scholarly journals Evaluation of High-Resolution Satellite-Derived Solar Radiation Data for PV Performance Simulation in East Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11852
Author(s):  
Diane Palmer ◽  
Richard Blanchard
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
Radiation Data ◽  
Electric Pressure ◽  
The Impact

Access to reliable, clean, modern cooking enhances life chances. One option is photovoltaic cooking systems. Accurate solar data are needed to ascertain to what extent these can satisfy the needs of local people. In this paper, we investigate how to choose the most accurate satellite-derived solar irradiance database for use in Africa. This is necessary because there is a general shortage of ground measurements for Africa. The solar data are needed to model the output of solar cooking systems, such as a solar panel, battery and electric pressure cooker. Four easily accessible global horizontal irradiation (GHI) satellite databases are validated against ground measurements using a range of statistical tests. The results demonstrate the impact of the mathematical measure used and the phenomenon of balancing errors. Fitting of the satellite model to the appropriate climate zone and/or nearby measurements improves accuracy, as does higher spatial and temporal resolution of input parameters. That said, all the four databases reviewed were found to be suitable for simulating PV yield in East Africa.

scholarly journals Evaluation of High-Resolution Satellite-Derived Solar Radiation Data for PV Performance Simulation in East Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Palmer ◽  
Richard Blanchard
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
Radiation Data ◽  
Electric Pressure ◽  
The Impact

Access to reliable, clean, modern cooking enhances life chances. One option is photovoltaic cooking systems. Accurate solar data is needed to ascertain to what extent these can satisfy the needs of local people. This paper investigates how to choose the most accurate satellite derived solar irradiance database for use in Africa. This is necessary because there is a general shortage of ground measurements for Africa. The solar data is needed to model the output of solar cooking systems, for instance, a solar panel, battery and electric pressure cooker. Four easily accessible satellite databases are validated against ground measurements using a range of statistical tests. Results demonstrate the impact of the mathematical measure used and the phenomenon of balancing errors. Fitting of the satellite model to appropriate climate zone and/or nearby measurements improves accuracy, as does higher spatial and temporal resolution of input parameters. That said, all the four databases reviewed were found to be suitable for simulating PV yield in East Africa.

scholarly journals Evaluation of High-Resolution Satellite-Derived Solar Radiation Data for PV Performance Simulation in East Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Palmer ◽  
Richard Blanchard
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
Radiation Data ◽  
Electric Pressure ◽  
The Impact

Access to reliable, clean, modern cooking enhances life chances. One option is photovoltaic cooking systems. Accurate solar data is needed to ascertain to what extent these can satisfy the needs of local people. This paper investigates how to choose the most accurate satellite derived solar irradiance database for use in Africa. This is necessary because there is a general shortage of ground measurements for Africa. The solar data is needed to model the output of solar cooking systems, for instance, a solar panel, battery and electric pressure cooker. Four easily accessible satellite databases are validated against ground measurements using a range of statistical tests. Results demonstrate the impact of the mathematical measure used and the phenomenon of balancing errors. Fitting of the satellite model to appropriate climate zone and/or nearby measurements improves accuracy, as does higher spatial and temporal resolution of input parameters. That said, all the four databases reviewed were found to be suitable for simulating PV yield in East Africa.

scholarly journals Parametrization of Models and Use of Estimated Global Solar Radiation Data in the Irrigated Rice Yield Simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-246
Author(s):  
João Rodrigo de Castro ◽  
Santiago Vianna Cuadra ◽  
Luciana Barros Pinto ◽  
João Marcelo Hoffmann de Souza ◽  
Marcos Paulo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Radiation Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of estimated global solar radiation data in the simulations of potential yield of irrigated rice. Global solar radiation was estimated by four empirical models, based on air temperature, and a meteorological satellite derivated. The empirical models were calibrated and validated for 10 sites, representative of the six rice regions of the State of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil. To evaluate the impact of the radiation estimates on irrigated rice yield simulations, the CERES-Rice model, calibrated for four cultivars, was used. The estimates of global solar radiation of the empirical models based on the air temperature showed deviations, from the observed values, of 20 to 30% and the estimated by satellite deviations of more than 30%. The global solar radiation data estimated by the Hargreaves and Samani, Donatelli and Campbell and derived satellite (PowerNasa) type air temperature-based empirical models can be used as input data in simulation models of crop growth, development and productivity of irrigated rice.

scholarly journals New Developments in Ensemble-based Probabilistic Forecasting of Solar Radiation: The WRF-Solar Ensemble Prediction System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manajit Sengupta ◽  
Pedro Jimenez ◽  
Jaemo Yang ◽  
Ju-Hye Kim ◽  
Yu Xie
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Ensemble Prediction ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Ensemble Prediction System ◽  
Stochastic Perturbations ◽  
Radiation Data ◽  
Solar Generation

<p>The demand for increased accuracy in predicting solar power has grown considerably over recent years due to a rapid growth in grid-tied solar generation both utility scale and distributed. To increase confidence in forecasting solar power there is a need to provide reliable probabilistic solar radiation information that also minimizes error and uncertainty. Funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Solar ensemble prediction system (WRF-Solar EPS) has been recently developed by a collaboration between the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The WRF-Solar EPS is now ready to be disseminated to support the integration of solar generation resources and improve accuracy of day-ahead and intraday probabilistic solar forecasts. The first stage of our framework in developing WRF-Solar EPS required a specially designed method using a tangent linear (TL) sensitivity analysis to efficiently investigate uncertainties of WRF-Solar variables in forecasting clouds and solar irradiance. For the second stage, we applied a methodology to introduce stochastic perturbations in 14 key variables ascertained through the TL sensitivity analysis in generating ensemble members. A user-friendly interface is provided in WRF-Solar EPS, in which the parameters of stochastic perturbations can be controlled by configuration files. Lastly, we implemented an analog technique as an ensemble post-processing method to improve the performance of ensemble solar irradiance forecasts. This presentation will summarize the work performed in the past 3 years to understand the interactions between cloud physics, land surface, boundary layer and radiative transfer models through the development of a probabilistic cloud optimized day-ahead forecasting system based on WRF-Solar. For evaluation of forecasts, we adapt and use satellite-derived solar radiation data, e.g., the National Solar Radiation Data Base (NSRDB) as well as ground-measured observations. A comprehensive analysis to assess gridded model outputs over the Contiguous U.S is performed. The importance of evaluation of the WRF-Solar model with the NSRDB lies in the fact that the knowledge of the cloud-caused uncertainties in predicting solar irradiance over a wide range of regions provides model developers a detailed understanding of model strength and weaknesses in predicting clouds. Overall, we will present the detailed research steps that resulted in the development of the WRF-Solar EPS. We will also present a detailed validation demonstrating the improvements provided by this model. Moreover, we will also introduce the user’s guide for WRF-Solar EPS and future extension of this research.</p>

scholarly journals Merging ground-based sunshine duration observations with satellite cloud and aerosol retrievals to produce high-resolution long-term surface solar radiation over China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-922
Author(s):  
Fei Feng ◽  
Kaicun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Cloud Fraction ◽  
Surface Solar Radiation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Although great progress has been made in estimating surface solar radiation (Rs) from meteorological observations, satellite retrieval, and reanalysis, getting best-estimated long-term variations in Rs are sorely needed for climate studies. It has been shown that Rs data derived from sunshine duration (SunDu) can provide reliable long-term variability, but such data are available at sparsely distributed weather stations. Here, we merge SunDu-derived Rs with satellite-derived cloud fraction and aerosol optical depth (AOD) to generate high-spatial-resolution (0.1∘) Rs over China from 2000 to 2017. The geographically weighted regression (GWR) and ordinary least-squares regression (OLS) merging methods are compared, and GWR is found to perform better. Based on the SunDu-derived Rs from 97 meteorological observation stations, which are co-located with those that direct Rs measurement sites, the GWR incorporated with satellite cloud fraction and AOD data produces monthly Rs with R2=0.97 and standard deviation =11.14 W m−2, while GWR driven by only cloud fraction produces similar results with R2=0.97 and standard deviation =11.41 W m−2. This similarity is because SunDu-derived Rs has included the impact of aerosols. This finding can help to build long-term Rs variations based on cloud data, such as Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) cloud retrievals, especially before 2000, when satellite AOD retrievals are not unavailable. The merged Rs product at a spatial resolution of 0.1∘ in this study can be downloaded at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.921847 (Feng and Wang, 2020).

scholarly journals Investigation of the impact of simulated solar radiation on the micro- and nanoscale morphology and mechanical properties of a sheet moulded composite surface

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Sikora ◽  
Łukasz Bednarz ◽  
Tomasz Fałat ◽  
Marek Wałecki ◽  
Maria Adamowska
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Applied Approach ◽  
Simulated Solar Radiation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this paper we present the results of investigation of micro- and nanoscale degradation of a sheet moulded composite exposed to simulated solar radiation. Utilization of high resolution methods such as atomic force microscopy, optical profilometry and microcomputer tomography allowed us to provide the evidence of significant deterioration of the surface as well as the material few microns in depth. Additionally, the typically used macroscopic investigations, such as wettability and flexural strength, were performed to observe the impact of weathering process. It was also shown that high resolution techniques provide superior sensitivity of the material degradation detection. The particular effectiveness of the applied approach was related to the structure of investigated material, as due to its degradation, a number of voids appeared, causing a significant roughness increase. In addition, the impact of light radiation could be compared to other environmental conditions maintained in the climatic chamber. It should be underlined, that according to our knowledge, such a study has not been performed so far.

scholarly journals High-Precision Solar Radiation Data for λλ3300–12500Å

1985 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 473-474
Author(s):  
Heinz Neckel ◽  
Dietrich Labs
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Disk Center ◽  
Central Intensity ◽  
Radiation Data ◽  
Precise Data ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectra

Very precise data on the solar radiation has been obtained by merging: (1) the absolute integrals of the disk-center intensity for 20Å-wide spectral bands, observed in the 1960's by Labs and Neckel (1962, 1963, 1967); (2) the ratios of the mean-to-central intensity following from observations of the center-to-limb variation of (a) all 20Å bands below 6600Å (Neckel and Labs 1984), and (b) the intensities at selected continuum wavelengths (Pierce and Slaughter 1977a, b); and (3) the high-resolution Fourier transform spectra (FTS) obtained by J. Brault at Kitt Peak for the center of the disk and for the irradiance.

scholarly journals Solar fraction used in water heating systems for south Brazilian climate changes scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e48583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Kratsch Sgarbossa ◽  
Jorim Sousa das Virgens Filho
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
The State ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Radiation Data ◽  
Solar Fraction ◽  
The Impact

 Solar thermal systems consist of water heating from the global solar radiation. Increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases tend to increase the earth's surface temperature. The main objective of this work was to estimate the solar fraction obtained by means of solar heating systems for dwellings, for eight locations in the State of Paraná, in scenarios of possible climate changes projected until the end of the 21st century. F-Chart method was used to simulate the performance of solar heating systems based on the monthly average of solar radiation data, which determines the annual solar fraction or percentage of the energy demand that is covered by the solar installation. The results showed that with the impact of the climate changes, the decrease in the percentage of energy demand average that is covered by the solar installation was on average 14.3%, for both scenarios. The simulated values showed a slight decrease trend of radiation data and an increase of the solar fraction. All localities presented a characteristic seasonal behavior, with annual values of solar fraction between 82.4 and 129.8%, according to the studied localities. In relation to the monthly solar fraction, the values between November and March presented averages of solar fraction between 104 and 147.2%. But from May to August, the percentage of energy demand served by the solar installation does not reach the totality, with values between 53.6 and 99.9%. The results prove that the State of Parana has favorable climatic conditions for the installation of solar heating systems, even if it is installed for aggregation purposes, in order to reduce the electric power consumption.

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