scholarly journals Pathobiological and Genomic Characterization of a Cold-Adapted Infectious Bronchitis Virus (BP-caKII)

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 652
Author(s):  
Seung-Min Hong ◽  
Se-Hee An ◽  
Chung-Young Lee ◽  
Chang-Seon Song ◽  
Kang-Seuk Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Cold Adaptation ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Field Virus ◽  
Specific Pathogen

We established a cold-adapted infectious bronchitis virus (BP-caKII) by passaging a field virus through specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs 20 times at 32 °C. We characterized its growth kinetics and pathogenicity in embryonated eggs, and its tropism and persistence in different tissues from chickens; then, we evaluated pathogenicity by using a new premature reproductive tract pathogenicity model. Furthermore, we determined the complete genomic sequence of BP-caKII to understand the genetic changes related to cold adaptation. According to our results, BP-caKII clustered with the KII genotype viruses K2 and KM91, and showed less pathogenicity than K2, a live attenuated vaccine strain. BP-caKII showed delayed viremia, resulting in its delayed dissemination to the kidneys and cecal tonsils compared to K2 and KM91, the latter of which is a pathogenic field strain. A comparative genomics study revealed similar nucleotide sequences between BP-caKII, K2 and KM91 but clearly showed different mutations among them. BP-caKII shared several mutations with K2 (nsp13, 14, 15 and 16) following embryo adaptation but acquired multiple additional mutations in nonstructural proteins (nsp3, 4 and 12), spike proteins and nucleocapsid proteins following cold adaptation. Thus, the establishment of BP-caKII and the identified mutations in this study may provide insight into the genetic background of embryo and cold adaptations, and the attenuation of coronaviruses.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of the Canadian Delmarva (DMV/1639) Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) on Female Reproductive Tract of Chickens

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2488
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. H. Hassan ◽  
Ahmed Ali ◽  
Sabrina M. Buharideen ◽  
Dayna Goldsmith ◽  
Carla S. Coffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Specific Pathogen

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection causes significant economic losses to various sectors of the poultry industry worldwide. Over the past few years, the incidence of false layer syndrome in Eastern Canadian layer flocks has been associated with the increased prevalence of the IBV Delmarva (DMV)/1639 strain. In this study, 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) hens were infected with the Canadian DMV/1639 strain and observed until 16 weeks of age in order to determine if the IBV DMV/1639 strain is causing false layer syndrome. Early after infection, the virus showed a wide tissue distribution with characteristic gross and histopathological lesions in the respiratory tract and kidney. Around 60–70% of the infected hens demonstrated continuous cloacal viral shedding until the end of the experiment (at 16 weeks) which was associated with high IBV genome loads detected in the cecal tonsils. The experiment confirmed the field observations that the Canadian DMV/1639 strain is highly pathogenic to the female reproductive tract causing marked cystic lesions in the oviduct. Moreover, significant histopathological damage was observed in the ovary. Our study provides a detailed description of the pathological consequences of the IBV DMV/1639 strain circulating in an important poultry production sector.

scholarly journals Design and Characterization of a DNA Vaccine Based on Spike with Consensus Nucleotide Sequence against Infectious Bronchitis Virus

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Lei Zuo ◽  
Wenjun Yan ◽  
Zhou Song ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Xin Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Cellular Immune

Avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes severe economic losses in the poultry industry, but its control is hampered by the continuous emergence of new genotypes and the lack of cross-protection among different IBV genotypes. We designed a new immunogen based on a spike with the consensus nucleotide sequence (S_con) that may overcome the extraordinary genetic diversity of IBV. S_con was cloned into a pVAX1 vector to form a new IBV DNA vaccine, pV-S_con. pV-S_con could be correctly expressed in HD11 cells with corresponding post-translational modification, and induced a neutralizing antibody response to the Vero-cell-adapted IBV strain Beaudette (p65) in mice. To further evaluate its immunogenicity, specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were immunized with the pV-S_con plasmid and compared with the control pVAX1 vector and the H120 vaccine. Detection of IBV-specific antibodies and cell cytokines (IL-4 and IFN-γ) indicated that vaccination with pV-S_con efficiently induced both humoral and cellular immune responses. After challenge with the heterologous strain M41, virus shedding and virus loading in tissues was significantly reduced both by pV-S_con and its homologous vaccine H120. Thus, pV-S_con is a promising vaccine candidate for IBV, and the consensus approach is an appealing method for vaccine design in viruses with high variability.

scholarly journals Delmarva (DMV/1639) Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Variants Isolated in Eastern Canada Show Evidence of Recombination

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. H. Hassan ◽  
Davor Ojkic ◽  
Carla S. Coffin ◽  
Susan C. Cork ◽  
Frank van der Meer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Complete Genomic Sequence ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Complete Genomic

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection in chickens can lead to an economically important disease, namely, infectious bronchitis (IB). New IBV variants are continuously emerging, which complicates vaccination-based IB control. In this study, five IBVs were isolated from clinical samples submitted to a diagnostic laboratory in Ontario, Canada, and subjected to detailed molecular characterization. Analysis of the spike (S)1 gene showed that these five IBVs were highly related to the Delmarva (DMV/1639) strain (~97.0% nucleotide sequence similarity) that was firstly isolated from an IB outbreak in the Delmarva peninsula, United States of America (USA), in 2011. However, the complete genomic sequence analysis showed a 93.5–93.7% similarity with the Connecticut (Conn) vaccine strain, suggesting that Conn-like viruses contributed to the evolution of the five Canadian IBV/DMV isolates. A SimPlot analysis of the complete genomic sequence showed evidence of recombination for at least three different IBV strains, including a Conn vaccine-like strain, a 4/91 vaccine-like strain, and one strain that is yet-unidentified. The unidentified strain may have contributed the genomic regions of the S, 3, and membrane (M) genes of the five Canadian IBV/DMV isolates. The study outcomes add to the existing knowledge about involvement of recombination in IBV evolution.

scholarly journals Maternally-Derived Antibody and Seroconversion to Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Chicken

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Chandra Paul ◽  
M Shahidur Rahman Khan ◽  
Shaiful Islam ◽  
AHM Taslima Akhter ◽  
Niraj Kanti Shil
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Field Virus ◽  
Group A ◽  
Enzymelinked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group B

An investigation was conducted with a view to determining the persistence of maternally-derived antibody (MDA) against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in chicks as well as seroconversion of IBV in relation to age and gender of chicks in field condition. Determination of antibody titre was performed by indirect enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). The existence of MDA was calculated in Group A (n = 20) and Group B (n = 15) originating from parents vaccinated against IBV and with no such history respectively. In case of group A, titres of serum samples obtained were 5361.23 ± 854.09, 2567.58 ± 763.61, 808 ± 751.361, 432.29 ± 47.11, 178.36 ± 88.28, 184.58 ± 93.6, 80.89 ± 70.11 and 43.55 ± 32.92 on day 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25 and 29 days aged birds respectively. On the other hand, sera samples of group B manifested a titre of 3285.18 ± 685.03, 2219.16 ± 419.77, 1783.62 ± 219.84, 589.01 ± 249.63, 186.66 ± 88.21, 178.36 ± 202.02, 105.77 ± 75.69 and 41.34 ± 69.28 on same schedule. It was further revealed that chicks with ancestor of non-vaccinated parents showed higher MDA titre up to 9th day of age. This might have happened due to exposure of field virus to the parent birds. As regards seroconversion, it was observed that 100, 20 and 80% of serum samples collected from chickens of 0-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks and 4 months of age were positive to IBV specific antibody respectively, whereas no serum sample was positive in case of 5-7 weeks aged birds. When considered the gender of birds, it was revealed that sera from the female showed 58.33% seropositivity against 25% from male. Maternally-derived antibody (MDA) might protect the chickens up to 9 days of age and since MDA could interfere vaccination, it should not be performed before such age. Keywords: Maternally-derived antibody (MDA); Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV); antibody titre; Seroconversion; ChicksDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i1.4857 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 1, June 2008, pp 53-56

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of infectious bronchitis virus in different types of chicken in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Ahmed Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Giasuddin ◽  
Zahed Uddin Mahmood Khan
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Vaccine Response ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Commercial Chicken

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly contagious viral disease of the chicken. It is possibly the most economically important viral respiratory disease of chicken after Avian Influenza and Newcastle disease. The virus also affects the female reproductive tract, causing poor quality of egg and loss of egg production. The study was conducted in four types of chicken (broiler, layer, sonali and Deshi) from 7 sub-districts under 4 districts of Bangladesh. Total 833 blood samples from 103 farms were collected and subjected to indirect ELISA test by commercially available IBV ELISA kits to detect specific antibodies against IBV. In overall 59.30% seroprevalence observed, 23.82% was found in broiler, 97.87% in layer, 71.83% in sonali and 83.46% in Deshi types of chickens. Broiler samples showed lowest seroprevalence with high CV (CV%=171.38), among them 76.18% were not seroconvert because of high maternal antibody or poor vaccine response. Layers showed highest seroprevalence with CV% 58.86 that is 18.00% chickens shows titer above 14000 which indicated field infection. Deshi chickens were not commercially vaccinated even though they had high seroprevalence rates 83.46% with mean titer 5333 and CV% 79.88, indicating that IBV is circulating as endemic diseases in the selected areas. Sonali chickens now reared as commercial chicken, have lower seroprevalence rates with mean titer 3160, CV% 128.39 indicating that these birds were not properly vaccinated as they required. To prevent the flocks from IBV, live and attenuated vaccination is required according to circulating strains.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2018, 4(1): 132-136

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