scholarly journals Potential Fields in Fluid Mechanics: A Review of Two Classical Approaches and Related Recent Advances

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Scholle ◽  
Florian Marner ◽  
Philip H. Gaskell
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
First Integral ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Potential Fields ◽  
Galilean Invariance ◽  
Tensor Potential ◽  
Airy’S Stress Function ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Classical Potential ◽  
Classical Potential Theory

The use of potential fields in fluid dynamics is retraced, ranging from classical potential theory to recent developments in this evergreen research field. The focus is centred on two major approaches and their advancements: (i) the Clebsch transformation and (ii) the classical complex variable method utilising Airy’s stress function, which can be generalised to a first integral methodology based on the introduction of a tensor potential and parallels drawn with Maxwell’s theory. Basic questions relating to the existence and gauge freedoms of the potential fields and the satisfaction of the boundary conditions required for closure are addressed; with respect to (i), the properties of self-adjointness and Galilean invariance are of particular interest. The application and use of both approaches is explored through the solution of four purposely selected problems; three of which are tractable analytically, the fourth requiring a numerical solution. In all cases, the results obtained are found to be in excellent agreement with corresponding solutions available in the open literature.

Green Synthesized Nanomaterials as Theranostic Platforms for Cancer Treatment: Principles, Challenges and the Road Ahead

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1311-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pala Rajasekharreddy ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Siddhardha Busi ◽  
Jobina Rajkumari ◽  
Ming-Hong Tai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Road ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Theranostic Applications ◽  
Insight Into

With the emergence of nanotechnology, new methods have been developed for engineering various nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Nanotheranostics is a burgeoning research field with tremendous prospects for the improvement of diagnosis and treatment of various cancers. However, the development of biocompatible and efficient drug/gene delivery theranostic systems still remains a challenge. Green synthetic approach of nanoparticles with low capital and operating expenses, reduced environmental pollution and better biocompatibility and stability is a latest and novel field, which is advantageous over chemical or physical nanoparticle synthesis methods. In this article, we summarize the recent research progresses related to green synthesized nanoparticles for cancer theranostic applications, and we also conclude with a look at the current challenges and insight into the future directions based on recent developments in these areas.

scholarly journals The evolving definition of salivary gland stem cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Rocchi ◽  
Lara Barazzuol ◽  
Rob P. Coppes
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Adult Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Research Field ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractDysfunction of the salivary gland and irreversible hyposalivation are the main side effects of radiotherapy treatment for head and neck cancer leading to a drastic decrease of the quality of life of the patients. Approaches aimed at regenerating damaged salivary glands have been proposed as means to provide long-term restoration of tissue function in the affected patients. In studies to elucidate salivary gland regenerative mechanisms, more and more evidence suggests that salivary gland stem/progenitor cell behavior, like many other adult tissues, does not follow that of the hard-wired professional stem cells of the hematopoietic system. In this review, we provide evidence showing that several cell types within the salivary gland epithelium can serve as stem/progenitor-like cells. While these cell populations seem to function mostly as lineage-restricted progenitors during homeostasis, we indicate that upon damage specific plasticity mechanisms might be activated to take part in regeneration of the tissue. In light of these insights, we provide an overview of how recent developments in the adult stem cell research field are changing our thinking of the definition of salivary gland stem cells and their potential plasticity upon damage. These new perspectives may have important implications on the development of new therapeutic approaches to rescue radiation-induced hyposalivation.

scholarly journals A conceptual simulation workflow to guide design decisions regarding the effects of daylight on occupants’ alertness

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012116
Author(s):  
Pierson Clotilde ◽  
Soto Magán Victoria Eugenia ◽  
Aarts Mariëlle ◽  
Andersen Marilyne
Keyword(s):  
Light Exposure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Spectral Simulation ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Recent developments in the lighting research field have demonstrated the importance of a proper exposure to light to mediate several of our behavioral and physiological responses. However, we spend nowadays around 90% of our time indoors with an often quite limited access to bright daylight. To be able to anticipate how much the built environment actually influences our light exposure, and how much it may ultimately impact our health, well-being, and productivity, new computational tools are needed. In this paper, we present a first attempt at a simulation workflow that integrates a spectral simulation tool with a light-driven prediction model of alertness. The goal is to optimize the effects of light on building occupants, by informing the decision makers about the impact of different design choices. The workflow is applied to a case study to provide an example of what learnings can be expected from it.

From 2BeOn Results to New Media Challenges for Social (i)TV

2010 ◽  
pp. 222-242
Author(s):  
Jorge Ferraz Abreu ◽  
Pedro Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
New Media ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Research Field ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Recent Developments

This chapter focuses on traditional and emergent challenges for the Social (i)TV area focusing on explaining the development and evaluation of one of the first Social iTV prototypes and looking at the challenges new media is introducing to this research field. The authors begin by explaining the conceptualization, development and evaluation process of the 2BeOn system and continue with the most important results from it’s evaluation with a particular focus on the results that can be important when developing any Social iTV platform. In the last part of the chapter recent developments in the broadcast of TV and Audiovisual content, namely considering the Internet as a medium, are addressed. In this scope authors propose a categorization of emergent online distribution platforms along with a set of social activities users perform on those platforms. Taking in consideration some of the challenges surrounding the presented scenario the chapter ends with the conceptualization of UMCA, a system that could increase social interaction activities performed during the consumption of online AV/TV content.

scholarly journals Harmonic morphisms applied to classical potential theory

2011 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 107-126
Author(s):  
Bent Fuglede
Keyword(s):  
Potential Theory ◽  
Unit Sphere ◽  
Harmonic Morphisms ◽  
Harmonic Morphism ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Superharmonic Functions ◽  
Radial Projection ◽  
Classical Potential ◽  
Classical Potential Theory

AbstractIt is shown that ifϕdenotes a harmonic morphism of type Bl between suitable Brelot harmonic spacesXandY, then a functionf, defined on an open setV ⊂ Y, is superharmonic if and only iff ∘ ϕis superharmonic onϕ–1(V) ⊂ X. The “only if” part is due to Constantinescu and Cornea, withϕdenoting any harmonic morphism between two Brelot spaces. A similar result is obtained for finely superharmonic functions defined on finely open sets. These results apply, for example, to the case whereϕis the projection from ℝNto ℝn(N > n ≥1) or whereϕis the radial projection from ℝN\ {0} to the unit sphere in ℝN(N≥ 2).

Amino acids and biogenic amines as food quality factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Simon Sarkadi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Recent Developments

Abstract The importance of amino acids and biogenic amines is widely recognised in various fields, particularly in the fields of food science and nutrition. This mini-review contains a summary of my main research field that centres on aspects of Food Quality and Food Safety, with a particular emphasis on amino acids and biogenic amines. It also gives an overview of the recent developments on the related areas.

On the Dynamic Stability of Fluid-Conveying Pipes

1973 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Weaver ◽  
T. E. Unny
Keyword(s):  
Potential Theory ◽  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Thin Shell ◽  
Critical Flow ◽  
Thin Shells ◽  
Classical Potential ◽  
Classical Potential Theory ◽  
Limiting Case ◽  
Beam Mode ◽  
Fluid Conveying Pipes

This paper presents a general analysis of the dynamic stability of a finite-length, fluid-conveying pipe. The Flu¨gge-Kempner equation is used in conjunction with classical potential theory so that circumferential modes as well as the usual beam modes may be considered. The cylinders are found to become unstable statically at first but flutter is predicted for higher velocities. The critical flow velocities for short, thin shells are associated with a number of circumferential waves. This number reduces for thicker and longer shells until the instability is in a beam mode. When the limiting case of a long thin shell is taken, it is found to agree with previous results obtained using a simpler beam approach.

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