scholarly journals Cyanobacterial Toxins and Peptides in Lake Vegoritis, Greece

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou ◽  
Kimon Moschandreou ◽  
Aikaterina Paraskevopoulou ◽  
Christophoros Christophoridis ◽  
Elpida Grigoriadou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Cyanobacterial Toxins ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Almost All

Cyanotoxins (CTs) produced by cyanobacteria in surface freshwater are a major threat for public health and aquatic ecosystems. Cyanobacteria can also produce a wide variety of other understudied bioactive metabolites such as oligopeptides microginins (MGs), aeruginosins (AERs), aeruginosamides (AEGs) and anabaenopeptins (APs). This study reports on the co-occurrence of CTs and cyanopeptides (CPs) in Lake Vegoritis, Greece and presents their variant-specific profiles obtained during 3-years of monitoring (2018–2020). Fifteen CTs (cylindrospermopsin (CYN), anatoxin (ATX), nodularin (NOD), and 12 microcystins (MCs)) and ten CPs (3 APs, 4 MGs, 2 AERs and aeruginosamide (AEG A)) were targeted using an extended and validated LC-MS/MS protocol for the simultaneous determination of multi-class CTs and CPs. Results showed the presence of MCs (MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-YR, dmMC-LR, dmMC-RR, MC-HtyR, and MC-HilR) and CYN at concentrations of <1 μg/L, with MC-LR (79%) and CYN (71%) being the most frequently occurring. Anabaenopeptins B (AP B) and F (AP F) were detected in almost all samples and microginin T1 (MG T1) was the most abundant CP, reaching 47.0 μg/L. This is the first report of the co-occurrence of CTs and CPs in Lake Vegoritis, which is used for irrigation, fishing and recreational activities. The findings support the need for further investigations of the occurrence of CTs and the less studied cyanobacterial metabolites in lakes, to promote risk assessment with relevance to human exposure.

scholarly journals Origins of Risk Assessment in Food Safety Decision Making

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph V. Rodricks
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Almost All

FDA's efforts during the early 1970s to establish acceptable food exposure levels for carcinogenic animal drugs such as diethylstilbestrol (DES) led the agency to incorporate quantitative risk assessment into its decision-making process. During the nearly two decades since FDA first introduced risk assessment as a regulatory tool, its uses have been expanded to almost all areas of chemical regulation. The major driving forces behind this expansion have been (1) the need to deal systematically with the large number of commercially important chemicals that have been identified as animal carcinogens and that have been found to occur widely in the environment and (2) the large number of laws that now require regulatory agencies to establish limits on human exposure to these substances.

Simultaneous determination of multiple pesticide residues in Iranian saffron: a probabilistic health risk assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 103915
Author(s):  
Vahideh Mahdavi ◽  
Arnavaz Keikavousi Behbahan ◽  
Gholamreza Golmohammadi ◽  
Behrouz Tajdar ◽  
Zahra Eslami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Multiple Pesticide Residues

APPROPRIATE PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSES TO CLUSTERS: THE ART OF BEING RESPONSIBLY RESPONSIVE

1990 ◽  
Vol 132 (supp1) ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN P. BENDER ◽  
ALLAN N. WILLIAMS ◽  
REBECCA A. JOHNSON ◽  
HELEN G. JAGGER
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Disease Clusters ◽  
Public Health Activity ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Additional Data Collection ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Between 1981 and 1988, the Minnesota Department of Health actively responded to over 400 reports from persons concerned about disease occurrence in their community, school, or workplace. Almost all of these reports involved perceived excesses of cases of cancer. Although there is little potential for identifying unsuspected public health problems or developing new etiologic insights, the Minnesota Department of Health has found that responding to reported clusters is a legitimate and necessary public health activity. To be responsibly responsive to these concerns, the Department has developed four steps to prioritize investigation of reported disease clusters, as well as six criteria for determination of the feasibility of environmental epidemiologic investigations. Approximately 95% of all concerns have been handled within the first two steps of this approach, generally requiring only education, or sometimes examination of readily-available data. Less than 5% of the concerns have required additional data collection and evaluation, and only about 1% have resulted in full-scale epidemiologic studies. Successful conclusions at all levels of this process require that public health officials develop effective communication, maintain objectivity, and provide leadership for controversial and difficult issues.

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