scholarly journals Dengue Virus Serotype 4 Is Responsible for the Outbreak of Dengue in East Java City of Jember, Indonesia

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 913
Author(s):  
Aryati Aryati ◽  
Billy J. Wrahatnala ◽  
Benediktus Yohan ◽  
May Fanny ◽  
Faradila K. N. Hakim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Envelope Gene ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Virus Serotype

Outbreaks of dengue virus (DENV) in Indonesia have been mainly caused by the DENV serotype-1; -2; or -3. The DENV-4 was the least-reported serotype in Indonesia during the last five decades. We recently conducted a molecular epidemiology study of dengue in the Jember regency, East Java province, Indonesia. Dengue is endemic in the region and outbreaks occur annually. We investigated the clinical characteristics and etiology of dengue-like febrile illness in this regency to understand the disease dynamics. A total of 191 patients with clinical symptoms similar to dengue were recruited during an 11-month study in 2019–2020. Children accounted for the majority of cases and dengue burden was estimated in 41.4% of the cases based on NS1 antigen, viral RNA, and IgG/IgM antibody detection with the majority (73.4%) being primary infections. Secondary infection was significantly associated with a higher risk of severe dengue manifestation. All four DENV serotypes were detected in Jember. Strikingly, we observed the predominance of DENV-4, followed by DENV-3, DENV-1, and DENV-2. Genotype determination using Envelope gene sequence revealed the classification into Genotype I, Cosmopolitan Genotype, Genotype I, and Genotype II for DENV-1, -2, -3, and -4, respectively. The predominance of DENV-4 in Jember may be associated with a new wave of DENV infections and spread in a non-immune population lacking a herd-immunity to this particular serotype.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Klinis dan Virologis Penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Bandar Lampung

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Nurminha Nurminha ◽  
Tori Rihiantoro ◽  
Mara Ipa
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Degree Of Severity

Abstract. Clinical symptoms of dengue virus (DENV) infection range from asymptomatic mild dengue fever(DF), more severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) up to dengue shock syndrome. One of the determinantsof dengue infection severity was virus virulence. This study aimed to determine the clinical and virologicalcharacteristics of dengue virus infection patients based on the severity degree. A cross-sectional study wasconducted in RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek, Lampung Province between July-November 2016 with 56 denguepatients as samples selected using purposive sampling. The serological test was done using a rapiddiagnostic test. Blood samples for DENV serotype identification were examined using reverse-transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction. Classification of DENV infection severity was obtained from the patient’s medicalrecord. The results showed that the most common clinical manifestations were fever, headache, and retroorbitalpain, appearing in all patients from every degree of severity. There were Grade I DHF patients whoexperienced Myalgia (15.6%) and petechiae (22.2%). Laboratory results showed that thrombocytopeniaappeared in every grade, even though 13.3% of grade I patients did not experience it. Secondary infectionwas found in 92.9% of samples, and all DENV serotype can be detected in 39.2%samples: DENV-1 (46.7%),DENV-2 (6.7%), DENV-3 (26.7%), and DENV-4 (20%). This study concluded that the majority of clinicalcharacteristics in DHF patients are in line with the degree of severity, with the bleeding as the dominantmanifestation in patients with grade II-IV. Virological characteristics of DENV-1 are dominant in all patientswith DHF grade I-IV.Keywords: dengue virus, serotype, severity, secondary infection, Bandar Lampung

scholarly journals Emergence of genotype I of dengue virus serotype 3 during severe dengue epidemic in Sri Lanka, 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mya Myat Ngwe Tun ◽  
Rohitha Muthugala ◽  
Lakmali Rajamanthri ◽  
Takeshi Nabeshima ◽  
Corazon C. Buerano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Dengue Epidemic

scholarly journals Dengue virus in humans and mosquitoes and their molecular characteristics in northeastern Thailand 2016-2018

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257460
Author(s):  
Patcharaporn Nonyong ◽  
Tipaya Ekalaksananan ◽  
Supranee Phanthanawiboon ◽  
Sirinart Aromseree ◽  
Juthamas Phadungsombat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Envelope Gene ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Epidemic Dynamics ◽  
Relationship Of

Dengue is hyperendemic in most Southeast Asian countries including Thailand, where all four dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1 to -4) have circulated over different periods and regions. Despite dengue cases being annually reported in all regions of Thailand, there is limited data on the relationship of epidemic DENV infection between humans and mosquitoes, and about the dynamics of DENV during outbreaks in the northeastern region. The present study was conducted in this region to investigate the molecular epidemiology of DENV and explore the relationships of DENV infection in humans and in mosquitoes during 2016–2018. A total of 292 dengue suspected patients from 11 hospitals and 902 individual mosquitoes (at patient’s houses and neighboring houses) were recruited and investigated for DENV serotypes infection using PCR. A total of 103 patients and 149 individual mosquitoes were DENV -positive. Among patients, the predominant DENV serotypes in 2016 and 2018 were DENV-4 (74%) and DENV-3 (53%) respectively, whereas in 2017, DENV-1, -3 and -4 had similar prevalence (38%). Additionally, only 19% of DENV infections in humans and mosquitoes at surrounding houses were serotypically matched, while 81% of infections were serotypically mismatched, suggesting that mosquitoes outside the residence may be an important factor of endemic dengue transmission. Phylogenetic analyses based on envelope gene sequences showed the genotype I of both DENV-1 and DENV-4, and co-circulation of the Cosmopolitan and Asian I genotypes of DENV-2. These strains were closely related to concurrent strains in other parts of Thailand and also similar to strains in previous epidemiological profiles in Thailand and elsewhere in Southeast Asia. These findings highlight genomic data of DENV in this region and suggest that people’s movement in urban environments may result in mosquitoes far away from the residential area being key determinants of DENV epidemic dynamics.

scholarly journals Functional Transplant of a Dengue Virus Serotype 3 (DENV3)-Specific Human Monoclonal Antibody Epitope into DENV1

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 5090-5097 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Messer ◽  
Boyd L. Yount ◽  
Scott R. Royal ◽  
Ruklanthi de Alwis ◽  
Douglas G. Widman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Human Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
The Core ◽  
Antibody Epitope ◽  
Virus Serotype

ABSTRACTThe four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes, DENV1 through 4, are endemic throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. While first infection confers long-term protective immunity against viruses of the infecting serotype, a second infection with virus of a different serotype carries a greater risk of severe dengue disease, including dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Recent studies demonstrate that humans exposed to DENV infections develop neutralizing antibodies that bind to quaternary epitopes formed by the viral envelope (E) protein dimers or higher-order assemblies required for the formation of the icosahedral viral envelope. Here we show that the quaternary epitope target of the human DENV3-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibody (MAb) 5J7 can be partially transplanted into a DENV1 strain by changing the core residues of the epitope contained within a single monomeric E molecule. MAb 5J7 neutralized the recombinant DENV1/3 strain in cell culture and was protective in a mouse model of infection with the DENV1/3 strain. However, the 5J7 epitope was only partially recreated by transplantation of the core residues because MAb 5J7 bound and neutralized wild-type (WT) DENV3 better than the DENV1/3 recombinant. Our studies demonstrate that it is possible to transplant a large number of discontinuous residues between DENV serotypes and partially recreate a complex antibody epitope, while retaining virus viability. Further refinement of this approach may lead to new tools for measuring epitope-specific antibody responses and new vaccine platforms.IMPORTANCEDengue virus is the most important mosquito-borne pathogen of humans worldwide, with approximately one-half the world's population living in regions where dengue is endemic. Dengue immunity following infection is robust and thought to be conferred by antibodies raised against the infecting virus. However, the specific viral components that these antibodies recognize and how they neutralize the virus have been incompletely described. Here we map a region on dengue virus serotype 3 recognized by the human neutralizing antibody 5J7 and then test the functional significance of this region by transplanting it into a serotype 1 virus. Our studies demonstrate a region on dengue virus necessary for 5J7 binding and neutralization. Our work also demonstrates the technical feasibility of engineering dengue viruses to display targets of protective antibodies. This technology can be used to develop new dengue vaccines and diagnostic assays.

scholarly journals Neutralizing antibody titers against dengue virus correlate with protection from symptomatic infection in a longitudinal cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 728-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah C. Katzelnick ◽  
Magelda Montoya ◽  
Lionel Gresh ◽  
Angel Balmaseda ◽  
Eva Harris
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Antibody Titers

The four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1–4) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses that infect ∼390 million people annually; up to 100 million infections are symptomatic, and 500,000 cases progress to severe disease. Exposure to a heterologous DENV serotype, the specific infecting DENV strains, and the interval of time between infections, as well as age, ethnicity, genetic polymorphisms, and comorbidities of the host, are all risk factors for severe dengue. In contrast, neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are thought to provide long-lived protection against symptomatic infection and severe dengue. The objective of dengue vaccines is to provide balanced protection against all DENV serotypes simultaneously. However, the association between homotypic and heterotypic NAb titers and protection against symptomatic infection remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the titer of preinfection cross-reactive NAbs correlates with reduced likelihood of symptomatic secondary infection in a longitudinal pediatric dengue cohort in Nicaragua. The protective effect of NAb titers on infection outcome remained significant when controlled for age, number of years between infections, and epidemic force, as well as with relaxed or more stringent criteria for defining inapparent DENV infections. Further, individuals with higher NAb titers immediately after primary infection had delayed symptomatic infections compared with those with lower titers. However, overall NAb titers increased modestly in magnitude and remained serotype cross-reactive in the years between infections, possibly due to reexposure. These findings establish that anti-DENV NAb titers correlate with reduced probability of symptomatic DENV infection and provide insights into longitudinal characteristics of antibody-mediated immunity to DENV in an endemic setting.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Tingkat Keparahan Infeksi Sekunder Virus Dengue pada Keempat Serotipe di Indonesia: Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Annelin Kurniati ◽  
Ahmad Fandi ◽  
Mardhatillah Sariyanti ◽  
Ety Febrianti ◽  
Debie Rizqoh
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Dengue Virus Serotypes

Secondary infection with the dengue virus causes mild to severe manifestations. The distribution of dengue virus serotypes varies in various areas and can change over time. There are four dengue serotypes, namely DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4. Objectives: To knew the distribution of virus serotypes in an area and determined the pathogenesis of the disease, which can cause severe manifestations in patients with secondary infections. Methods: The data taken is the severity of secondary infections and dengue serotypes. The literature search was performed on PMC and Cochrane. Search criteria were performed using keywords (secondary infection * OR secondary dengue infection *) AND (Dengue Virus * OR Dengue Infection * OR Dengue * OR DENV) AND (Serotype * OR Serogroup) AND (severe dengue * OR severity * OR severity of illness indexs * OR dengue fever * OR dengue haemorrhage fever * OR dengue shock syndrome * OR DF * OR DHF * OR DSS *) AND (Indonesia *). Results: Literature study search found 387 literature with five studies conducted the analysis. From the results of the analysis, it was found that secondary infections were more common in patients with recurrent dengue infection with serotype 2 (DENV-2), serotype 3 (DENV-3) and serotype 4 (DENV-4). Conclusion: Secondary infection of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) and serotype 3 (DENV-3) can cause severe dengue infection.Keywords:  Dengue Virus, Indonesia, Secondary Infection, Serotype, Severity

scholarly journals Cryo-EM structure of an antibody that neutralizes dengue virus type 2 by locking E protein dimers

Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 349 (6243) ◽  
pp. 88-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guntur Fibriansah ◽  
Kristie D. Ibarra ◽  
Thiam-Seng Ng ◽  
Scott A. Smith ◽  
Joanne L. Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Human Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Virus Surface ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
E Protein ◽  
Protein Dimers

There are four closely-related dengue virus (DENV) serotypes. Infection with one serotype generates antibodies that may cross-react and enhance infection with other serotypes in a secondary infection. We demonstrated that DENV serotype 2 (DENV2)–specific human monoclonal antibody (HMAb) 2D22 is therapeutic in a mouse model of antibody-enhanced severe dengue disease. We determined the cryo–electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of HMAb 2D22 complexed with two different DENV2 strains. HMAb 2D22 binds across viral envelope (E) proteins in the dimeric structure, which probably blocks the E protein reorganization required for virus fusion. HMAb 2D22 “locks” two-thirds of or all dimers on the virus surface, depending on the strain, but neutralizes these DENV2 strains with equal potency. The epitope defined by HMAb 2D22 is a potential target for vaccines and therapeutics.

scholarly journals Nationwide Distribution of Dengue Virus Type 3 (DENV-3) Genotype I and Emergence of DENV-3 Genotype III during the 2019 Outbreak in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Snigdha Rahman Titir ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Paul ◽  
Salma Ahmed ◽  
Nazia Haque ◽  
Syeda Anjuman Nasreen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
Genotype Iii ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Dengue Virus Type 3 ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Bangladesh is an endemic region of dengue fever and experienced an unprecedented large outbreak with more than 100,000 confirmed cases in 2019. To understand the prevalence of dengue antibody in patients and molecular epidemiological characteristics of dengue virus (DENV) in this outbreak, a total of 179 blood samples were collected from patients in 10 districts (seven divisions) covering nearly the whole country from August to December 2019. DENV NS-1 was detected in 162 samples, among which DENV-specific IgM was positive in 119 samples (73.5%), including 60.5% samples also positive for DENV-specific IgG. Sequencing of the partial C-prM gene and its phylogenetic analysis revealed predominance of DENV type 3 genotype I, accounting for 93% of samples examined. DENV-3 genotype III was identified in two samples from separate districts, and only one DENV-2 cosmopolitan genotype was found in the capital city, Dhaka. These findings suggest the predominance of DENV-3 genotype I and occurrence of DENV-3 genotype III, associated with increased incidence of recent secondary infection in Bangladesh in 2019.

scholarly journals Clinical, virological and epidemiological characterization of dengue outbreak in Myanmar, 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (9) ◽  
pp. 1886-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. KYAW ◽  
M. M. NGWE TUN ◽  
M. L. MOI ◽  
T. NABESHIMA ◽  
K. T. SOE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Infection ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Envelope Gene ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Sites

SUMMARYHospital-based surveillance was conducted at two widely separated regions in Myanmar during the 2015 dengue epidemic. Acute phase serum samples were collected from 332 clinically diagnosed dengue patients during the peak season of dengue cases. Viremia levels were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and plaque assays using FcγRIIA-expressing and non-FcγRIIA-expressing BHK cells to specifically determine the infectious virus particles. By serology and molecular techniques, 280/332 (84·3%) were confirmed as dengue patients. All four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) were isolated from among 104 laboratory-confirmed patients including two cases infected with two DENV serotypes. High percentage of primary infection was noted among the severe dengue patients. Patients with primary infection or DENV IgM negative demonstrated significantly higher viral loads but there was no significant difference among the severity groups. Viremia levels among dengue patients were notably high for a long period which was assumed to support the spread of the virus by the mosquito vector during epidemic. Phylogenetic analyses of the envelope gene of the epidemic strains revealed close similarity with the strains previously isolated in Myanmar and neighboring countries. DENV-1 dominated the epidemic in 2015 and the serotype (except DENV-3) and genotype distributions were similar in both study sites.

scholarly journals Dengue Fever and Severe Dengue in Barbados, 2008–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Kirk Osmond Douglas ◽  
Sudip Kumar Dutta ◽  
Byron Martina ◽  
Fatih Anfasa ◽  
T. Alafia Samuels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Virus Serotype

Analysis of the temporal, seasonal and demographic distribution of dengue virus (DENV) infections in Barbados was conducted using national surveillance data from a total of 3994 confirmed dengue cases. Diagnosis was confirmed either by DENV–specific real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT–PCR), or non–structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests; a case fatality rate of 0.4% (10/3994) was observed. The dengue fever (DF) prevalence varied from 27.5 to 453.9 cases per 100,000 population among febrile patients who sought medical attention annually. DF cases occurred throughout the year with low level of transmission observed during the dry season (December to June), then increased transmission during rainy season (July to November) peaking in October. Three major dengue epidemics occurred in Barbados during 2010, 2013 and possibly 2016 with an emerging three–year interval. DF prevalence among febrile patients who sought medical attention overall was highest among the 10–19 years old age group. The highest DF hospitalisation prevalence was observed in 2013. Multiple serotypes circulated during the study period and Dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV–2) was the most prevalent serotype during 2010, whilst DENV–1 was the most prevalent serotype in 2013. Two DENV–1 strains from the 2013 DENV epidemic were genetically more closely related to South East Asian strains, than Caribbean or South American strains, and represent the first ever sequencing of DENV strains in Barbados. However, the small sample size (n = 2) limits any meaningful conclusions. DF prevalence was not significantly different between females and males. Public health planning should consider DENV inter–epidemic periodicity, the current COVID–19 pandemic and similar clinical symptomology between DF and COVID–19. The implementation of routine sequencing of DENV strains to obtain critical data can aid in battling DENV epidemics in Barbados.

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