scholarly journals Occurrence of BNT162b2 Vaccine Adverse Reactions Is Associated with Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Response

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 977
Author(s):  
Yoav Rechavi ◽  
Moshe Shashar ◽  
Jonathan Lellouche ◽  
Moshe Yana ◽  
Daniel Yakubovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reaction ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Global Mission ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Vaccination Hesitancy

Promoting SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been a global mission since the first vaccines were approved for emergency use. Alongside the excitement following the possibility of eradicating SARS-CoV-2 and ending the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been ample vaccine hesitancy, some due to the abundant reporting of adverse reactions. We report here that the occurrence of BNT162b2 vaccine adverse reactions is associated with enhanced antibody response. We found a statistically significant correlation between having an adverse reaction, whether local or systemic, and higher antibody levels. No sex difference was observed in antibody levels. However, as was recently reported, the antibody response was found to be lower among older vaccinees. The demonstration of a clear correlation between adverse reactions and antibody levels may help reduce vaccination hesitancy by reassuring that the presence of such reactions is an indication of a well-functioning immune system.

scholarly journals Multiple Antigenic Peptide-Based Vaccines Targeting Ixodes ricinus Neuropeptides Induce a Specific Antibody Response but Do Not Impact Tick Infestation

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 900
Author(s):  
Consuelo Almazán ◽  
Ladislav Šimo ◽  
Lisa Fourniol ◽  
Sabine Rakotobe ◽  
Jérémie Borneres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Antigenic Peptide ◽  
Tick Feeding ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Multiple Antigenic Peptide ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Antibody Levels

Synthetic peptide vaccines were designed to target the neuropeptides innervating Ixodes ricinus salivary glands and hindgut and they were tested for their capacity to afford protective immunity against nymphs or larvae and Anaplasma phagocytophilum-infected nymph infestation, in mice and sheep, respectively. In both models, the assembly of SIFamide (SIFa) or myoinhibitory peptide (MIP) neuropeptides into multiple antigenic peptide constructs (MAPs) elicited a robust IgG antibody response following immunization. Nevertheless, no observable detrimental impact on nymphs was evidenced in mice, and, unfortunately, the number of engorged nymphs on sheep was insufficient for firm conclusions to be drawn, including for bacterial transmission. Regarding larvae, while vaccination of the sheep did not globally diminish tick feeding success or development, analyses of animals at the individual level revealed a negative correlation between anti-SIFa and MIP antibody levels and larva-to-nymph molting success for both antigens. Our results provide a proof of principle and precedent for the use of MAPs for the induction of immunity against tick peptide molecules. Although the present study did not provide the expected level of protection, it inaugurates a new strategy for protection against ticks based on the immunological targeting of key components of their nervous system.

Immunologic Response to Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Infants

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Sloyer ◽  
Laurel J. Karr ◽  
John H. Ploussard ◽  
Gerald D. Schiffman
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Young Infant ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Colonization ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Group 1

The serum antibody response to purified pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PCP) was determined in four groups of infants ranging in age from 3 to 24 months. Group 1 consisted of eight infants immunized with an octavalent vaccine containing serotypes 1, 3, 6, 7, 14, 18, 19 and 23 (PCP-8). Group 1 received 25 μg of each serotype at 3–6 months of age and again at 18–24 months. The antibody response after the second immunization was compared to a group of nine patients receiving a primary immunization at 18–24 months and to a group of ten age-matched controls receiving saline placebo. There were no significant differences in mean serum antibody levels between the two groups receiving the PCP-8. A fourth group of 44 infants between 6 and 21 months of age received either PCP-7 or PCP-8 and were followed for two years, at which time simultaneous injections of both vaccines were administered. Types 2, 3, 7, and 8 were most immunogenic but levels six months after immunization were approximately the same as for unimmunized controls with the exception of serotypes 3 and 7 which persisted for about two years. The class of antibody induced either by natural infection or by immunization was preferentially IgG and it was more often induced by the former. There were no significant differences between the serotypes of pneumococci isolated from nasopharyngeal cultures regardless of which vaccine was administered. Finally, the least immunogenic serotypes include 4, 6, 14, 19, and 23 and these are the only serotypes thus far associated with otitis media after immunization. The results suggest that PCP do not induce a lasting immune tolerance at the dose administered in this study; PCP are not very immunogenic in the young infant; PCP antibody tends to rise naturally; IgG antibody is preferentially induced; nasopharyngeal colonization is not altered by PCP immunization; and an association may exist between PCP immunogenicity and subsequent onset of otitis media.

Acellular and Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccines as Booster Doses: A Multicenter Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet A. Englund ◽  
Michael D. Decker ◽  
Kathryn M. Edwards ◽  
Michael E. Pichichero ◽  
Mark C. Steinhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Pain Medication ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Acellular Vaccines ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Better Than

Objective. To compare the safety and immunogenicity of a variety of acellular (AC) and whole-cell (WC) pertussis vaccines combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. Methods. Standard enrollment and reaction forms were used at five sites, and serologic evaluation was performed at a single site. Nine AC (Massachusetts Public Health Laboratories, Biocine Sclavo recombinant pertussis toxoid [PT], Connaught/BIKEN, Lederle three-component, Biocine Sclavo recombinant three-component, SmithKline Beecham three-component, Porton three-component, Takeda-Wyeth, and Connaught multicomponent), and three WC (Connaught Laboratoties, Lederle Laboratories, and Massachusetts Public Health Laboratories) were studied. All AC contained varying concentrations of PT; some vaccines also contamed filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin, and/or agglutinogens. Results. Two hundred forty children, aged 16 to 21 months and 4 to 6 years, were enrolled at five sites. Significantly less fever, redness, swelling, pain, limp, and use of pain medication were noted following AC compared with WC. Significant increases in antibody to PT were seen following all vaccines. Significant rises in FHA antibody were seen following all WC and the seven AC that contained FHA. Postbooster PT antibody levels were similar among the AC groups, regardless of the amount of PT administered (between 3.5 and 25 µg per dose). The dose of FHA did not affect PT antibody response. Infants primed with WC who were boosted with a monocomponent PT vaccine did not manifest a significant antibody response to FHA. Conclusion. The rate of adverse reactions was not a function of the number of antigens or the antigen quantity in the acellular vaccines, and antibody responses following AC were similar or better than antibody responses following WC. These results support the further evaluation of these vaccines in a larger National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases-sponsored study in infants.

scholarly journals Safety and antibody response to two-dose SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccination in patients with multiple myeloma

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross S. Greenberg ◽  
Jake A. Ruddy ◽  
Brian J. Boyarsky ◽  
William A. Werbel ◽  
Jacqueline M. Garonzik-Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Vaccine Trials ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) were excluded from the original SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine trials, which may influence vaccine hesitancy in this population. We prospectively characterized the safety and immunogenicity of two-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in 44 patients with MM, who underwent vaccination from 12/17/2020 to 3/18/2021. Results Rates adverse reactions were low and consistent with those documented in vaccine trials. Among those on MM therapy, 93% developed detectable anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibodies after dose 2, while 94% of patients not on MM therapy seroconverted. Conclusions Two-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is mildly reactogenic and leads to high rates of seroconversion in patients with MM. These findings can provide reassurance to MM patients who are hesitant to receive SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines.

scholarly journals Does reactogenicity after a second injection of the BNT162b2 vaccine predict spike IgG antibody levels in healthy Japanese subjects?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Takeuchi ◽  
Yukie Higa ◽  
Akina Esaki ◽  
Yosuke Nabeshima ◽  
Akemi Nakazono
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Production ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Japanese Subjects

Adverse reactions are more common after the second injection of messenger RNA vaccines such as Pfizer/BioNTech's BNT162b2. We hypothesized that the degree and severity of reactogenicity after the second injection reflects the magnitude of antibody production against the SARS CoV-2 virus spike protein (spike IgG). Blood samples were obtained from 67 healthy Japanese healthcare workers three weeks after the first injection and two weeks after the second injection of the BNT162b2 vaccine to measure spike IgG levels. Using questionnaires, we calculated an adverse event (AE) score (0-11) for each participant. The geometric mean of spike IgG titers increased from 1,047 antibody units (AU/mL) (95% CI: 855±1282 AU/mL) after the first injection to 17,378 AU/mL (14,622±20,663 AU/mL) after the second injection. The median AE score increased from 2 to 5. Spike IgG levels after the second injection were negatively correlated with age and positively correlated with spike IgG after the first injection. AE scores after the second injection were not significantly associated with log-transformed spike IgG after the second injection, when adjusted for age, sex, and log-transformed spike IgG after the first injection. Although the sample size was relatively small, reactogenicity after the second injection may not accurately reflect antibody production.

scholarly journals The Correlation Between IgM and IgG Antibodies With Blood Profile In Patients Infected With COVID 19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Alibolandi ◽  
Amirreza Ostadian ◽  
Saeed Sayyah ◽  
Hamed Haddad Kashani ◽  
Hassan Ehteram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Virus Exposure ◽  
Antibody Levels

Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to determine the levels of IgM and IgG antibody response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with different disease severity.Methods: IgM and IgG antibody levels were evaluated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In total, 100 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in this study and viral RNA was detected by using Real-time PCR technique. Clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed after hospital admission for COVID-19 and two months post-admission. Results: The level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody IgG was significantly higher in the severe patients than those in moderate and mild groups, 2 months after admission. Also, level of IgG was positively associated with increased WBC, NUT and LYM counts in sever than mild or moderate groups after admission to hospital.Conclusion: Our findings suggested that patients with severe illness might experience longer virus exposure times and have a stronger antibody response against viral infection. Thus, they have longer time immunity compared with other groups.

scholarly journals Detailed Multiplex Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Specific Antibodies in COVID-19 Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siggeir F. Brynjolfsson ◽  
Hildur Sigurgrimsdottir ◽  
Elin D. Einarsdottir ◽  
Gudrun A. Bjornsdottir ◽  
Brynja Armannsdottir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Nucleocapsid Proteins ◽  
The Third ◽  
Antibody Isotypes ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Antibody Levels

A detailed understanding of the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 is of high importance, especially with the emergence of novel vaccines. A multiplex-based assay, analyzing IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies against the receptor binding domain (RBD), spike 1 (S1), and nucleocapsid proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was set up. The multiplex-based analysis was calibrated against the Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay on a Roche Cobas® instrument, using positive and negative samples. The calibration of the multiplex based assay yielded a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 97.7%. SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody levels were analyzed by multiplex in 251 samples from 221 patients. A significant increase in all antibody types (IgM, IgG, and IgA) against RBD was observed between the first and the third weeks of disease. Additionally, the S1 IgG antibody response increased significantly between weeks 1, 2, and 3 of disease. Class switching appeared to occur earlier for IgA than for IgG. Patients requiring hospital admission and intensive care had higher levels of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgA levels than outpatients. These findings describe the initial antibody response during the first weeks of disease and demonstrate the importance of analyzing different antibody isotypes against multiple antigens and include IgA when examining the immunological response to COVID-19.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 IgG assays against nucleocapsid and spike antigens

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mitra Rezaei ◽  
Mohammadhadi Sadeghi ◽  
Alireza Korourian ◽  
Payam Tabarsi ◽  
Mihan Porabdollah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cell Percentage ◽  
Percent Positivity ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Nucleoprotein N ◽  
Antibody Levels

BACKGROUND: There are few studies to compare antibody response against anti-spike (S) and anti- nucleoprotein (N) SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the IgG antibody production against S and N antigens of the virus and their correlation with the time and severity of the disease. METHODS: The IgG antibodies against S and N antigens of SARS-CoV-2 in serum specimens 72 symptomatic patients who tested real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction positive for SARS-CoV-2 were detected using the ELISA technique. Different antibody response was compared and the correlation with the time from disease onset and the severity was evaluated. RESULTS: Forty-eight of 72 (67%) patients tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, while 24 (33%) did not have detectable antibodies. Comparison of antibody levels for N and S antibodies showed that they correlate with each other well (r= 0.81; P< 0.001). However, sensitivity of anti-S SARS-CoV-2 IgG and anti-N SARS-CoV-2 IgG was 30% and 60%, during the first 7 days after symptom onset (r= 0.53; P= 0.111), but increased to 73% and 68% at more than 1-week post symptom onset (r= 0.89, P= 0.111), respectively. Cases with positive IgG response showed a decreased CD8 cell percentage compared to the negative IgG groups (26 ± 14 vs. 58 ± 32, p= 0.066 in anti-N IgG group and 28 ± 15 vs. 60 ± 45, p= 0.004 in anti-S IgG group, respectively). CONCLUSION: Nearly one-third of the confirmed COVID-19 patients had negative serology results. Lower percent positivity at early time points after symptom onset (less than 1 week) was seen using anti-S SARS-COV-2 IgG kit compare to the anti-N SARS-CoV-2 IgG; therefore, clinicians should interpret negative serology results of especially anti-S SARS-CoV-2 IgG with caution.

scholarly journals Pre-vaccination and early B cell signatures predict antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lela Kardava ◽  
Nicholas Rachmaninoff ◽  
William Lau ◽  
Clarisa Buckner ◽  
Krittin Trihemasava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Response Variability ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Memory B Cell ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Early Indicators

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines are highly effective, although weak antibody responses are seen in some individuals with correlates of immunity that remain poorly understood. Here we longitudinally dissected antibody, plasmablast, and memory B cell (MBC) responses to the two-dose Moderna mRNA vaccine in SARS-CoV-2-uninfected adults. Robust, coordinated IgA and IgG antibody responses were preceded by bursts of spike-specific plasmablasts after both doses, but earlier and more intensely after dose two. Distinct antigen-specific MBC populations also emerged post-vaccination with varying kinetics. We identified antigen non-specific pre-vaccination MBC and post-vaccination plasmablasts after dose one and their spike-specific counterparts early after dose two that correlated with subsequent antibody levels. These baseline and response signatures can thus provide early indicators of serological efficacy and explain response variability in the population.

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