scholarly journals De Re Metallica: An Early Ergonomics Lesson Applied to Machine Design in the Renaissance

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9984
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Trujillo ◽  
Juan Claver ◽  
Lorenzo Sevilla ◽  
Miguel A. Sebastián
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Machine Design ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Metal Mining ◽  
De Re ◽  
Repetitive Movements ◽  
Postural Load ◽  
Mechanical Devices ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment

The Renaissance treatise De Re Metallica (Georgius Agricola, 1556) is one of the first works that deals in detail with the state of the art of metal mining, compiling the main techniques and mechanical devices used in this industrial activity at that time. An advanced knowledge of the human–machine set is observed in this treatise, from a mechanical and ergonomics point of view. The main objective of this work is to carry out an ergonomics analysis of one of the mechanical devices collected in the sixth book of this treatise. It is intended to show that there was a certain concern for ergonomics in the Renaissance, long before the first appearance of this concept. Specifically, a mine water extraction pump, powered by three different systems, is analyzed. Current ergonomics assessment methods have been used to perform this comparative analysis. The postural load has been assessed by the rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) and the rapid entire body assessment (REBA). The Check List OCRA (occupational repetitive action) has been used to perform the analysis of repetitive movements. The results have shown an evolution of the machine, not only on a mechanical level, but also in movements, postures, and safety of the operator for the three methods applied. It is, therefore, an example of practical and real ergonomics applied to machine design dating from the 16th century. In addition, this work may be a very interesting tool for teaching, since it allows showing examples of ergonomics in productive areas related to historical context.

scholarly journals New Challenges Regarding the Intervention of Musculoskeletal Risk in Truck Service Garages

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Coral Oliver Hernández ◽  
Shimeng Li ◽  
María José Aguado Benedí ◽  
Inmaculada Mateo Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Postural Load ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Postural Training

Background: The automotive industry is heavily affected by sick leaves caused by the handling of loads and using postures that produce musculoskeletal disorders. Research is needed to analyse their causes and find possible solutions to eliminate or mitigate these risks. Objective: Our objective was to analyse the level of musculoskeletal risk in the different work tasks performed by truck and bus mechanics. Our intention is also to analyse whether postural training and feedback can help reduce risk. Methods: The rapid entire body assessment (REBA) was used to assess the postures performed by 35 mechanics from eight branches throughout Spain. The participants were subsequently divided randomly into two groups (experimental group and control group). The experimental group (EG) was given training and feedback on their postures and the control group (CG) was not offered any type of intervention. A few months after the initial assessment, their postural load in the usual tasks was re-evaluated. Results: An overall average REBA Score: 10.49 ± 1.33. The main risk was found in the trunk and arms with sustained above-the-head postures. EG’s second results are significantly improved compared to the first (p = 0.026 *). Conclusions: These jobs have a high-risk level of musculoskeletal disorders. The course of action presented with postural training and feedback has shown satisfactory results. Nevertheless, given the size of the sample, further research will be needed to delve deeper into this possibility as a future line of intervention.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Stone Polishing Workers using Stone Polishing Devices in Unorganized Sector of Guwahati (India)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 140-142
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Sustained Load ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Repetitive Motion ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Guwahati City ◽  
Postural Load ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment ◽  
Load Handling

Stone polishing is one of the prominent informal sector in India (and world as well), where a large number of stone polisher works for long duration. Stone polishing workers manually operate the polishing machine either in standing or sitting position to carry out polishing activities, and are quite prone to various MSDs (repetitive strain induced) and thereby injuries and accidents. The present research therefore intends to explore the occurrences of WMSDs among the stone-polishing workers, and with utmost attempt to put forward some recommendations regarding corrective measures. Thirty (30) male stone polishing workers were selected from the Guwahati city of Assam. A comprehensive study on discomfort feeling was carried out by the modified Nordic questionnaire which considered the information about work nature and job stress. Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method was followed to evaluate whole body postural load and risks associated with the job. The finding of the study contributes to the understanding of the working conditions of the stone polishing workers and their physical discomforts at various body parts (mainly the lower back, knees and shoulder) due to awkward posture, repetitive motion, force exertion and sustained load handling during polishing activities. To overcome the problem arisen from aforesaid ergonomic stressors associated with stone-polishing work, ergonomic design intervention pertaining to modification of the equipment / hand tool like handle design, easy manoeuvrability, avoiding hand-holding of weight etc. have been proposed

scholarly journals Systematic Comparison of OWAS, RULA, and REBA Based on a Literature Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
Dohyung Kee
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Observational Methods ◽  
Posture Analysis ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Working Posture ◽  
Postural Load ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment ◽  
Time Limitations

This study aimed to systematically compare three representative observational methods for assessing musculoskeletal loadings and their association with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs): Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). The comparison was based on a literature review without time limitations and was conducted on various factors related to observational methods. The comparisons showed that although it has a significant limitation of comprising only two classifications for the leg postures, (1) the RULA is the most frequently used method among the three techniques; (2) many studies adopted the RULA even in evaluation of unstable lower limb postures; (3) the RULA assessed postural loads as higher risk levels in most studies reviewed in this research; (4) the intra- and inter-reliabilities for the RULA were not low; and (5) the risk levels assessed by the RULA were more significantly associated with postural load criteria such as discomfort, MHTs and % capable at the trunk, and MSDs.

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN ULANG EXTRUSION TORQUE UNTUK INSTALASI PANEL KACA DENGAN PENDEKATAN ERGONOMI

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvi Ariyanti ◽  
Kiki Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Entire Body ◽  
Body Map ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment

Pekerjaan konstruksi memiliki resiko yang tinggi, salah satu jenis bahaya yang terdapat dikonstruksi ini yaitu bahaya ergonomi. Bahaya ergonomi yang sering terjadi adalah pada saat installasi material. Pemasangan bracket lantai pada instalasi kaca memiliki resiko yang cukup berbahaya untuk kesehatan sehingga mendapatkan perhatian khusus. Disamping ketidakwajaran postur yang dimiliki oleh pekerja, pekerjaan tersebut memerlukan waktu sekitar 20-30 menit untuk satu kali pemasangan. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: Rancang ulang Extrusion Torque untuk intalasi panel kaca dan membandingkan resiko kerja sebelum dan sesudah adanya alat bantu kerja tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kusioner Nordic Body Map (NBM), Rapid Entire Body Assessment, Anthopometri dan proses perancangang produk. Setelah dihasilkan rancang bangun alat bantu Extrusion Torque dapat mengurangi resiko ergonomi terjadi pengurangan pada keluhan fisik dari pekerja. Berdasarkan perbandingan analisa REBA pada postur tubuh pekerja sebelum menggunakan Extrusion Torque yang baru berada pada skor 9 dan setelah menggunakan Extrusion  yang baru diperoleh nilai REBA 6. Pada saat dilakukan wawancara dengan menggunakan kuisioner NBM, ditemukan bahwa pekerja mengalami keluhan-keluhan fisik yang terjadi pada bagian tubuh terdiri dari 12 titik keluhan fisik dan setelah implementasi terjadi pengurangan jumlah keluhan menjadi 4 keluhan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Extrusion Torque yang baru lebih baik secara ergonomic dari pada alat Extrusion Torsi sebelumnya.

scholarly journals The Risk Analysis of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Pottery Making Workers in Kasongan, Bantul

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-611
Author(s):  
Caesar Zainur Barik ◽  
Liena Sofiana
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Work Posture ◽  
Musculoskeletal Problems ◽  
Body Map ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment

Musculoskeletal problems are problematic in Indonesia because manual work activities such as lifting, transporting, pulling and pushing are still being done. Pottery-making workers in the Kasongan are still doing those moves traditionally such as lifting, transporting, pulling and pushing manually. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk of MSDs in the pottery making workers in Kasongan. This research was cross sectional design. The sample amounted to 78 workers selected using accidental sampling techniques. The instruments used Nordic Body Map questionnaire and Rapid Entire Body Assessment. Data analysis was using the chi fisher test. The results showed that the variables associated were age (sig= 0.000) and variables that had no relationship were gender (sig= 0.341) and work posture (sig= 0.352). The risk factor associated with complaints of MSDs is age, so to reduce the risk of the occurrence of MSDs, they can do physical activity or stretch muscles.

scholarly journals Особливості порушення ергономіки лікарями-стоматологами у ході проведення ендодонтичних втручань

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Р. І. Ратушний
Keyword(s):  
Entire Body ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment

Резюме. У літературі відмічається дефіцит даних щодо оцінки можливого взаємозв’язку між особливостями недотримання ергономічних рекомендацій лікарями-стоматологами та наслідками проведення різних ятрогенних втручань у розрізі їх якості та результативності. При цьому попередньо необхідно систематизувати наявні характерні патерни порушень ергономіки роботи лікарів-стоматологів у процесі лікування кореневих каналів у розрізі впливу на них таких похідних, як наявний досвід роботи, середня кількість робочих годин, особливості матеріально-технічного забезпечення та застосування різних типів інструментів та засобів для оптичного збільшення. Мета дослідження – визначити основні особливості порушення ергономіки лікарями-стоматологами в ході проведення ендодонтичного лікування. Матеріали і методи. З метою реалізації поставленої мети проводили моніторинг особливостей робочого патерну 32 лікарів-стоматологів, які забезпечували виконання ендодонтичних втручань у середньому не менше 3 год на день. Моніторинг за роботою лікарів-стоматологів виконували лише в ході проведення ними лікування кореневих каналів постійних зубів у дорослих осіб. У процесі моніторингу лікар-спостерігач забезпечував періодичне заповнення анкети Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) відповідно до оригінальної методики. Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Виражене зростання тенденції невідповідності ергономічним параметрам роботи відмічалося при середній кількості годин проведення ендодонтичних втручань на день на рівні 5 і більше годин. Порівняно із випадками застосування операційного мікроскопа, використання бінокулярів або ж збільшуваних луп різного дизайну характеризувалося зростанням частоти реєстрації показників критерію REBA на рівні 4–7 із 25,0 % до 33,33 %, та зменшенням частоти реєстрації таких в діапазоні 2–3 балів із 50,0 % до 33,33 %. Висновки. Більшість лікарів-стоматологів досліджуваної вибірки демонструвала наявність порушень основних ергономічних принципів згідно з використовуваними критеріями REBA, що аргументує як потребу корекції їх робочого патерну з метою оптимізації робіт, так і необхідність дослідження подальших взаємозв’язків між конкретними показниками вищезгаданих критеріїв та із зареєстрованою успішністю проведеного ендодонтичного лікування і частотою розвитку різних видів помилок, допущених на етапі механічної та медикаментозної обробки кореневих каналів, а також на етапі їх обтурації.

scholarly journals Analysis and Design of Coil Rolling Machines on Robot Solenoids using Macroergonomic Analysis Method and Design (MEAD) and Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA) Based on Arduino Microcontroller

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Irwan Sukendar ◽  
Bustanul Arifin ◽  
Faathir Sukron Addin
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Soccer Robot ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Convolution Process ◽  
Arduino Microcontroller ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment

The making of Indonesian soccer robot in the division of the Indonesian Football Robot Contest (KRSBI) especially in the process of coil rolling machines on a solenoid does not pay attention to ergonomic factors. The process of winding the wire on the solenoid is done using only the hands manually and in an un ergonomic body position, which is turning and bending. As a result, the convolution process lasts longer and in the wrong posture, causing fatigue and back pain. Macroergonomic Analysis and Design (MEAD) and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) approaches are used to analyze the posture of the wire. The solution is obtained by design and making an ergonomic and semi-automatic coil rolling machines to solenoid Robot based on the Arduino Microcontroller

scholarly journals Analisis Postur Kerja pada Perusahaan yang Bergerak Bidang Pemeriksaan, Pengawasan, Pengujian, dan Pengkajian

Jurnal PASTI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Atyanti Dyah Prabaswari ◽  
Muhammad Ragil Suryoputro ◽  
Bagus Wahyu Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Entire Body ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment

Kegiatan pekerjaan yang dilakukan oleh pekerja biasanya berulang dan menuntutfisik yang bagus. Setiap tugas yang dikerjakan dalam posisi yang canggung dapat membuatbagian tubuh mereka tegang dan dapat menyebabkan kelelahan, cedera, atau dalam kasustertentu dapat membuat cacat secara permanen. Sebuah perusahaan bergerak dibidangPemeriksaan, Pengawasan, Pengujian, dan Pengkajian memiliki beberapa area kerja,diantaranya Office, Laboratorium, dan Kapal yang perlu dilakukan Analisa postur kerja agarmemiliki postur tubuh yang memadai, ketinggian kerja, area kerja normal dan maksimum,jarak lateral dan persyaratan visual ditentukan untuk tujuan pekerja di setiap workstationnya.Untuk menganalisa postur kerja diperusahaan tersebut maka perlu dilakukan penelitianmenggunakan metode REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) dan ROSA (Rapid OfficeStrain Assessment) pada area kerja Office, Labortorium, dan Kapal (Pengukuran Density danPengambilan Sampel Minyak) agar tidak terjadi MSD (Muscoloskeletal Disorder) berupakerusakan sendi, ligament, dan tendon pada pekerja. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan datadidapatkan nilai ROSA untuk Office adalah 4, sehingga dapat diklasifikasikan TidakBerbahaya. Sedangkan nilai REBA untuk pengukuran density adalah 12, sehingga memilikilevel resiko Sangat Tinggi dan Perlu Saat Ini Juga Dilakukan Tindakan Perbaikan. Kemudiandidapatkan nilai REBA untuk pengambilan sampel minyak adalah 8, sehingga memiliki levelresiko Tinggi dan Perlu Segera Dilakukan Tindakan Perbaikan. Dan nilai REBA untuklaboratorium adalah 5, sehingga memiliki level resiko Sedang dan Perlu Dilakukan TindakanPerbaikan.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Low Back Pain pada Penenun Galery Ulos Sianipar Medan

Syntax Idea ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 2335
Author(s):  
Evan Filemon ◽  
Gerry Silaban ◽  
Nurmaini Nurmaini
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Duration ◽  
Rest Time ◽  
Work Environment Factors ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common health complaints in the community. About 80 percent of adults have experienced this condition. This research is a quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The study was conducted at the Ulos Sianipar Gallery onAugust 2021. The population in this study were all weavers who worked at the Ulos Sianipar Gallery Medan as many as 54 people by using the slovin formula obtained sample of 48 people. Data was collected through a questionnaire, specifically for work attitudes with the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method, carried out with the help of cameras, bows and worksheets. The results showed that individual factors: age (p=0.003), body mass index (p=0.044) and length of work (p=0.022); work environment factors: work duration (p=0.020) and rest time (p=0.018); and work factors: workload (p=0.001) and work attitude (p=0.001) have a relationship with LBP on weavers at Galeri Ulos Sianipar Medan. It is recommended for business owners to adjust the position of the thread on the weaving machine to the sitting position of the worker so that it does not require the worker to raise his hand higher, the weaver is advised to reduce or avoid awkward postures such as bending over which can cause muscle fatigue due to frequent or repetitive weaving.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document