmable MW oven operating at a frequency of 2.45 GHz for MW heating experiments, and a newly developed 1 kW RF heating system operating at a frequency of 13.56 MHz for RF heating experiments. Under identical thermal profiles, all three thermal pretreatment methods achieved similar sludge disintegration in terms of COD and biopolymer solubilization as well as AD bioenergy production (p-value > 0.05). According to the energy assessment results, the application of CH and MW pretreatments resulted in overall negative energy production, while positive net energy production was obtained through the sequential pretreatment/AD process utilizing RF pretreatment.

scholarly journals Extraction of Value-Added Minerals from Various Agricultural, Industrial and Domestic Wastes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6333
Author(s):  
Virendra Kumar Yadav ◽  
Krishna Kumar Yadav ◽  
Vineet Tirth ◽  
Govindhan Gnanamoorthy ◽  
Nitin Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
Coconut Shells

Environmental pollution is one of the major concerns throughout the world. The rise of industrialization has increased the generation of waste materials, causing environmental degradation and threat to the health of living beings. To overcome this problem and effectively handle waste materials, proper management skills are required. Waste as a whole is not only waste, but it also holds various valuable materials that can be used again. Such useful materials or elements need to be segregated and recovered using sustainable recovery methods. Agricultural waste, industrial waste, and household waste have the potential to generate different value-added products. More specifically, the industrial waste like fly ash, gypsum waste, and red mud can be used for the recovery of alumina, silica, and zeolites. While agricultural waste like rice husks, sugarcane bagasse, and coconut shells can be used for recovery of silica, calcium, and carbon materials. In addition, domestic waste like incense stick ash and eggshell waste that is rich in calcium can be used for the recovery of calcium-related products. In agricultural, industrial, and domestic sectors, several raw materials are used; therefore, it is of high economic interest to recover valuable minerals and to process them and convert them into merchandisable products. This will not only decrease environmental pollution, it will also provide an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach for materials synthesis. These value-added materials can be used for medicine, cosmetics, electronics, catalysis, and environmental cleanup.

Integration of microalgae cultivation with industrial waste remediation for biofuel and bioenergy production: opportunities and limitations

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 231-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. McGinn ◽  
Kathryn E. Dickinson ◽  
Shabana Bhatti ◽  
Jean-Claude Frigon ◽  
Serge R. Guiot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Waste Remediation

scholarly journals Water Pollution Management and detection techniques: a Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
Saniya Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Pollution Management ◽  
Water Pollution Management ◽  
The Given

Now a day’s water pollution became a national and global issue not only in India but over the whole world. Like India other countries are also facing the same problem of water pollution due to agricultural waste, industrial waste, sewage waste and so on. In this paper it has been explained clearly with the help of considerable number of references. It gives the information about the pollutants which pollutes the water. Sensors have a ability to Control and monitor the quality of water as well as able to detect the contaminants added due to human generating activities. Sensors can be used for the selection and identification of the techniques which will be suitable for performing the given task that is identification of pollutants present in water. Various pollutants found in water are pesticides, harmful chemicals, heavy metals, nutrients, etc. We will also going to discuss about the different techniques used for water pollution detections. Tethered.

scholarly journals Respon Oksigen Terlarut Terhadap Pencemaran dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Keberadaan Sumber Daya Ikan di Sungai Citarum

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Yayuk Sugianti ◽  
Lismining Pujiyani Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Main Flow ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
Attention Parameter

ABSTRACTThe concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) be the most attention parameter because can reflect the water quality and the health of aquatic ecosystems. Along the main flow of Citarum river conditions are already heavily polluted due to waste input both household and urban waste, industrial waste, agricultural waste and livestock also, this conditions causes disruption for organism that are inside, one of them is fish. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in water quality due to pollution through the distribution pattern of the DO concentration by performing simulations using models Streeter & Phelps and their effects on fish life in the Citarum River. The results showed the high value of BOD in Citarum River led to a DO decrease, which indicates that this river has been under pressure utilization that exceeds the carrying capacity. This condition affects the presence of fish in Citarum river,where there has been a reduction the types of fish. Only fish that are resistant to low DO conditions that can survive in Citarum river.Keywords: dissolved oxygen, Streeter Phelps model, Citarum RiverABSTRAKKonsentrasi oksigen terlarut (DO) menjadi parameter yang paling banyak mendapat perhatian karena mencerminkan kualitas air dan kesehatan suatu ekosistem perairan. Sepanjang aliran sungai utama Citarum kondisi perairannya sudah tercemar berat diakibatkan masukan limbah, baik itu limbah rumah tangga dan perkotaan, limbah industri, juga limbah pertanian dan peternakan, kondisi ini menyebabkan gangguan bagi organisme yang ada di dalamnya salah satunya adalah ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perubahan kualitas perairan akibat pencemaran melalui pola sebaran konsentrasi DO dengan melakukan simulasi menggunakan model Streeter & Phelps dan pengaruhnya terhadap kehidupan ikan di Sungai Citarum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingginya nilai BOD di Sungai Citarum menyebabkan penurunan DO, yang mengindikasikan bahwa sungai ini telah mengalami tekanan pemanfaatan yang melebihi daya dukungnya. Kondisi ini berpengaruh pada keberadaan ikan di Sungai Citarum, dimana telah terjadi pengurangan jenis-jenis ikan. Hanya ikan-ikan yang tahan terhadap kondisi DO rendah yang bisa bertahan hidup di Sungai Citarum.Kata kunci: oksigen terlarut, model Streeter Phelps, Sungai Citarum.

scholarly journals Face Mask Consumption and Medical Waste Generation During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: Challenges and Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooshyar Hossini ◽  
Sheida Atashkar ◽  
Tooraj Massahi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Waste Generation Rate

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a devastating pandemic scenario in the world. The mortality rate has increased and new socio-economic challenges are emerging. Millions of gloves, gowns, face masks, and face shields are used daily to prevent airborne transmission and facilitate the treatment of COVID-19. Mismanagement of these wastes can lead to increased concerns due to their contamination potential. A comprehensive plan to improve the management of medical wastes in every country requires awareness of the current status of solid waste. As a result, the study aimed to calculate and estimate the consumption rate of face masks and medical waste generation rate during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Also, the performance of different departments of medical waste management and future challenges are discussed. Methods: The daily consumption of face masks and medical waste generation were calculated based on the population data, the percentage of the urban population, face mask acceptance rate, the number of face masks needed per person per day, total COVID-19 confirmed cases, and medical waste generation rate (kg/bed/day). Results: The consumption of face masks in Iran is estimated at 46576000 pieces per day. Also, the three provinces of Tehran (9,560,000 pieces), Khorasan Razavi (3,825,600 pieces), and Isfahan (3,523,200 pieces) have the highest consumption rate of masks, respectively. Increasing the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases has increased the medical waste generation rate. Until April 3, 2021, more than 1,920,394 cases of COVID-19 have been confirmed in Iran, and calculations show that the medical waste generation rate in Iran is about 7,585.56 tons per day. Conclusions: COVID-19 is a highly infectious and problematic disease. The continuous increase in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases has increased face mask consumption rate and medical waste generation rate, and as a result, new challenges have emerged in the field of solid waste management. These emerging challenges in managing solid waste during the COVID-19 pandemic necessitate the development of appropriate waste management policies and strategies.

scholarly journals Solid Waste Recycling Issues in Georgia

Economics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Levan Gogodze Levan Gogodze
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Prevention ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Municipal Level

Georgia has made many commitments by signing the Association Agreement with the European Union, including the development of an effective waste management program. Waste management policies should include issues such as: waste management, landfills, identification and classification of waste facilities, urban wastewater treatment and more. There are four types of waste: household waste; Medical waste; Biological waste and industrial waste. Each type of waste can cause great harm to the environment. The medical and industrial waste are especially dangerous. About 5-10 thousand tons of medical waste are generated in Georgia. There is less waste planning opportunities and experience at the municipal level. In small towns and rural settlements, there are not enough garbage collection containers and garbage trucks. With the economic development of the country, the amount of waste generated and collected is increasing. Like developing countries, solid waste management in Georgia is associated with challenges of national, regional and local importance, as well as financial and environmental problems. The important steps have been taken in recent years to rectify the situation: a system for the safe disposal of municipal waste in a landfill environment and health has been established in Tbilisi and the regions. There is less waste planning opportunities and experience at the municipal level. In small towns and rural settlements, there are not enough garbage collection containers and garbage trucks. With the economic development of the country, the amount of waste generated and collected is increasing. The Work has already begun on arranging new landfills. The Waste Management Code, accompanying by-laws, the National Waste Management Strategy (2016-2030) and the National Waste Management Action Plan have made it the preferred course for Georgia to become a country focused on waste prevention and recycling. Despite the positive changes, according to experts on the issue, the country still has a long way to go to achieve this goal. Several factors are particularly challenging: 1. Incentive mechanisms for waste prevention, reuse, recycling and recovery are being developed; 2. Waste processing companies should be established or strengthened; 3. Effective mechanisms for waste management costs (both for citizens and companies) to be developed; 4. An extended producer obligation should be introduced, which implies the responsibility of the producer and / or importer for the collection and treatment of specific wastes hazardous to humans and health. Key words: Solid waste, Garbage processing plants, Household waste, Medical waste, Biological waste, Industrial waste.

Bioenergy production from orange industrial waste: a case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1239-1253
Author(s):  
Maria P. Jiménez‐Castro ◽  
Luz S. Buller ◽  
William G. Sganzerla ◽  
Tânia Forster‐Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Bioenergy Production

A Short Review on Fly Ash, Rice Husk Ash and Rice Husk Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 841-845
Author(s):  
Aniket Mahadeo Kunbithop
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Short Review

Fly ash is generated during the combustion of coal and rice husk ash is generated by the combustion of rice husk for energy production. Fly ash is industrial waste and rice husk ash is agricultural waste that is widely available worldwide. The utilization of fly ash, rice husk and rice husk ash in various applications has done a great deal to solve the waste problem. The present paper gives a short review of the utilization of fly ash, rice husk and rice husk ash as a composite material. The developed composite material is used in various applications, such as in the automobile industry and in other applications

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