scholarly journals The Impact of Transport Infrastructure Investment on Energy Intensity: The Perspective of Fiscal Decentralization

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13968
Author(s):  
Wenming Liang ◽  
Azhong Ye
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Spatial Autoregressive ◽  
The Impact

Investment in China’s transport infrastructure has contributed to its rapid economic growth, which also consumes a great deal of energy and generates a significant amount of carbon emissions. In these circumstances, it is worthwhile to discuss the internal influence mechanisms behind these two outcomes’ similar growth trends. This paper selects panel data from 30 regions in China from 2009 to 2019 and uses the threshold spatial autoregressive (TSAR) model to analyze the impact of transport infrastructure investment on the energy intensity due to fiscal decentralization. While studies of the relationship between transport infrastructure investment and energy intensity exist, few studies examine the non-linear spatial relationship between the two. This paper fills this gap by using the TSAR Model. The results show the following: (1) the effect of transport infrastructure investment on the energy intensity under fiscal decentralization and heterogeneity expresses non-linear characteristic; (2) there is a positive relationship between infrastructure investment and energy intensity when the degree of attenuation is low, but when the degree of attenuation is higher than a particular threshold value, transport infrastructure investment negatively impacts energy intensity; (3) rising energy prices, increasing investment in technological innovation costs, and increasing foreign trade will help to drive the decline in energy intensity.

scholarly journals Accessibility in the regional CGE framework: the effects of major transport infrastructure investments in Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartlomiej Rokicki ◽  
Eduardo A. Haddad ◽  
Jonathan M. Horridge ◽  
Marcin Stępniak
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Major Road ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
Investment Spending ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSince its EU accession, Poland has invested strongly in the development of fast road transport network. As a result, the total length of modern, high-speed roads has increased from around 500 km in 2005 to over 3000 km in 2015. Yet, while the positive impact of transport infrastructure investment on overall accessibility is unquestionable there are no studies that assess its influence on economic development of particular regions. This paper applies a regional dynamic CGE model to measure the effects of big transport infrastructure investments in Polish NUTS2 regions. We use data on both investment spending and accessibility improvement (expressed as a reduction in transport margins) in order to distinguish between possible short and long term impacts. We find that there exist significant disparities in the impact between regions with high share of major road infrastructure investment undertaken by private investors and the ones that relied fully on public funding. In the case of the former, the lack of analyzed investment would lead to relatively significant decrease in real GDP or average employment. In the case of the latter, the impact of major road infrastructure investment is almost negligible.

scholarly journals Energy Intensity: A Decomposition Exercise for Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (4II) ◽  
pp. 531-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Ullah . ◽  
Karim Khan ◽  
Munazza Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Since the recent energy crises, the research in this strand has increased considerably. A variety of its dimensions have been examined in the literature. For instance, higher energy prices; instability in the supplies of its various components; its rapid depletion and global warming are some of its dimensions, which have been the focus of discourse among both researchers and policy-makers. Equally, energy intensity measuring the energy consumption to GDP ratio has been an important component of energy policies [Ang (2004); Liu and Ang (2007); Jimenez and Mercado (2013)]. In particular, there is a special focus on sorting out the contribution of energy efficiency— ratio of sectoral specific energy consumption to sectoral GDP—to alienate the impact of efficiency on energy intensity from other relevant factors. This is because energy efficiency is recognised as one of the most cost-effective strategies to address crosscutting issues of energy security, climate change and competitiveness [IDB (2012)]. Consequently, the information regarding energy intensity, its efficiency or activity aspects are useful tools for policy decisions and evaluation and are regularly in practice in most of the advanced countries

scholarly journals Modeling the Transport Infrastructure-Growth Nexus in the United States

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junwook Chi ◽  
Jungho Baek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

The rising government funding in transport infrastructure has sparked political and academic debates on the economic impacts of transport infrastructure investment in the United States. Although numerous empirical studies have examined the transport infrastructure-growth nexus, existing literature has mixed conclusions of the economic effects of expanding transport infrastructure. The main objective of this paper is to assess the short- and long-run impacts of transport and non-transport public infrastructure on economic growth to provide an implication of the effectiveness of these fiscal policy tools in the short- and long-term. For this purpose, we employ a modern autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to explore the dynamic relationships among transport infrastructure, non-transport public infrastructure, private capital, labor hours, GDP, and exports. In the long run, we find that a bidirectional relationship exists between transport infrastructure and GDP, suggesting that expanding transport infrastructure improves aggregated economic output, and enhanced economic output increases public investment in transport infrastructure. However, the magnitude of the impact of transport infrastructure on GDP is smaller than that of non-transport public infrastructure, implying that non-transport infrastructure investment is a more effective long-term fiscal stimulus than expanding transport infrastructure.

Measuring the Impact of the Trans-European Road Transport Network on the Accessibility of European Urban Agglomerations

2017 ◽  
Vol 2605 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Nicolás Ibáñez ◽  
Francesco Rotoli
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Baseline Measure ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

Transport infrastructure investment is a catalyst for enhanced competitiveness and economic growth through an overall reduction in travel times and costs. These efficiency gains are among the goals of the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) program, one of the major European Union infrastructure policy packages. This study evaluated the benefits of TEN-T with respect to increased accessibility for the population that it encompassed and by using a detailed and up-to-date representation of the entire European road network. A routing algorithm that could efficiently exploit the high detail of the road network was used. By considering various impedance functions in outreach opportunities, the proposed methodology compared, for all major European urban agglomerations considered (695 in total), two measures of accessibility: one baseline measure that considered the TEN-T network as implemented in 2014 and one scenario measure that considered that the whole TEN-T network was completed. The proposed methodology addressed self-accessibility by considering a weighted travel time of the entire road network within each urban agglomeration under study. The results show where the major benefits (accessibility gains) are expected to occur following the completion of the TEN-T policy. In general, the main positive effects are to appear in European areas that are lagging behind in infrastructure investment (Eastern Europe) and in their neighboring counterparts (Central Europe). The presented quantitative estimates may be useful for an eventual review of the focus of and priority for the not-yet-implemented part of TEN-T policy.

An analysis of the impact of investment in public transport on economic growth of metropolitan cities in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonille K. Hanyurwumutima ◽  
Sanele Gumede
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Error Component ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
The Impact

Background: Over the years, the South African government has emphasised improving the metros’ socioeconomic infrastructures because these form an essential catalyst that can boost grassroots development. Despite the considerable increase in investments in transport infrastructure in the metros, the contributions of the metros where all these transport investments are concentrated appear to be making little use of it to promote their grassroots development.Objectives: The study investigated the impact of public transportation on the output growth of South Africa.Method: One-way error component panel analysis is adopted to analyse disaggregated data from eight major metros in the country from 2003 to 2017. Data were mainly sourced on public transport expenditure, total social infrastructure expenditure, total capital formation, labour expenditure and output growth rate from each of the metros.Results: The results were a clear departure from what was obtained by previous studies on transport expenditure and the growth of South Africa. Six of the metros which are the big ones in terms of the population showed a result, which indicated that public transport expenditure did not influence their output significantly; but when combined with other social infrastructure, it exhibited significant impact. However, the results of the remaining two small metros showed that public transport expenditure and its combination with other social infrastructure all had a significant impact on their output growth.Conclusion: This confirms transport infrastructure investment conforms to the theory of the diminishing marginal product of capital. The six big metros should invest more in social infrastructure, which would complement the contemporary transport infrastructure investment. On the other hand, there is still a need to increase public transport infrastructure investments on the smaller metros.

The role of energy prices and non-linear fiscal decentralization in limiting carbon emissions: Tracking environmental sustainability

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 121243
Author(s):  
Shan Shan ◽  
Munir Ahmad ◽  
Zhixiong Tan ◽  
Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo ◽  
Rita Yi Man Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Non Linear

Transport infrastructure of the Rostov Oblast: Problems and prospects for development in the context of national projects implementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1034
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Patrakeeva
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Rostov Oblast ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The paper considers national projects in the field of transport infrastructure, i.e. Safe and High-quality Roads and Comprehensive Plan for Modernization and Expansion of Trunk Infrastructure, and the specifics of their implementation in the Rostov Oblast. Objectives. The aim is to conduct a statistical assessment of the impact of transport infrastructure on the region’s economic performance and define prospects for and risks of the implementation of national infrastructure projects in conditions of a shrinking economy. Methods. I use available statistics and apply methods and approaches with time-series data, namely stationarity and cointegration tests, vector autoregression models. Results. The level of economic development has an impact on transport infrastructure in the short run. However, the mutual influence has not been statistically confirmed. The paper revealed that investments in the sphere of transport reduce risk of accidents on the roads of the Rostov Oblast. Improving the quality of roads with high traffic flow by reducing investments in the maintenance of subsidiary roads enables to decrease accident rate on the whole. Conclusions. In conditions of economy shrinking caused by the complex epidemiological situation and measures aimed at minimizing the spread of coronavirus, it is crucial to create a solid foundation for further economic recovery. At the government level, it is decided to continue implementing national projects as significant tools for recovery growth.

The Nexus between Financial Development, Economic Growth and Energy Consumption in India: A VECM Technique

2020 ◽  
pp. 602-612
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Growth Energy ◽  
The Impact

The demand for energy consumption requires efficient financial development in terms of bank credit. Therefore, this study examines the nexus between Financial Development, Economic Growth, Energy Prices and Energy Consumption in India, utilizing Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) technique to determine the nature of short and long term relationships from 2010 to 2019. The estimation of results indicates that a one percent increase in bank credits to private sector results in 0.10 percent increase in energy consumption and 0.28 percent increase in energy consumption responses to 1 percent increase in economic growth. It is also observed that the impact of energy price proxied by consumer price index is statistically significant with a negative sign indicating the consistency with the theory.

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