scholarly journals A Healthy Metaphor? The North Sea Consultation and the Power of Words

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12905
Author(s):  
Haye Geukes ◽  
Udo Pesch ◽  
Aad Correljé ◽  
Behnam Taebi
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Reflective Equilibrium ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Consultation Process ◽  
The North ◽  
Fishing Sector ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Power Of Words

The North Sea Consultation was set up to resolve conflicting claims for space in the North Sea. In 2020, this consultation process resulted in the North Sea Agreement, which was supported by the Dutch Parliament and cabinet as a long-term policy; however, the fishing sector felt excluded, left the consultation process, and does not support the agreement. Using semi-constructed interviews and the method of wide reflective equilibrium, this research found that in this conflict the metaphor of ‘health’ has played a decisive role. While all stakeholders want to keep the sea ‘healthy’, they disagree on what a healthy sea actually means, leading to contrastive positions on the desirability of trawler fishing, wind parks, and conservation areas—the North Sea Agreement’s main foci of interest. To prevent the unproductive escalation of such a conflict, it is inevitable to acknowledge the moral connotations of such metaphors, as this allows a decision-making process that can be considered more just.

scholarly journals The Size of Diatoms II. Further Observations on Rhizosolenia styliformis (Brightwell)

1946 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Wimpenny
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Southern North Sea ◽  
Auxospore Formation ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Antarctic

1. Diameter measurements of Rhizosolenia styliformis from the Antarctic, the subtropical Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and from the North Sea and neighbouring waters have made it appear necessary to set up two varieties, oceanica and semispina, in addition to the type of the species R. styliformis. The type as I describe it has been called var. longispina by Hustedt, but elsewhere it has often been figured as the var. oceanica of this paper. Var. semispina is synonymous with the form represented by Karsten as R. semispina Hensen. It differs from R. semispina as drawn by Hensen and its synonym R. hebetata forma semispina Gran, but is thought likely to be linked by intermediates. If this is so R. hebetata may have to be extended to include and suppress R. styliformis, as var. semispina is linked to the type by intermediates. Var. oceanica has no intermediate forms and, if R. hebetata is to be extended, this variety should be established as a separate species.2. Var. oceanica is absent from the southern North Sea and appears to be an indicator species related to oceanic inflow.3. Auxospore formation was observed for the type in the southern North Sea in 1935 and biometric observations suggest that a period of 3-4 years elapsed between the production of auxospore generations in that area. Outside the southern North Sea for the type, measurements give no indication of auxospore generations occurring at intervals exceeding a year. While auxospore formation has been seen in var. oceanica from the Shetlands area samples of June 1935 and July 1938, this phenomenon has not been observed for var. semispina.

scholarly journals 7th Cambridge Diagenesis Conference 2011: an introduction

Clay Minerals ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-126
Author(s):  
C. V. Jeans ◽  
N. J. Tosca
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
The North ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Natural Laboratory

The Cambridge Diagenesis Conferences (1981–1998) were set up to act as a conduit for the interchange of clay mineral expertise between universities and research institutes on one hand, and the hydrocarbon industry on the other. At the time, oil companies were dealing with the development of the North Sea Oil Province which was turning out to be a natural laboratory for the fundamental study of authigenic clay minerals and their relationship to lithofacies, burial, overpressure, reservoir quality and hydrocarbon emplacement. This symbiosis between industry and academia flourished for nearly two decades. Each conference was followed by a special issue of Clay Minerals dealing with topics relevant to, or discussed at the particular meeting. By the late 1990s the North Sea had become a mature province and the major oil companies were looking to other parts of the world to replenish their reserves.

Velocity and interface depth determination by tomography of depth migrated gathers

Geophysics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1511-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Kosloff ◽  
John Sherwood ◽  
Zvi Koren ◽  
Elana Machet ◽  
Yael Falkovitz
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Prestack Migration ◽  
Traveltime Tomography ◽  
The North ◽  
Depth Determination ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Set Up

A method for velocity and interface depth determination based on tomography of migrated common reflecting point (CRP) gathers is presented. The method is derived from the tomographic principle that relates traveltime change along a given ray to perturbations in slowness and layer depths. The tomographic principle is used to convert depth errors in migrated CRP gathers to time errors along a CRP ray pair and thus enable use of conventional traveltime tomography. It is also used to affect a very fast prestack migration and set up the tomography matrix. The velocity‐depth determination method uses the available offsets of all CRPs and inverts for the parameters of all layers simultaneously. Hand picking of depth errors on CRP gathers is avoided by a method where the tomography matrix operates directly on the migrated gathers. The velocity‐depth determination method is demonstrated on a synthetic example and on a field example from the North Sea.

I: The English Flood of 1953

1957 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Spiegel
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
North Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Disaster Studies ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Set Up

The National Research Council's Committee on Disaster Studies sent us to England about two weeks after the North Sea flood of February 1, 1953, to set up a rather extensive comparative study of the flood's effects in several communities. Unfortunately, the larger study did not materialize and we were compelled to learn what we could by ourselves in about two weeks. The following report, therefore, must be regarded as very tentative. It deals with Kimbark1, one of the two flooded communities we were able to study.

scholarly journals Numerical forward modelling of the overpressure build-up in the Cenozoic section of the Central Graben in the North Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1621-1642
Author(s):  
Ivanka Orozova-Bekkevold ◽  
Thomas Guldborg Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Maximum Magnitude ◽  
Horizontal Pressure Gradient ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Horizontal Pressure ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Set Up

AbstractOne of the most widespread hypotheses for the origin of the present-day overpressure in the shale Post-Chalk section in the North Sea is the very rapid sedimentation from Neogene to present day. We tested this hypothesis by the means of numerical forward finite elements modelling and successfully simulated the overpressure build-up during the Cenozoic filling of the North Sea with relatively simple model set-up. Our model shows that overpressure of approximately 28% above hydrostatic developed in the Neogene, while during the Quaternary, it reached up to 36% above hydrostatic. At present day, the predicted onset of overpressure starts at about 800–1000 m below seafloor, while the maximum (magnitude about 1.36 sg, i.e. 36% above the normal hydrostatic pressure) is at approximately 2100 m. This overpressure profile fits reasonably well with data from wells drilled in the Central Graben. The exact magnitude of the overpressure depends on the used assumptions, the model set-up and the values of the input parameters. Especially the dynamic interaction between high sedimentation rates, clay permeability and low horizontal pressure gradient seems to be a key factor in the efficiency of dewatering of saturated clays during burial. The results indicate that, the assumption of horizontal stress isotropy results in nearly no horizontal fluid flow, despite the same magnitude for the vertical and the horizontal permeability. In these conditions, the vertical permeability plays much bigger role than the horizontal one in the effective de-watering of the sediments during burial. Further investigation is needed to explore the role of horizontal pressure gradient in fluid migration in passive sedimentary basins.

Ship Routing—Present Status and Future Trends

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
J. Paton
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Principal Result ◽  
Separation Scheme ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Fourth International Symposium ◽  
Ship Routing ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Set Up

Commander Paton's paper, here slightly condensed, was presented at the Fourth International Symposium on Vessel Traffic Services held in Bremen from 28 to 30 April 1981. The author is Hydrographic Adviser to the Department of Trade, but the views expressed here should not be taken to represent those of the Department. Commander Paton has also for some years been Chairman of IMCO's Working Group on routing matters.Apart from some wartime measures, modern ship routing really dates from the early sixties, when the Institutes of Navigation in Britain, France and Germany set up a joint Working Group on traffic separation. The principal result of their labours was the Dover Strait traffic separation scheme, jointly submitted to IMCO by the British, French and German Governments and implemented in 1967. This was followed by various proposals for the North Sea, Baltic and elsewhere, considerable impetus being given by the Torrey Canyon disaster off the Scilly Isles in 1967.

scholarly journals Numerical modelling of climate change impacts on freshwater lenses on the North Sea Island of Borkum using hydrological and geophysical methods

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 3621-3643 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sulzbacher ◽  
H. Wiederhold ◽  
B. Siemon ◽  
M. Grinat ◽  
J. Igel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
The North ◽  
Current Century ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. A numerical, density dependent groundwater model is set up for the North Sea Island of Borkum to estimate climate change impacts on coastal aquifers and especially the situation of barrier islands in the Wadden Sea. The database includes information from boreholes, a seismic survey, a helicopter-borne electromagnetic (HEM) survey, monitoring of the freshwater-saltwater boundary by vertical electrode chains in two boreholes, measurements of groundwater table, pumping and slug tests, as well as water samples. Based on a statistical analysis of borehole columns, seismic sections and HEM, a hydrogeological model is set up. The groundwater model is developed using the finite-element programme FEFLOW. The density dependent groundwater model is calibrated on the basis of hydraulic, hydrological and geophysical data, in particular spatial HEM and local monitoring data. Verification runs with the calibrated model show good agreement between measured and computed hydraulic heads. A good agreement is also obtained between measured and computed density or total dissolved solids data for both the entire freshwater lens on a large scale and in the area of the well fields on a small scale. For simulating future changes in this coastal groundwater system until the end of the current century, we use the climate scenario A2, specified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and, in particular, the data for the German North Sea coast. Simulation runs show proceeding salinisation with time beneath the well fields of the two waterworks Waterdelle and Ostland. The modelling study shows that the spreading of well fields is an appropriate protection measure against excessive salinisation of the water supply until the end of the current century.

scholarly journals Numerical modelling of climate change impacts on freshwater lenses on the North Sea Island of Borkum

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 3473-3525 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sulzbacher ◽  
H. Wiederhold ◽  
B. Siemon ◽  
M. Grinat ◽  
J. Igel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Variable Density ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Current Century ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. A numerical variable-density groundwater model is set up for the North Sea Island of Borkum to estimate climate change impacts on coastal aquifers and especially the situation of barrier islands in the Wadden Sea. The database includes information from boreholes, a seismic survey, a helicopter-borne electromagnetic survey (HEM), monitoring of the freshwater-saltwater boundary by vertical electrode chains in two boreholes, measurements of groundwater table, pumping and slug tests, as well as water samples. Based on a statistical analysis of borehole columns, seismic sections and HEM, a hydrogeological model is set up. The groundwater model is developed using the finite-element programme FEFLOW. The variable-density groundwater model is calibrated on the basis of hydraulic, hydrological and geophysical data, in particular spatial HEM and local monitoring data. Verification runs with the calibrated model show good agreement between measured and computed hydraulic heads. A good agreement is also obtained between measured and computed density or total dissolved solids data for both the entire freshwater lens on a large scale and in the area of the well fields on a small scale. For simulating future changes in this coastal groundwater system until the end of the current century we use the climate scenario A2, specified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and in particular the data for the German North Sea coast. Simulation runs show proceeding salinization with time beneath the well fields of the two waterworks Waterdelle and Ostland. The modelling study shows that spreading of well fields is an appropriate protection measure against excessive salinization of the water supply until the end of the current century.

Methane emission measurements at the North Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Velzeboer ◽  
Arnoud Frumau ◽  
Pim van den Bulk ◽  
Arjan Hensen
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
The North ◽  
Offshore Installations ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Tracer Experiments

<p>In July and November 2018 measurements campaigns were performed at the North Sea. This campaign was aimed to assess independently total methane emissions of a selected group offshore oil and gas platforms using concentration measurements at multiple distances from the source in combination with meteorological conditions and dispersion calculations. This measurement set-up is in line with methane measurements carried out near onshore gas production locations in 2016-2017.</p><p>First observations with tracer experiments showed different behavior of the plumes offshore, compared to onshore plume behavior.</p><p>The Gaussian Plume model was modified with the methodology of the Offshore and Coastal Dispersion (ODC) model, to incorporate the effect of the sea surface and the building effect of the offshore installations on the dilution and mixing of the plume. Together with the performed tracer experiments, this resulted in more reliable calculations of the source strength of methane emissions from the installations.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document