scholarly journals Equations to Predict Growth Performance Changes by Dietary Deoxynivalenol in Pigs

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Jongkeon Kim ◽  
Jin Young Jeong ◽  
Jung Yeol Sung ◽  
Beob Gyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Validation Test

The objectives of the present work were to assess the accuracy of previously published equations for predicting effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) on the growth performance changes of pigs and to update equations based on recently published data. A total of 59 data were employed for the validation of previously published equations. These data were used to update the equations. The REG and CORR procedures of SAS were used. In the present validation test, a linear bias was significant (p < 0.05), indicating that prediction errors were not consistent across the data ranges. The intercept for ΔFI (−7.75 ± 1.19, p < 0.01) representing a mean bias was less than 0, indicating that the predicted mean of ΔFI was greater than the measured mean of ΔFI. Dietary DON concentrations had negative correlations with ΔWG (r = −0.79; p < 0.01) and ΔFI (r = −0.71; p < 0.01). Updated prediction equations were: ΔWG = −5.93 × DON with r2 = 0.77 and ΔFI = −4.42 × DON with r2 = 0.68. In conclusion, the novel equations developed in this study might accurately predict effects of dietary DON on the performance changes of pigs.

scholarly journals PSVIII-39 Late-Breaking Abstract: Equations to predict the effects of dietary deoxynivalenol on the performance of pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 348-349
Author(s):  
Jongkeon Kim ◽  
Jung Yeol Sung ◽  
Beob G Kim
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The objectives of this study were to assess the accuracy of previously published equations for predicting effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) on the growth performance of pigs and to update the equations based on the recently published data. A total of 55 data from 22 experiments published between 2013 and 2020 reporting the effects of DON on the performance of pigs were employed for the validation of the previously published equations and these data were used to update the equations. The REG procedure of SAS was used to validate and develop equations and the CORR procedure was used to determine correlation coefficients among variables. The validation of the previously published equations showed that the slope (0.33 ± 0.08, P &lt; 0.05) representing the linear bias and intercept (-3.55 ± 1.60, P &lt; 0.05) representing the mean bias of weight gain changes (ΔWG, %) were different from 0. The slope (0.55 ± 0.07, P &lt; 0.05) and intercept (-6.94 ± 1.20, P &lt; 0.05) of feed intake changes (ΔFI, %) were also different from 0. Dietary DON concentrations had a negative correlation with ΔWG (r = -0.80; P &lt; 0.001) and ΔFI (r = -0.74; P &lt; 0.001). Updated prediction equations for estimating ΔWG and ΔFI based on a total of 152 data from 41 experiments were: ΔWG = -5.76 × DON with r2 = 0.77 and ΔFI = -4.65 × DON with r2 = 0.71, respectively, where dietary DON concentrations ranged from 0 to 14.6 mg/kg. In conclusion, the novel equations developed based on the large number of observations including recent ones may accurately predict effects of dietary DON on the performance of pigs.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Renal Transplant Patient Presenting With Active Typical Symptoms and Resolved Atypical Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 232470962094930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreedhar Adapa ◽  
Venu Madhav Konala ◽  
Srikanth Naramala ◽  
Subba Rao Daggubati ◽  
Narayana Murty Koduri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Renal Transplant Patient ◽  
Transplant Patient ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Atypical Symptoms ◽  
Rapid Transmission ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease has brought the world to standstill with high infectivity and rapid transmission. The disease caused by novel coronavirus is termed as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We present the case of a renal transplant patient who was infected with COVID-19 through community spread and presented with fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Transplant recipients are particularly vulnerable because of the immunosuppressed state. These patients can shed a virus for a prolonged period and can have a higher load of the virus. There have been no COVID-19 cases transmitted through organ donation. Preinfection immunological impairment can aggravate the severity of the infection. The transplant team plays a crucial role in donor and recipient evaluation and guiding the timing of the transplant. Although specific published data are lacking with regard to transplant recipients, they should follow the same precautions as the general population, like avoiding nonessential travel and practice social distancing.

Inflammatory and Infiltrative Diseases and Tumors

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmila Dorbala ◽  
Katarina H. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Radionuclide Imaging ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

This chapter highlights some of the novel clinical radionuclide imaging strategies beyond perfusion imaging including inflammatory diseases, infiltrative diseases and tumors. Targeted molecular imaging techniques to evaluate cardiac amyloidosis as well as myocardial and vascular inflammation are addressed. Clinical 18F-FDG imaging of cardiac sarcoidosis, cardiovascular prosthetic valve and device infections, systemic vasculitis, and tumors are discussed in detail. For each of these pathologies, a concise overview of the disease pathophysiology and management pertinent to understanding of imaging techniques is provided followed by details of imaging including radiotracers, imaging techniques and image interpretation with a reference to societal guidelines. The published data on the utility of radionuclide imaging tests to assess diagnosis, prognosis and to monitor response to therapy are discussed. Clinical scenarios and available societal recommendations on the use of imaging are illustrated. The strengths and limitations of radionuclide techniques are discussed in the context of a comparison to echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, cardiac CT and endomyocardial biopsy. Future directions in imaging and ongoing clinical trials in these areas are listed at the end of each section.

An evaluation of some methods of predicting carcase composition of sheep

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (91) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
DM Murray
Keyword(s):  
Published Data ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Predictive Equations

Data from animals of known carcase composition were used to test the accuracy of published prediction equations for carcase composition based on carcase weight, carcase water, carcase protein, and carcase chemical fats. The data from the animals of known carcase composition were also used to derive predictive equations which were tested on other published data. The results showed that there was considerable disparity between actual and predicted composition of carcases, indicating that such prediction equations should be used with considerable caution.

Novel Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Trigger Drug Sensitivity of Primary CLL Cells by Controlling Glucosylation of Ceramides

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 3905-3905
Author(s):  
Janine Schwamb ◽  
Valeska Feldhaus ◽  
Michael Baumann ◽  
Michaela Patz ◽  
Susanne Brodesser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Apoptosis Resistance

Abstract Abstract 3905 Background: Apoptosis resistance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells is mediated by several pro-survival stimuli. In particular, engagement of the B-cell receptor (BCR), CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) interaction or stimulation by interleukin-(IL)-4 were identified as major factors to regulate chemoresistance. Sphingolipids are known to be involved in several metabolic pathways involved in chemoresitance. Therefore, we focused on ceramide as pro-apoptotic molecule and its counterpart glucosylceramide, which rather contributes to proliferation and survival. Methods and Results: Applying liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, we revealed a significant decrease of pro-apoptotic ceramide in BCR/IL-4/CD40L-stimulated primary CLL cells compared to untreated controls (p=0.0258, p=0.0478, p=0.0114). Anti-apoptotic glucosylceramide levels were significantly increased after BCR cross-linking (p=0.0435) while other stimuli caused no relevant change in glucosylceramide expression. We identified BCR engagement to catalyze the crucial modification of ceramide to glucosylceramide via the enzyme UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG) (p=0.0001). Besides specific UGCG inhibitors, we could show for the first time that IgM-mediated UGCG expression was significantly inhibited by the novel and highly effective PI3Kδ and BTK inhibitors CAL-101 and PCI-32765, which were able to revert IgM-induced apoptosis resistance of CLL cells. Recently published data revealed sphingolipids to be essential for mediation of apoptosis via mitochondria. Therefore, we chose ABT-737 – a well-known and also mitochondria-targeting drug – as candidate partner for PI3Kδ and BTK inhibition. When combining each tyrosine kinase inhibitor with ABT-737, a synergistic apoptotic effect could be documented, even under protection by BCR stimulation. Conclusion: In summary, we could demonstrate that sphingolipids are critically involved in CLL pathogenesis. UGCG could be identified as drugable target by the novel kinase inhibitors CAL-101 and PCI-32765 resulting in even synergistic apoptosis following additional application of ABT-737. Sphingolipids seem to offer further targets providing novel treatment options in CLL. C.M.W. and L.P.F. contributed equally to this work. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals iMTBGO: An Algorithm for Integrating Metabolic Networks with Transcriptomes Based on Gene Ontology Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-259
Author(s):  
Zhitao Mao ◽  
Hongwu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Flux Analysis ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Balance Analysis

Background:Constraint-based metabolic network models have been widely used in phenotypic prediction and metabolic engineering design. In recent years, researchers have attempted to improve prediction accuracy by integrating regulatory information and multiple types of “omics” data into this constraint-based model. The transcriptome is the most commonly used data type in integration, and a large number of FBA (flux balance analysis)-based integrated algorithms have been developed.Methods and Results:We mapped the Kcat values to the tree structure of GO terms and found that the Kcat values under the same GO term have a higher similarity. Based on this observation, we developed a new method, called iMTBGO, to predict metabolic flux distributions by constraining reaction boundaries based on gene expression ratios normalized by marker genes under the same GO term. We applied this method to previously published data and compared the prediction results with other metabolic flux analysis methods which also utilize gene expression data. The prediction errors of iMTBGO for both growth rates and fluxes in the central metabolic pathways were smaller than those of earlier published methods.Conclusion:Considering the fact that reaction rates are not only determined by genes/expression levels, but also by the specific activities of enzymes, the iMTBGO method allows us to make more precise predictions of metabolic fluxes by using expression values normalized based on GO.

scholarly journals The use of genetic programming to develop a predictor of swash excursion on sandy beaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinella Passarella ◽  
Evan B. Goldstein ◽  
Sandro De Muro ◽  
Giovanni Coco
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Programming ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Coastal Hazards ◽  
Coastal Processes ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Physical Insight ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. We use genetic programming (GP), a type of machine learning (ML) approach, to predict the total and infragravity swash excursion using previously published data sets that have been used extensively in swash prediction studies. Three previously published works with a range of new conditions are added to this data set to extend the range of measured swash conditions. Using this newly compiled data set we demonstrate that a ML approach can reduce the prediction errors compared to well-established parameterizations and therefore it may improve coastal hazards assessment (e.g. coastal inundation). Predictors obtained using GP can also be physically sound and replicate the functionality and dependencies of previous published formulas. Overall, we show that ML techniques are capable of both improving predictability (compared to classical regression approaches) and providing physical insight into coastal processes.

scholarly journals Development of Some Novel Suction-Based Correlations for Swell Behavior of Expansive Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Bakht Zamin ◽  
Hassan Nasir ◽  
Khalid Mehmood ◽  
Qaiser Iqbal ◽  
M. Tariq Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Field Instrumentation ◽  
Swell Potential ◽  
Unsaturated Expansive Soils

Swelling and shrinkage are the two distinctive characteristics of expansive soils, and due to this behavior, these soils are considered a natural hazard for infrastructure. Many structures in different regions have been impaired due to the swell/shrink behavior of the expansive soil. Most of the severe distress is impeded because of the inherent suction (negative pore water pressure) present in expansive soils. Both suction and swelling parameters are greatly affected by the surrounding moisture content. Due to this feature of expansive soil, geotechnical engineers are interested in utilizing the suction-based correlations for the assessment of unsaturated expansive soils. The current investigation was carried out to develop novel correlations incorporating lab testing and field instrumentation. To fulfill the objectives, eight sites of the local expansive soil in Pakistan were selected for samples collection and field testing. Conventional odometer testing was conducted to measure the swell pressure (Sp) and swell potential (S) of the fabricated/remolded specimens. Gypsum block (G-block) sensors were additionally utilized for estimating the matric suction in the field. To expand the database, the previously published data of the same nature was also incorporated. Based on the results, the power form of the novel correlations (suction-based) is highly significant for estimating (Sp), while for swell potential, the logarithmic correlation with R2 = 0.6551 is more significant than other forms of correlations. The proposed suction-based correlation can be equally utilized for the estimation of field suction as well as for swell behavior of expansive soil having a plasticity index (PI) ≥ 22%.

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