scholarly journals A Newly Developed Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Imagery Based Technology for Field Measurement of Water Level

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ang Gao ◽  
Shiqiang Wu ◽  
Fangfang Wang ◽  
Xiufeng Wu ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Image Recognition ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Parameter Calibration ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Measuring Section

Field measurement of water level is important for water conservancy project operation and hydrological forecasting. In this study, we proposed a new measuring technique by integrating the advantages of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and image recognition technology. Firstly, the imagery of water fluctuation process was captured by an UAV airborne camera, and water surface line in the imagery was recognized and extracted using image recognition technology. Subsequently, successive water levels at a measuring section were calculated by parameter calibration. Statistical parameters of water levels, such as maximum, average, and minimum values during the capturing period were also calculated. Additionally, we introduced a correction method to offset the error caused by UAV drift. The newly proposed method was tested in field measurement for Miaowei hydropower station, China, and the results showed that the method is reliable and adoptable.

scholarly journals Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with Thermal Imaging for Automating Water Status in Vineyard

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
Subarna Shakya
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Crop Water Stress Index ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Thermal imaging is utilized as a technique in agricultural crop water management due to its efficiency in estimating canopy surface temperature and the ability to predict crop water levels. Thermal imaging was considered as a beneficial integration in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for agricultural and civil engineering purposes with the reduced weight of thermal imaging systems and increased resolution. When implemented on-site, this technique was able to address a number of difficulties, including estimation of water in the plant in farms or fields, while considering officially induced variability or naturally existing water level. The proposed effort aims to determine the amount of water content in a vineyard using the high-resolution thermal imaging. This research work has developed an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that is particularly intended to display high-resolution images. This approach will be able to generate crop water stress index (CWSI) by utilizing a thermal imaging system on a clear-sky day. The measured values were compared to the estimated stomatal conductance (sg) and stem water (s) potential along the Vineyard at the same time. To evaluate the performance of the proposed work, special modelling approach was used to identify the pattern of variation in water level. Based on the observation, it was concluded that both ‘sg’ and ‘s’ value have correlated well with the CWSI value by indicating a great potential to monitor instantaneous changes in water level. However, based on seasonal changes in water status, it was discovered that the recorded thermal images did not correspond to seasonal variations in water status.

scholarly journals Daily water-level variations of supraglacial lakes in the southern Inylchek Glacier, Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Sakurai ◽  
Chiyuki Narama ◽  
Mirlan Daiyrov ◽  
Muhammed Esenamanov ◽  
Zarylbek Usekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Supraglacial Lakes ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Increase Rate ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Water Level Variations ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Lake Drainage

Abstract. To better understand the storage in and drainage through supraglacial lakes and englacial conduits, we investigated the daily water-level variations of supraglacial lakes on the southern Inylchek Glacier in Kyrgyzstan. To examine these variations, we used daily aerial digital images over three years (22 July–15 August 2017, 8–29 July 2018, and 12–19 July 2019) from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that were converted to digital surface models (DSMs) and ortho-images. Our main results are as follows. 1) When one lake drained, the water levels of other lakes might simultaneously increase, indicating that drainage water is shared with several lakes through a main englacial conduit. In one drainage event, a branch englacial conduit clearly connected to a main englacial conduit. 2) Sometimes, several lakes discharged simultaneously, indicating that several lakes had connected to a main englacial conduit that had opened. Such a case can cause larger-scale drainage than that from the opening of a branch englacial conduit. 3) Several lakes discharged twice in the same year, each time through a different conduit, indicating that the main englacial conduit can be abandoned and reused. 4) In some lakes, the water level gradually increased with nearly the same increase rate just before drainage. Such an increase may be an indicator of imminent lake drainage.

scholarly journals Simultaneous drainage events from supraglacial lakes on the southern Inylchek Glacier, Central Asia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Naoki Sakurai ◽  
Chiyuki Narama ◽  
Mirlan Daiyrov ◽  
Muhammed Esenamanov ◽  
Zarylbek Usekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Supraglacial Lakes ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Increase Rate ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Water Level Variations ◽  
Gradient Line

Abstract To understand the mechanism of simultaneous drainage event related to supraglacial lakes on a debris-covered glacier, we investigated water-level variations of supraglacial lakes on the southern Inylchek Glacier in Kyrgyzstan. To examine these variations, we used daily aerial images for 2017–2019 from an uncrewed aerial vehicle that were converted to 15 cm-digital surface models and ortho-images. Our main results are as follows: (1) When one lake drained, the water levels of other lakes simultaneously increased, indicating that drainage water is shared with several lakes through a main englacial conduit. In one drainage event, a branched off englacial conduit clearly connected to a main englacial conduit. (2) Sometimes several lakes discharged simultaneously, indicating that several lakes had connected to a main englacial conduit that had opened. Such cases can cause larger-scale drainage than that from the opening of a branched off englacial conduit. (3) Simultaneous drainage occurred twice in the same year, each time through a different conduit, indicating that the main englacial conduit can be abandoned and reused. (4) In some lakes, the water level on the hydraulic gradient line increased gradually with nearly the same increase rate just before drainage. Such an increase may be an indicator of a possible simultaneous drainage event.

scholarly journals WATER SCARCITY OR DROUGHT? THE CAUSE AND SOLUTION FOR THE LACK OF WATER IN LAGUNA DE ACULEO

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Héctor L. Venegas-Quiñones ◽  
Mark Thomasson ◽  
Pablo A. Garcia-Chevesich
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Lake Water Level ◽  
Drying Up ◽  
Water Withdrawals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

One of the most recurring discussions among people is the real impact of global warming and human activity on our natural resources. It is hard to identify and quantify the impact generated by each one. Laguna de Aculeo located in Paine city, Chile. It was one of the most attractive and beautiful places to visit in the summer. Today, It has been completely drying up. This research evaluates weather and hydrologic values registered by government weather and water levels stations. The purpose is to evaluate if there has been a change in precipitation, temperature, and water level trend. The analysis consists of the evaluation of the statistical parameters, and legal water withdrawals and fines imposed. The results of this study indicate that the cause of the drought of the lake is generated by climatic and anthropogenic factors. However, the changes in precipitation and temperature over the years are not significant for drying a lake. Therefore, it is possible to assume that human activities are arguably the greatest cause of impact on Laguna de Aculeo. Finally, we present tools, strategies, and practical solutions to prevent, control, and restore lake water level.

scholarly journals Fluctuating water levels influence access to critical habitats for threatened Cowichan Lake lamprey

FACETS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 488-502
Author(s):  
Chiranjib Chaudhuri ◽  
Joy Wade ◽  
Colin Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Habitat Area ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Bear Lake ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Term Data

Cowichan Lake lamprey ( Entosphenus macrostomus) is a threatened species resident to Mesachie Lake, Cowichan Lake, and adjoining Bear Lake and their major tributaries in British Columbia. Decreases in trapping success have created concerns that the population is declining. Some potential threats include water use, climate change, and management actions. Owing to the absence of long-term data on population trends, little information is available to estimate habitat quality and factors that influence it. We sought to fill this gap by examining associations between habitat area and variables representing suspected key drivers of habitat availability. Critical habitat areas were imaged using an unmanned aerial vehicle over a period of three years at three sites at Cowichan Lake and a subsequent habitat area was classified. Meteorological and anthropogenic controls on habitat area were investigated through automatic relevance detection regression models. The major driver of habitat area during the critical spawning period was water level during the storage season, which also depends on the meteorological variables and anthropogenic control. It is recommended that regulation of the weir should aim to ensure that the water level remains above the 1 m mark, which roughly equates to the 67% coverage of water on the habitat area used for spawning.

scholarly journals Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Borne Sensor System for Atmosphere-Particulate-Matter Measurements: Design and Experiments

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonghua Wang ◽  
Wenting Han ◽  
Mengfei Zhang ◽  
Xiaomin Yao ◽  
Liyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Wireless Data Transmission ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) particulate-matter (PM) monitoring system was developed that can perform three-dimensional stereoscopic observation of PM2.5 and PM10 in the atmosphere. The UAV monitoring system was mainly integrated by modules of data acquisition and processing, wireless data transmission, and global positioning system (GPS). Particularly, in this study, a ground measurement-control subsystem was added that can display and store collected data in real time and set up measurement scenarios, data-storage modes, and system sampling frequency as needed. The UAV PM monitoring system was calibrated via comparison with a national air-quality monitoring station; the data of both systems were highly correlated. Since rotation of the UAV propeller affects measured PM concentration, this study specifically tested this effect by setting up another identical monitoring system fixed at a tower as reference. The UAV systems worked simultaneously to collect data for comparison. A correction method for the propeller disturbance was proposed. Averaged relative errors for the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations measured by the two systems were 6.2% and 6.6%, respectively, implying that the UAV system could be used for monitoring PM in an atmosphere environment.

scholarly journals Multiscale Feature Filtering Network for Image Recognition System in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xianghua Ma ◽  
Zhenkun Yang ◽  
Shining Chen
Keyword(s):  
Object Detection ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Image Recognition ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Attention Mechanism ◽  
Feature Representation ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Feature Filtering

For unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), object detection at different scales is an important component for the visual recognition. Recent advances in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated that attention mechanism remarkably enhances multiscale representation of CNNs. However, most existing multiscale feature representation methods simply employ several attention blocks in the attention mechanism to adaptively recalibrate the feature response, which overlooks the context information at a multiscale level. To solve this problem, a multiscale feature filtering network (MFFNet) is proposed in this paper for image recognition system in the UAV. A novel building block, namely, multiscale feature filtering (MFF) module, is proposed for ResNet-like backbones and it allows feature-selective learning for multiscale context information across multiparallel branches. These branches employ multiple atrous convolutions at different scales, respectively, and further adaptively generate channel-wise feature responses by emphasizing channel-wise dependencies. Experimental results on CIFAR100 and Tiny ImageNet datasets reflect that the MFFNet achieves very competitive results in comparison with previous baseline models. Further ablation experiments verify that the MFFNet can achieve consistent performance gains in image classification and object detection tasks.

The correction method of the aircraftastro-inertial system

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Representation Method

The accuracy increasing problem of the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation complex in an algorithmic way is investigated. The algorithmic correction schemes of navigation systems for modern high-precision unmanned aerial vehicles are considered. The error compensating method of the inertial navigation system corrected by astro-system signals is proposed. Correction is carried out in the structure of the inertial navigation system using a non-linear Kalman filter and a control algorithm. A nonlinear control algorithm based on the SDC representation method is used. Keywords unmanned aerial vehicle; inertial navigation system; astro-system; navigation complex; nonlinear Kalman filter; error model; regulator; SDC method

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