scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Level of Local Participation in Planning and Management of the Planned Salzburger Lungau & Kärntner Nockberge Biosphere Reserve in Austria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9685
Author(s):  
Michael Huber ◽  
Arne Arnberger
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Reserve Management ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
High Willingness

The participation of the local population in the planning and management of biosphere reserves is one of the preconditions for success. While numerous studies underpin its importance, few studies have addressed to what extent participation is desired by local residents and which factors determine the level of participation. A postal survey among local residents (n = 449) explored factors influencing their willingness to participate in the planning and management of the Salzburger Lungau & Kärntner Nockberge Biosphere Reserve in Austria before it was officially recognised by UNESCO. By applying the “Theory of Planned Behaviour”, the study found a high willingness to be involved among the local population, but a considerable variance as to what extent. Regression models showed a strong influence of perceived behavioural control and the social environment, whereas the factors identified in previous studies were less relevant. The results show that the readiness to become active seems to be higher than expected by local bodies and more linked to the design of the participatory process or other barriers. The results support the biosphere reserve management in developing appropriate participatory approaches to maximise satisfaction with participation and management success.

scholarly journals Un acercamiento a los actores ribereños en la pesca de camarón en San Felipe, Baja California

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (67) ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Guadalupe López Torres ◽  
Luis Ramón Moreno Moreno ◽  
Ma. Enselmina Marín Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Baja California ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Sustainable Community Development ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
National Governments ◽  
International Border ◽  
The City

Resumen: desde hace varios años, los gobiernos nacionales y las instituciones internacionales han generado un conjunto de estrategias con el objetivo de disminuir los problemas ambientales, mediante la creación de reservas naturales. A pesar de ello, las acciones no consensuadas sobre la conservación no resuelven el deterioro ambiental, debido a que se debilita el tejido social necesario para impulsar un proceso de desarrollo comunitario sustentable; la conservación se trasforma en una actividad o interés ilegítimo para la población local, lo que endurece las posturas y dificulta la búsqueda conjunta de soluciones. Esto es lo que ha sucedido recientemente con los pescadores del puerto de San Felipe, Baja California, quienes en un par de ocasiones han cerrado la vía de comunicación terrestre entre Mexicali y el puerto, y se ha llegado al extremo de cerrar la garita internacional Mexicali-Calexico. Este malestar social, que amenaza con un mayor escalamiento, es el resultado de la negativa de los pescadores de San Felipe (y ahora también del Golfo de Santa Clara, en Sonora) para modificar su arte de pesca, acorde con lo que plantea la nueva norma oficial mexicana.Palabras clave: norma oficial mexicana; chinchorro de línea; red de arrastre; reserva de la biosfera; alto golfo de California; vaquita marina; actores sociales; pesca.Abstract: for several years now, national governments and international institutions have generated a set of strategies with the aim of reducing environmental problems by creating nature reserves. However, it is worth mentioning that under the conservation scenario, non-consensual actions do not resolve the environmental degradation due to the weakening of the social fabric necessary to start a process of sustainable community development, and, as a result, conservation becomes illegitimate to the local population, which hardens positions and makes it difficult to search for joint solutions. The latter is what has been happening recently with the fishermen of the Port of San Felipe, Baja California, who on a couple of occasions have closed the highway between the city of Mexicali and the port, and has gone so far to close the international border between Mexicali and Calexico. This social unrest that threatens to escalate further is the result of the refusal of the San Felipe fishermen (and now the Gulf of Santa Clara in Sonora) to modify their fishing gear according to the new official standard (NOM-002-SAG / PESC-2013). Key words: Mexican Official Standard; gillnet; drift net; Biosphere Reserve; Upper California Gulf; vaquita porpoise; social actors; fishing.

Developing design literacy through brand-based artefacts

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina LELIS
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Basic Design ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Interaction Structure ◽  
Functional Prototype ◽  
High Willingness

The brand is a powerful representational and identification-led asset that can be used to engage staff in creative, sustainable and developmental activities. Being a brand the result of, foremost, a design exercise, it is fair to suppose that it can be a relevant resource for the advancement of design literacy within organisational contexts. The main objective of this paper was to test and validate an interaction structure for an informed co-design process on visual brand artefacts. To carry on the empirical study, a university was chosen as case study as these contexts are generally rich in employee diversity. A non-functional prototype was designed, and walkthroughs were performed in five focus groups held with staff. The latter evidenced a need/wish to engage with basic design principles and high willingness to participate in the creation of brand design artefacts, mostly with the purposeof increasing its consistent use and innovate in its representation possibilities, whilst augmenting the brand’s socially responsible values.

BUSINESS SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: THEORETICAL OVERVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-203
Author(s):  
T.B. Tauyekelova ◽  
◽  
G.O. Abdikerova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
Scientific Theories ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Theoretical Overview

The main issue discussed in the article is the social responsibility of business. The article provides various definitions of the category of social responsibility. The concept of "social responsibility of business" is a multilevel and complex category. Responsibility includes ethical categories such as morality, duty and charity.The article examines the theoretical aspects of scientific approaches to corporate social responsibility, analyzes classical and modern scientific theories and concepts. The factors influencing the growing importance of corporate social responsibility in society, issues related to the role of business in the formation of a voluntary society are considered.

Propagana competition between “Prosvita” and The A. Dukhnovych Society for the Rusinian audience of Subcarpathian Rus during the interwar period

Rusin ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 176-200
Author(s):  
O.M. Kutska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Limited Application ◽  
Visual Materials ◽  
Personal Understanding

This article analyzes the informational activity of two societies – “Prosvita” (Eng. Enlightenment) and The A. Dukhnovych Society among Rusinian population of Subcarpathian Rus using modern approaches to the propaganda analysis, which implies answering the questions of who, whom on, what methods and forms are used. In particular, it has been found out that both societies had similar structures, with their members being representatives of intelligentsia with Ukrainophile and Russophile views respectively. They were also joined by the representatives of emigration and local population. The Rusinian audience had a relatively low educational level, and many residents of Subcarpathian Rus could not make up their minds whether they were of Rusinian ethnicity and what religion they practiced. The main forms of informing were printed press, oral transmission and radio broadcasting. Most often, the societies used polygraphic means of propaganda, since they were the easiest to produce. Oral transmission also proved quite productive, since it did not require significant expenditures. Radio was of limited application due to lack of receiving equipment. The author’s perspective of the propaganda methods has been formed through the analysis of individual episodes, informational and visual materials about the social and political life of Carpathian Rus and the activities of “Prosvita” and The A. Dukhnovich Society. Among the most popular methods were persuasion, suggestion, manipulation, and disinformation. However, it is possible to speak about their application only conditionally, since there was no propaganda technique in its modern understanding. The representatives of the societies under analsysis acted out of their personal understanding of campaigning methods and responding to the information needs of the Rusin community.

Investigating the level and determinants of hibah knowledge: a study among Muslims in Kedah, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Syaedah Kamis ◽  
Norazlina Abd. Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Estate Planning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
The Government

Purpose This paper aims to explore the level of hibah knowledge among Muslims in Kedah and investigate its determinants, consisting of education level, education stream, religiosity, social influence and social media. Design/methodology/approach This study is quantitative in nature. Questionnaires were distributed to collect data from Muslims in Alor Setar, Kedah. In total, 195 questionnaires were collected and data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Findings The study finds that Muslims in Alor Setar, Kedah have good knowledge of hibah. Further, education stream, religiosity, social influence and social media were identified as significant factors that influence their knowledge of hibah. Research limitations/implications The first limitation is its narrow focus in surveying Muslims only in Alor Setar, Kedah. The second limitation is the limited number of determinants used in investigating hibah knowledge among Muslims and the techniques used in analyzing the data. Despite these limitations, the study’s findings provide invaluable insights into the factors influencing hibah knowledge among Muslims in Alor Setar, Kedah. Practical implications This study provides insights regarding the significant personal factors and environmental factors to increase Muslims’ knowledge of hibah. The link between the Islamic education stream and hibah knowledge provides a clear indication that Islamic education can curb the economic problems caused by the substantial amounts of frozen and unclaimed assets in Malaysia. A significant relationship between the environmental factors (social influence and social media) and hibah knowledge also implies that the government and private agencies related to Islamic estate planning and management may use these significant determinants as part of the marketing strategy to increase the usage of hibah as an alternative tool for estate planning. Originality/value This study contributes to a better understanding of Muslims’ knowledge about hibah. The government and related agencies in Islamic estate planning and management can now gain better insights into Muslims’ level of knowledge about hibah and the factors influencing their knowledge of hibah as an effective tool for Islamic estate planning and management. Hence, more effective strategies can be recommended to enhance the knowledge of Muslims on hibah. The findings of this study should be of value to the government in its effort to address the increasing number of frozen estates in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Author Reply: Why Hate Is Unique and Requires Others for Its Maintenance

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-326
Author(s):  
Agneta H. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
General Problem ◽  
Author Reply ◽  
Emotion Words ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Over Time

In this reply, I discuss some important issues raised in two commentaries. One relates to the distinction between hate and revenge, which also touches upon the more general problem of the usefulness of distinguishing between various related emotions. I argue that emotion researchers need to define specific emotions carefully in order to be able to examine such emotions without necessarily using emotion words. A second comment focusses on the factors influencing the development of hate over time. The question is whether there is an intrapersonal mechanism leading to an increase or decrease of hate over time. I think it is the social environment that is essential in the maintenance of hate.

Persistent Structures in a Turbulent World: The Division of Labor in the German Chemical Industry

10.1068/c9866 ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Bathelt
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Customer Relations ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Mode Of Development

Since the late 1980s, various scholars have concluded that a recovery from the Fordist crisis will require that rigid Fordist practices and structures in the industrial sector be replaced by flexible ones. The mode of development to follow, often referred to as a post-Fordist or after-Fordist mode, is often assumed to be characterized by flexibility in technologies, labor, and production processes. Aside from idealistic scenarios and limited empirical findings, relatively little is known about the product, process, and linkage structures which will lead to a new mode of development. The degree to which flexibility processes will be influential is also unclear. It is within this context that I try to provide new insights into the changing nature of industrial production and the social and technical division of labor, with the aid of results from a recent study of the German chemical industry (basic chemicals; pigments, dyes, paints, varnishes; and pharmaceuticals). Using a postal survey of 155 German chemical firms and 18 firm case studies, I investigate how firms have adjusted their product and process configurations and their supplier relations and customer relations to meet the changing technological, economic, and societal settings. According to my analysis, it seems unlikely that industrial development will follow a single growth trajectory towards flexibility. Increases in flexibility in products and processes are often only subordinate goals, or are not considered necessary. I describe how chemical firms benefit from spatial proximity to their supplier and customer bases. I also provide evidence that most firms rely on strategically important stable linkages within the short and middle distance.

Social impact of major sports events perceived by host community

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongfeng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the social impact of major sports events perceived by host city residents using Shanghai as an example. Design/methodology/approach – Exploratory factor analysis based on 450 valid questionnaires. Findings – Research revealed six impact factors including four positive ones: “image and status,” “international exchange and cooperation,” “economic and tourism development,” and “infrastructure development.” In addition, two negative ones are also identified as “inconvenience of life” and “environment pollution and security concern.” Taken as a whole, the local residents in Shanghai have a relative positive perception of the impact of major sports events. Four out of six impact factors were significantly predictive of the attitude toward future bidding of major sports events. Originality/value – The existing literature mainly examined social impact of specific events through case study, and little is known about the overall perception of major sports events in general. Accordingly, this paper seeks to bridge the gap by taking an event portfolio approach using Shanghai as an example.

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