scholarly journals Untargeted Metabolite Profiling for Screening Bioactive Compounds in Digestate of Manure under Anaerobic Digestion

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxin Lu ◽  
Atif Muhmood ◽  
Wojciech Czekała ◽  
Jakub Mazurkiewicz ◽  
Jacek Dach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Untargeted Metabolite Profiling

Untargeted metabolite profiling was performed on chicken manure (CHM), swine manure (SM), cattle manure (CM), and their respective digestate by XCMS coupled with MetaboAnalyst programs. Through global chemical profiling, the chemical characteristics of different digestates and types of manure were displayed during the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. As the feed for AD, CM had less easily-degradable organics, SM contained the least O-alkyls and anomerics of carbohydrates, and CHM exhibited relatively lower bio-stability. The derived metabolite pathways of different manure during the AD process were identified by MetaboAnalyst. Twelve, 8, and 5 metabolic pathways were affected by the AD process in CHM, SM, and CM, respectively. Furthermore, bioactive compounds of digestate were detected, such as amino acids (L-arginine, L-ornithine, L-cysteine, and L-aspartate), hormones (L-adrenaline, 19-hydroxy androstenedione, and estrone), alkaloids (tryptamine and N-methyltyramine), and vitamin B5, in different types of manure and their digestates. The combination of XCMS and MetaboAnalyst programs can be an effective strategy for metabolite profiling of manure and its anaerobic digestate under different situations.

Effects of different types of biochar on the anaerobic digestion of chicken manure

2019 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 258-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junting Pan ◽  
Junyi Ma ◽  
Xiaoxia Liu ◽  
Limei Zhai ◽  
Xihui Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Different Types

Untargeted metabolite profiling and phytochemical analysis based on RP‐HPLC‐DAD‐QTOF‐MS and MS/MS for discovering new bioactive compounds in Rumex algeriensis flowers and stems

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-635
Author(s):  
Sonda Ammar ◽  
Jouda Abidi ◽  
Simon Vlad Luca ◽  
Mahieddine Boumendjel ◽  
Krystyna Skalicka‐Woźniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Untargeted Metabolite Profiling

scholarly journals BIOSYNTHESIS OF POLY (HYDROXYALKANOATES)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Waheed ◽  
B Mubeen ◽  
M Sarwar ◽  
MM Hafeez ◽  
Q Ali
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types

Bioplastics are biodegradable polymers that are made by bacterial cells, whose molecules have biochemical properties similar to petrochemical polymers as they are concentrated inside intracellular granules as a carbon and energy sources, and which then degrade in the environment as they get exposed to light. Bioplastics have desirable biodegradable and renewable qualities, sustainable qualities as well as alternatives to petroleum-based plastics, and is used due to much of its biodegradability and durability. Due to their vast usefulness, Poly Hydroxy Alkanoate (PHAs) and their derivatives are used in many different sectors, PHAs are the most biodegradable bioplastics found throughout the world. These polymers are generated by microorganisms through metabolic pathways that start with hydroxy-acyl-A and end with different types of acyl-A. Bioplastic polymers have chemical characteristics that differ in structural and physical properties which also differ due to the source of their polymerization microorganisms.

Methane Production in Batch Anaerobic Digestion of Livestock Manures with Different Substrate Concentrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 1380
Author(s):  
Supawadee Yodthongdee ◽  
Panomchai Weerayutsil ◽  
Kulyakorn Khuanmar
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
The Individual

This research aimed to evaluate the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of three livestock manures including swine manure (SM), chicken manure (CM), and dairy manure (DM) under the same conditions in batch anaerobic digestion (AD) including inoculum to substrate ratio, temperature, digestion time, concentration of total solids in the system, and reactor size.  The experiments were performed on individual manure, 2-manure mixture, and 3-manure mixture.  For the individual manure experiments, BMP of SM, CM, and DM were 326.97, 306.60, and 105.30 mL/gVSadded; and volatile solids (VS) removal values were 66.31, 62.47, and 52.02%, respectively. In the 2-manure mixture; SM: DM, SM: CM, and CM: DM ratios of 90:10%TS, the BMP were 278.15, 264.47, and 252.80 mL/gVSadded, respectively. In the 3-manure mixture, the maximum BMP was 200.82 mL/gVSadded under the SM: CM: DM combination of 74:20:6%TS. The conditions of the 3 experiments were similar: the total solids concentration at 20% of working volume and the temperature of 37°C. It could be concluded that each manure i.e., SM, CM, and DM could be used as raw material for methane production by anaerobic digestion. SM generated the highest BMP, followed by CM and DM, respectively.  However, DM should not be used as raw material alone, except combining it with SM or CM for better methane production.     

Respon Padi Gogo Terhadap Residu Pupuk Organik

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baso Daeng
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

<em>The rate of conversion of paddy fields and irrigation water crisis suggest to consider the development of upland rice.� Empowerment of organic-based dryland done to increase rice, as well as environmental sustainability efforts.� The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of organic fertilizer residue to upland rice in the second growing season.� Experiments using a split-split plot design.� The main plot consisted of a dosage of 50% and 100% organic fertilizer in the first growing season.� Sub plot consisted of chicken manure (20 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>), <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Centrosema</span>� <span style="text-decoration: underline;">pubescens</span> (4.3 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>) + chicken manure (10 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>), and <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Thitonia</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">diversifolia</span> (4.3 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>) + chicken manure (10 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>).� Sub-sub plot consist of Danau Gaung and Batu Tegi varieties.� The different types of fertilizer had no effect on plant productivity.� The addition of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Thitonia</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">diversifolia</span> gave a good effect on some growth variable and its resistance due pathogen attack.� Batu Tegi varieties are varieties that give the best response from an organic fertilizer.� Interaction between dosage, type of fertilizer, and varieties do not provide areal impact.</em>

scholarly journals Improving the Anaerobic Digestion of Swine Manure through an Optimized Ammonia Treatment: Process Performance, Digestate and Techno-Economic Aspects

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Anna Lymperatou ◽  
Niels B. Rasmussen ◽  
Hariklia N. Gavala ◽  
Ioannis V. Skiadas
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia Soaking ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Reduction Efficiency

Swine manure mono-digestion results in relatively low methane productivity due to the low degradation rate of its solid fraction (manure fibers), and due to the high ammonia and water content. The aqueous ammonia soaking (AAS) pretreatment of manure fibers has been proposed for overcoming these limitations. In this study, continuous anaerobic digestion (AD) of manure mixed with optimally AAS-treated manure fibers was compared to the AD of manure mixed with untreated manure fibers. Due to lab-scale pumping restrictions, the ratio of AAS-optimally treated manure fibers to manure was only 1/3 on a total solids (TS) basis. However, the biogas productivity and methane yield were improved by 17% and 38%, respectively, also confirming the predictions from a simplified 1st order hydrolysis model based on batch experiments. Furthermore, an improved reduction efficiency of major organic components was observed for the digester processing AAS-treated manure fibers compared to the non-treated one (e.g., 42% increased reduction for cellulose fraction). A preliminary techno-economic analysis of the proposed process showed that mixing raw manure with AAS manure fibers in large-scale digesters could result in a 72% increase of revenue compared to the AD of manure mixed with untreated fibers and 135% increase compared to that of solely manure.

scholarly journals Biochar and Energy Production: Valorizing Swine Manure through Coupling Co-Digestion and Pyrolysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén González ◽  
Judith González ◽  
José G. Rosas ◽  
Richard Smith ◽  
Xiomar Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil

Anaerobic digestion is an established technological option for the treatment of agricultural residues and livestock wastes beneficially producing renewable energy and digestate as biofertilizer. This technology also has significant potential for becoming an essential component of biorefineries for valorizing lignocellulosic biomass due to its great versatility in assimilating a wide spectrum of carbonaceous materials. The integration of anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis of its digestates for enhanced waste treatment was studied. A theoretical analysis was performed for three scenarios based on the thermal needs of the process: The treatment of swine manure (scenario 1), co-digestion with crop wastes (scenario 2), and addition of residual glycerine (scenario 3). The selected plant design basis was to produce biochar and electricity via combined heat and power units. For electricity production, the best performing scenario was scenario 3 (producing three times more electricity than scenario 1), with scenario 2 resulting in the highest production of biochar (double the biochar production and 1.7 times more electricity than scenario 1), but being highly penalized by the great thermal demand associated with digestate dewatering. Sensitivity analysis was performed using a central composite design, predominantly to evaluate the bio-oil yield and its high heating value, as well as digestate dewatering. Results demonstrated the effect of these parameters on electricity production and on the global thermal demand of the plant. The main significant factor was the solid content attained in the dewatering process, which excessively penalized the global process for values lower than 25% TS.

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