scholarly journals Morphometric Maps of Bilateral Asymmetry in the Human Humerus: An Implementation in the R Package Morphomap

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1711
Author(s):  
Antonio Profico ◽  
Carlotta Zeppilli ◽  
Ileana Micarelli ◽  
Alessandro Mondanaro ◽  
Pasquale Raia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
R Package ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Biological Anthropology ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Loading History ◽  
Biological Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Major Factors

In biological anthropology, parameters relating to cross-sectional geometry are calculated in paired long bones to evaluate the degree of lateralization of anatomy and, by inference, function. Here, we describe a novel approach, newly added to the morphomap R package, to assess the lateralization of the distribution of cortical bone along the entire diaphysis. The sample comprises paired long bones belonging to 51 individuals (10 females and 41 males) from The New Mexico Decedent Image Database with known biological profile, occupational and loading histories. Both males and females show a pattern of right lateralization. In addition, males are more lateralized than females, whereas there is not a significant association between lateralization with occupation and loading history. Body weight, height and long-bone length are the major factors driving the emergence of asymmetry in the humerus, while interestingly, the degree of lateralization decreases in the oldest individuals.

scholarly journals morphomap: An R package for long bone landmarking, cortical thickness, and cross‐sectional geometry mapping

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Antonio Profico ◽  
Luca Bondioli ◽  
Pasquale Raia ◽  
Paul O'Higgins ◽  
Damiano Marchi
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
R Package ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Geometry Mapping

Arm and Forearm Bones of the Adult Blue Bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus): A Morphological and Morphometrical Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Bharti ◽  
Ishwar Singh ◽  
Om Prakash Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Forearm Bones ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Scanty Information ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry ◽  
Morphometrical Study

Background: There is scanty information on the morphology and morphometry of the arm and forearm bones (humerus, radius, ulna) of the adult blue bull; therefore, the present study was designed to provide details on the morphology and morphometry of the arm and forearm bones of adult blue bull.Methods: The present study was conducted on the arm and forearm bones of six adult blue bull of either sex (n=6, male and n=6, female). The bone specimens were collected from Jodhpur zoo after taking official permission from the Principal Chief Conservator of Forest (PCCF), Government of Rajasthan. The collected bones were processed as per the standard hot water maceration technique. The macerated bones were soaked in 3% hydrogen peroxide followed by five days of sun-drying.Result: The humerus and radius was the long bones, whereas the ulna was aborted long bone. The humerus was a long, less twisted and strong bone with two extremities and four surfaces. The radius was fused to the ulna in the entire length, except for two interosseous spaces, namely, proximal interosseous spaces and distal interosseous spaces. The present study revealed that all the obtained parameters of arm and forearm bones (humerus, radius, ulna) showed a significant statistical difference (p less than 0.05*) between the males and females of adult blue bull. It can be concluded that the bones of the arm and forearm of the adult blue bull resembled that of small and large ruminants; however, they differed from other domestic and wild animals.

Long Bone Torsion: I. Effects of Heterogeneity, Anisotropy and Geometric Irregularity

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Kennedy ◽  
D. R. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Bone Geometry ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Torsional Response ◽  
Simple Models

The influences of heterogeneity, anisotropy and geometric irregularity on the unrestrained, linearly elastic torsional response of long bones are assessed. Longitudinal geometric variations contribute insignificantly to the torsional response for typical long bone geometries. Anisotropy, heterogeneity and transverse geometric irregularity significantly influence the torsional response. A procedure is discussed which uses an approximate means to characterize both heterogeneity and anisotropy in predicting the torsional response. The accuracy of circular and elliptical annulus models of the bone cross-sectional geometry are assessed by comparing the stress predictions of these simple models to those of finite element models of the bone geometry.

Health Status of Senior Citizens: A Cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Beniwal ◽  
Chandrakala Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Average Health

Aging is a series of processes that begin with life and continue throughout the lifecycle. It represents the closing period in the lifespan, a time when the individual looks back on life, lives on past accomplishments and begins to finish off his life course. It represents the accumulation of changes in person over time. The study aims to investigate the health status of senior citizens. The present study was carried out in Hisar and Sirsa district of Haryana state. A total of 400 elderly equally representing both males and females of age group 65-70 years were selected randomly for the study. Modified inventory developed by Khan and Lal (2011) was used to assess health status of senior citizens. The results of the study elucidated that health status of senior citizens depicted that 54.25 per cent of the total respondents had average health status followed by good (25.25%) and poor health status (20.50%). The most common health problems reported by the senior citizens were joint pains, back pains, blood pressure, and chest pain etc. Gender wise comparison of total sample further pointed out that females were poor in their health against males.

scholarly journals A Questionnaire-Based Survey to Assess the Level of Knowledge and Awareness about Drug–Food Interactions among General Public in Western Saudi Arabia

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Syed Faisal Zaidi ◽  
Rayan Mgarry ◽  
Abdullah Alsanea ◽  
Sakar Khalid Almutairi ◽  
Yaser Alsinnari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Males And Females

Introduction: Various drug–food interactions exist that may hinder treatment and can sometimes be lethal. Our aim was to assess the level of public knowledge and awareness in Jeddah city, Western Saudi Arabia, about drug–food interactions, along with the effects of demographics on their knowledge. Methods: A survey questionnaire was administered in this cross-sectional study to participants spread across multiple locations in Jeddah, including in malls and public gatherings. Participants included both males and females. Sample size was calculated through Raosoft® software. Data analysis was executed using IBM Statistic SPSS and the level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 410 people participated in the study and only 92.68% (380) of responses were enrolled in the study; 7.32% (30) were not enrolled due to the exclusion criteria. Surprisingly, only six out of eighteen questions regarding drug–food interactions in the administered questionnaire were correctly answered by 380 participants. Data indicated that the participants had a poor to intermediate level of both knowledge and awareness with respect to drug–food interactions. Furthermore, participants showed moderate to strong awareness of the effects of alcohol and tea generally, and their interaction with medication. Conclusion: Participants in our study showed inadequate knowledge of basic and fundamental information about drug–food interactions, which highlights the dire need to increase awareness.

scholarly journals Occlusal Characteristics and Spacing in Primary Dentition: A Gender Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhuri Vegesna ◽  
R. Chandrasekhar ◽  
Vinay Chandrappa
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Males And Females

Context. Occlusion in primary teeth varies among children of different populations and races. Aim. To assess and compare the occlusal characteristics and spacing in primary dentition among 3–6-year-old Dravidian children. Materials and Methods. The study included 2281 school going children. The primary molar relation, canine relation, overjet, and overbite were assessed using Foster and Hamilton criteria. Spacing conditions were registered according to Kisling and Krebs criteria. Results. The flush terminal plane molar relation (80.3%) was the most common primary molar relation. The distal step molar relation was more frequently found in female children (12.8%) than in males (8.6%). Class 1 canine relation was the most prevalent canine relation (81.3%) among males and females. Ideal overjet (84.3%) and overbite (72.7%) were observed among the majority of the children. Spaced type of arches occurred more frequently than closed arches in this sample. The incidence of primate spaces was more in males than in females. Conclusion. The study population has fewer deviations from normal occlusion which indicates decreased tendency for malocclusion in permanent dentition. However, further longitudinal studies are necessary to identify the potential limitations of a clinical approach relying on early orthodontic diagnosis and intervention.

scholarly journals Collagen heterogeneity within different growth regions of long bones of rachitic and nonrachitic chicks

1972 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan P. Toole ◽  
Andrew H. Kang ◽  
Robert L. Trelstad ◽  
Jerome Gross
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Collagen Structure ◽  
Collagen Molecules ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Chain Type

The different anatomical regions involved in osteogenesis in the chick long bone have been examined for heterogeneities in collagen structure that might relate to the mechanism of ossification. Experimentally induced lathyrism was employed to enhance collagen solubility, and vitamin D deficiency to allow accumulation of osteoid, the precursor of bone matrix. The extractable lathyritic collagens of the cartilaginous and osseous regions of growing long bones from rachitic and non-rachitic chicks were examined for α-chain type and amino acid composition. In both groups of animals the growth plate and cartilaginous regions of the epiphysis gave collagen molecules of the constitution [α1(II)]3, whereas the ossifying regions contained [α1(I)]2 α2. The degree of hydroxylation of the lysine moieties was increased by approximately 50% in the α1(I)-chain and α2-chain of rachitic bone collagen. Since uncalcified osteoid is greatly enriched in rachitic bone, it is concluded that the collagen of osteoid has the configuration [α1(I)]2 α2, similar to that of bone matrix, but has an elevated hydroxylysine content. The possible relationship of this difference to the mechanism of calcification is discussed.

Loading Mode Interactions in Simulations of Long Bone Cross-Sectional Adaptation

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARC E. LEVENSTON ◽  
GARY S. BEAUPRÉ ◽  
DENNIS R. CARTER
Keyword(s):  
Long Bone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Loading Mode ◽  
Mode Interactions

Assessment of Stature from Hand Span - A Cross Sectional Descriptive Investigation among Undergraduate Medical Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 577-582
Author(s):  
Mani Kathapillai
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Span Length ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hand Size ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Hand Length

BACKGROUND Hand size measurements are commonly used references when instruments are not available and still practiced in rural and even in urban areas of Tamil Nadu. Ancient literature evidences have adequate support for their usage. We wanted to correlate hand span length, hand breadth, and hand length with the stature of an individual. We also wanted to compare the level of correlation of hand span length between males and females. METHODS 214 students were recruited for this study as a convenient sample size. Male students were 122, females were 92. They were aged between 18 - 23 years of Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute. Hand span is the distance between tips of the casually extended pollex and minimus. RESULTS The results of Pearson’s correlations were moderately significant between height and the hand breadth (0.315), between height and weight (0.340), and between height and hand length (0.387). The extent of correlation was significant between height and the hand span (0.954) in case of males. In case of females, value of the correlation was also moderately significant between height and the hand breadth (0.619), between height and weight (0.392), between height and hand length (0.515) and between height and the hand span (0.973). CONCLUSIONS The stature was reliably estimated from the hand span length, and the same could be applied for the medicolegal, and forensic purposes. KEY WORDS Hand Span, Stature, Medico Legal, Anthropometry

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document