scholarly journals Appropriate Technology for Access to Universal Basic Services: A Case Study on Basic Electricity Service Provision to Remote Communities in the Napo River Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Laura Del-Río-Carazo ◽  
Santiago Iglesias-Pradas ◽  
Emiliano Acquila-Natale ◽  
José Gabriel Martín-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Effective Transfer ◽  
Initial Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Appropriate technologies (ATs) refer to technologies that are controlled by the communities that benefit from their implementation. Technologies have become a fundamental element in projects aiming to solve problems related to poverty and access to basic needs in some areas in emerging countries, and appropriation of these technologies is necessary to ensure effective transfer of knowledge and sustainability. However, due to the lack of consensus on the definition of ATs, there is a need to clarify and define the scope and boundaries of the term to facilitate the implementation of technology in projects in developing countries. This study addresses this gap by means of a scoping review, which presents a detailed analysis of 17 journal articles (from an initial selection of 95 articles) and provides a comprehensive definition of ATs. To guide AT-oriented interventions in technology-intensive cooperation projects, this study proposes an Action Framework based on that definition of ATs. The Action Framework provides guidance on how to implement technology in these projects to ensure that the technology is appropriated. To facilitate the understanding of the Action Framework, the study showcases its application in a real project of rural electrification in the Peruvian Amazon Rainforest.

scholarly journals Inclusive Higher Education and the Built Environment. A Research and Teaching Agenda for Gender Mainstreaming in Architecture Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2565 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Parra-Martínez ◽  
María-Elia Gutiérrez-Mozo ◽  
Ana Gilsanz-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Education ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mutual Care ◽  
Effective Transfer

As one of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda, gender equality is a necessary foundation for a peaceful and sustainable world. The integration of the frameworks of analysis and action provided by gender perspective into the design, development and assessment of any program related to university education, research and management is essential to the fulfillment of both quality higher education and an effective transfer of knowledge and values to society. Starting from a standpoint of commitment to this progressive outlook, this essay focuses on the specific case of the University of Alicante, Spain, and on its Architecture studies. It seeks to underline the achievements of this institution in the fostering of a critical spirit and the empathy of its students by way of the implementation of gender perspective as a tool for the conception of complex, diverse and integrating projects, aligned to the objective of mutual care between people and the environment. This is crucial for the co-education of future generations of architects, who will play a central role in the definition of new practices and policies related to space and materials, which favor a more sustainable, inclusive and caring scenario for both humans and non-humans.

Planning and Scheduling Based on an Explicit Representation of the State of the Design

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre´s Felipe Melo ◽  
P. John Clarkson
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Explicit Representation ◽  
Industrial Case Study ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
State Action ◽  
Markov Decision ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

This paper describes a computational model that provides planning information useful for scheduling the design process. The model aims to reduce uncertainty in the design process and with it the risk of rework. The view is taken that planning is concerned with choosing between alternative actions and action sequences, but not with resource allocation. The planning model is based on an explicit representation of the state of the design process, the definition of the design capabilities as a pool of tasks, and on the generation and selection of plans by evaluating their reliability. Classical decision theory is used for evaluating the plans: a state-action net is built and analyzed as a Markov decision process. The model produces plans based on qualified task dependencies. These plans can be used as a basis for manual and automated scheduling. In an example industrial case study, a reduction of over 30% in the expected rework was predicted.

Suboptimal food retail model in Czechia: social super discount stores

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Sadílek
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Discount Stores ◽  
Selection Of

PurposeThe paper aims to identify retail models redistributing suboptimal food and their presence in Czechia. The author aims to give an overview of the status in comparison with other European Union countries and the form of such models in the Czech retail market concerning social super discount stores (SSDSs).Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on data obtained from an empirical study conducted by the study of secondary materials, author store-check observations and interviews with owners of SSDSs. The theoretical part consists of a literature review on social enterprises, food wasting and the definition of certain food distribution formats such as social supermarkets, food banks and SSDSs. The criteria for the selection of the research sample for observation were chosen based on the research conducted in Austria by researchers from the Vienna University of Economics and Business.FindingsThe research sample consists of 40 retail stores belonging to five retailers. The particular variables of the study are the number of stores, store size, range of categories and products, discount rates, location and the number of employees in the selected stores in Czechia.Originality/valueThis paper is a case study to identify and explore social retailing in Central Europe. This paper contributes to the emerging set of literature on social entrepreneurship, particularly in the field of retail for suboptimal food products.

“Appropriate technology” for pollution control in corrugated board industry - the Portuguese case

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
E. A. Duarte ◽  
I. Neto ◽  
M. Alegrias ◽  
R. Barroso
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Corrugated Board ◽  
Water Quality Protection ◽  
Board Industry ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Main Strategy

An increasing number of countries can be considered as water-stressed. Portugal is facing this problem, associated with the guarantee of an adequate water supply. Increasing costs of municipal and industrial disposal for water quality protection and pollution reduction also catalyse interest in water reuse. This paper presents a case study in the corrugated board industry, where advanced strategies were followed, in order to implement a totally integrated waste management system, through the selection of the appropriate technology, avoiding environmental damage. The results obtained were the establishment of an optimal balance between the main strategy elements, evaluated on the basis of environmental load, preservation of resources and economy.

scholarly journals Applying Collocation Analysis to Chinese Discourse: A Case Study of Causal Connectives

Lingua Sinica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Yipu Wei ◽  
Dirk Speelman ◽  
Jacqueline Evers-Vermeul
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Manual Analysis ◽  
Discourse Relations ◽  
Discourse Studies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scale Data ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Collocation analysis can be used to extract meaningful linguistic information from large-scale corpus data. This paper reviews the methodological issues one may encounter when performing collocation analysis for discourse studies on Chinese. We propose four crucial aspects to consider in such analyses: (i) the definition of collocates according to various parameters; (ii) the choice of analysis and association measures; (iii) the definition of the search span; and (iv) the selection of corpora for analysis. To illustrate how these aspects can be addressed when applying a Chinese collocation analysis, we conducted a case study of two Chinese causal connectives: yushi ‘that is why’ and yin’er ‘as a result’. The distinctive collocation analysis shows how these two connectives differ in volitionality, an important dimension of discourse relations. The study also demonstrates that collocation analysis, as an explorative approach based on large-scale data, can provide valuable converging evidence for corpus-based studies that have been conducted with laborious manual analysis on limited datasets.

scholarly journals Generic Digital Forensic Business Model – Malaysian Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Haswani Saiman ◽  
Mazura Mat Din
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Digital Forensic ◽  
Security Personnel ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ict Security ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Government Security

Rapid development of cyberspace has created a healthy competition in the creation of computer systems and other devices. The impact of these developments is that cyber threats had caused hectic in digital security area and its reliability to be the trusted system in the industry. Therefore, in order resolve the problem, many countries began developing their own procedures for investigating cyber-related cases based on their own law and regulations and it when the term of digital forensic take place. Researchers began to provide the best definition of each potential element that said as can be a structure in the digital forensic. On other part, the preparations of designing the investigation procedures were based on various designs. In this research, modified investigative procedures are centered on the Malaysian Chief Government Security Office (MCGSO) as a central authority providing advisory services in the field of physical security, document security, personnel security and ICT security. The comparison between approaches had been made where it cover two (2) approaches namely framework and business model. Based on the survey that been made within the organization, selection of design and framework for digital forensic for this organization is based on the business model in general and the Digital Forensic Business Model in particular and it will link together with the general elements and components of digital forensic.

scholarly journals Integrating risk and knowledge management in human spaceflight programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
David Lengyel ◽  
John Newman ◽  
Thomas Mazzuchi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Effective Transfer

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) established the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD) in the 2004 timeframe to manage a new portfolio of programs and projects aimed at lunar return. To ensure an effective transfer of knowledge from NASA legacy programs, such as Apollo, International Space Station, and Space Shuttle, ESMD took an integrated approach towards managing risk and knowledge. This case study examines the implementation of ESMD’s integrated risk and knowledge management (IRKM) framework in the 2005-2012 timeframe. An important and novel aspect of this approach was using risk records to identify knowledge gaps and support the creation and transfer of both tacit and explicit knowledge. This explanatory case study describes how the integration of knowledge management and risk management, at both the enterprise and project-level, creates value to both processes and can assist any organization in more effectively pursuing its goals. The case also investigates how coupling these two business processes can garner broader-based organizational support for knowledge management activities. This paper is about enhancing risk management but at the same time it is a front-line investigation of what it takes to successfully implement and sustain a knowledge management enabled learning organization.

A Case Study of the Selection/Censorship Problem and the Educational Value of Literature

1988 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanne Bogdan
Keyword(s):  
Women's Literature ◽  
Feminist Criticism ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ideological Identity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

This paper is a case study of a graduate class in women's literature and feminist criticism, in which student rebellion against one of the works to be studied appeared to be an instance of censorship. Proceeding from a definition of censorship as agnosis or resistance to knowing, the author defends the legitimacy of the students' refusal to read or to know within the context of their emergent ideological identity. The paper raises questions about the relationship between censorship and selection of literature texts, the literary versus the stock response, and humanist assumptions underlying the educational value of literature.

scholarly journals Samuel Beckett and Intermedial Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Anna McMullan
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Television Plays ◽  
A Site ◽  
Television Studio ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This article analyses two intermedial adaptations of works by Beckett for performance in relation to Ágnes Pethő’s definition of intermediality as a border zone or passageway between media, grounded in the “inter-sensuality of perception.” After a discussion of how Beckett’s own practice might be seen as intermedial, the essay analyses the 1996 American Repertory Company programme Beckett Trio, a staging of three of Beckett’s television plays which incorporated live camera projected onto a large screen in a television studio. The second case study analyses Company SJ’s 2014 stage adaptation of a selection of Beckett’s prose texts, Fizzles, in a site-specific, historical location in inner city Dublin, which incorporated projected sequences previously filmed in a different location, a former power station.

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