scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Two Algae-Lysing Bacteria against Microcystis aeruginosa

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2485
Author(s):  
Jing Yang ◽  
Kai Qiao ◽  
Junping Lv ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Fangru Nan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Algicidal Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Isolation And Identification

Algae blooms present an environmental problem worldwide. In response to the outbreak of harmful algal blooms in cyanobacteria, the role of biological control has drawn wide attention, particularly for algicidal bacteria. The mechanism underlying algicidal activity was determined in our study. Algae-lysing bacteria used were separated from water and sediment collected from the Fenhe scenic spot of Taiyuan. Genetic and molecular identification was conducted by polymerase chain reaction amplification based on 16S rDNA gene. These bacterial strains were identified as Raoultella planticola and Aeromonas sp. The algae-lysing characteristics were evaluated on Microcystis aeruginosa. For the two algicidal bacteria, the high inoculation ratio (>8%) of bacteria strains contributed to the lytic effect. M. aeruginosa could be completely removed by these strains at different cell ages. However, the time used decreased with an increase in cell age. The removal rate was increased while M. aeruginosa was in the lag and logarithmic phases. The earlier bacteria strains could be inoculated, the sooner all algae could be removed. Both algicidal substances were protein, which could destroy the photosynthetic systems and break the cell of M. aeruginosa. The algicidal bacteria strain has important theoretical and practical significance for economic and feasible algae removal and provides good germplasm resources and technical support for the control of cyanobacterial bloom.

scholarly journals Study on the metabolites of DH-e, a Halomonas marine bacterium, against three toxic dinoflagellate species

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1535-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Wang ◽  
Liling Xie ◽  
Xingbiao Zhu ◽  
Xiao Bi ◽  
Yuzhong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Alexandrium Tamarense ◽  
Algicidal Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Algicidal Bacterium ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence Analysis ◽  
Acetone Peroxide

Abstract Algicidal bacteria play an important role in mitigating harmful algal blooms (HABs). In the study, five bacterial strains were isolated from the East China Sea. One strain of algicidal bacterium, named DH-e, was found to selectively inhibit the motor ability of Prorocentrum donghaiense, Alexandrium tamarense (ATDH-47) and Karenia mikimotoi Hansen. Both 16S rDNA sequence analysis and morphological characteristics revealed that the algicidal DH-e bacterium belonged to Halomonas. Furthermore, results showed that the metabolites in the DH-e cell-free filtrate could kill algae directly, and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the bacterial metabolites on the cells of the three dinoflagellate species ranged from 35.0–70.0 μg/mL. Following short-term inhibitory tests, the dinoflagellates in mixed crude extract solution (0.7 mg/mL) ceased movement after 5 min. The algicidal mechanism of the metabolites was investigated through enzyme activities, including that of catalase (CAT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acetone peroxide (T-ATP) synthetase and nitrite reductase (NR). Results indicated that metabolites did not disrupt the energy or nutrient routes of the algae (P > 0.05), but did initiate an increase in free radicals in the algal cells, which might explain the subsequent death of sensitive algae. Thus, the metabolites of the DH-e bacterium showed promising potential for controlling HABs.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Analysis of Microcystis aeruginosa Co-Cultured with Algicidal Bacteria Brevibacillus laterosporus

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8615
Author(s):  
Yulei Zhang ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Xiaoxia Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Algicidal Bacteria ◽  
Brevibacillus Laterosporus ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Harmful algal blooms caused huge ecological damage and economic losses around the world. Controlling algal blooms by algicidal bacteria is expected to be an effective biological control method. The current study investigated the molecular mechanism of harmful cyanobacteria disrupted by algicidal bacteria. Microcystis aeruginosa was co-cultured with Brevibacillus laterosporus Bl-zj, and RNA-seq based transcriptomic analysis was performed compared to M. aeruginosa, which was cultivated separately. A total of 1706 differentially expressed genes were identified, which were mainly involved in carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism. In the co-cultured group, the expression of genes mainly enriched in photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation were significantly inhibited. However, the expression of the genes related to fatty acid synthesis increased. In addition, the expression of the antioxidant enzymes, such as 2-Cys peroxiredoxin, was increased. These results suggested that B. laterosporus could block the electron transport by attacking the PSI system and complex I of M. aeruginosa, affecting the energy acquisition and causing oxidative damage. This further led to the lipid peroxidation of the microalgal cell membrane, resulting in algal death. The transcriptional analysis of algicidal bacteria in the interaction process can be combined to explain the algicidal mechanism in the future.

scholarly journals Occurrence of a single-species cyanobacterial bloom in a lake in Cyprus: monitoring and treatment with hydrogen peroxide-releasing granules

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Keliri ◽  
Christia Paraskeva ◽  
Angelos Sofokleous ◽  
Assaf Sukenik ◽  
Dariusz Dziga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Liquid Hydrogen ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Forest Park

AbstractBackgroundExcess loads of nutrients finding their way into waterbodies can cause rapid and excessive growth of phytoplankton species and lead to the formation of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyano-HABs). Toxic cyanobacteria produce a broad range of bioactive metabolites, some of which are known as cyanotoxins. These metabolites can negatively impact the ecosystem, and human and animal health, thus their presence needs to be closely monitored and mitigated. This study aimed to monitor St. George Lake (Athalassa National Forest Park, Cyprus) for its water quality characteristics, and initiate a new methodology to control the bloom that occurred in the lake during summer 2019, by comparing hydrogen peroxide treatment with novel metallic peroxide granules as source of hydrogen peroxide.ResultsLake monitoring showed that pH, salinity, total dissolved solids and conductivity varied throughout the year, and nutrients concentration was high, indicating a eutrophic lake. The cyanobacteriumMerismopediasp. bloomed in the lake between June and September 2019, comprising up to 99% of the phytoplankton biovolume. The presence of microcystin synthase encoding gene (mcyB, mcyE) was documented, however microcystins were not detected by tandem mass spectroscopy. Treatment with liquid hydrogen peroxide in concentrations 1 to 5 mg L−1had no effect on the phycocyanin fluorescence (Ft) and quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) indicating an ineffective treatment for the denseMerismopediabloom (1 million cells mL−1 ± 20%). Metallic peroxide granules tested for their H2O2releasing capacity in St. George Lake water, showing that CaO2released higher H2O2concentration and therefore have better mitigation efficiency than MgO2granules.ConclusionThe present study highlights the importance of monitoring several water parameters to conclude on the different actions to be taken to limit eutrophication in the catchment area. The findings demonstrated that testing for the presence of genes involved in cyanotoxin production may not be sufficient to follow cyanotoxins in the water, therefore it should be accompanied with analytical confirmation. Treatment experiments indicated that slow release of H2O2from peroxide granules may be an alternative to liquid hydrogen peroxide when applied in appropriate doses, but further investigation is needed before it is applied at the field.Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Algicidal Activity of Novel Indigenous Bacterial Strain, Paracoccus Sp., Against Harmful Algal Bloom Species, Karenia Mikimotoi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Ding ◽  
Wenjun Du ◽  
Yanlou Feng ◽  
Yuhao Song ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Harmful Algal Bloom ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Algicidal Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Karenia Mikimotoi

Abstract Harmful algal blooms have deleterious effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. The application of algicidal bacteria is a promising and environmentally friendly method of preventing and eradicating harmful algal blooms. In this study, a screen for algicidal agents against harmful algal blooms was used to identify an algicidal bacterial strain isolated from a Karenia mikimotoi culture. Strain O-1 exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on harmful K. mikimotoi and was identified as a Paracoccus species via 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. This strain killed K. mikimotoi by secreting active algicidal compounds, which were stable at temperatures of -80–121 °C, but these substances were sensitive to strongly acidic conditions. The algicidal properties of strain O-1 against K. mikimotoi were cell density- and time-dependent. No significant changes or negative effects were noted for two other Chlorophyta species, which highlighted the specificity of the studied algicidal substance. Finally, single-factor experiments revealed the optimum growth conditions of strain O-1 under different pH and temperature conditions. Strain O-1 therefore has potential as a bio-agent for reducing the biomass of harmful K. mikimotoi blooms.

scholarly journals Nutrient Control to Prevent the Occurrence of Cyanobacterial Blooms in a Eutrophic Lake in Southern Sweden, Used for Drinking Water Supply

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Lars-Anders Hansson ◽  
Kenneth M. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Future Work

Control of nutrients, mainly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), plays a significant role in preventing cyanobacterial blooms (harmful algal blooms (HABs)). This study aimed at evaluating changes in the risk of the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms and advancing the understanding of how N and P affect the growth of cyanobacteria in a eutrophic lake, Lake Vombsjön, in southern Sweden. Statistical analysis was used to demonstrate the pattern of cyanobacterial blooms, that the highest content present in September and the later that algal blooms occur, the more likely it is a cyanobacterial bloom as cyanobacteria became dominating in October and November (90%). Two hypothesises tested in Lake Vombsjön confirmed namely that a high total phosphorus (TP) level correlates with an abundance of cyanobacteria and that low N:P ratio (total nitrogen/total phosphorus < 20) favours the growth of cyanobacteria. To control the growth of cyanobacteria in Lake Vombsjön, the TP level should be kept below 20 µg/L and the N:P ratio be maintained at a level of over 20. The two species Planktothrix agardhii, and Pseudanabaena spp. should be carefully monitored especially in late autumn. Future work should consider any high degree of leakage from the sediment of the dissolved phosphorus available there.

scholarly journals Measurement of Cyanobacterial Bloom Magnitude using Satellite Remote Sensing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachidananda Mishra ◽  
Richard P. Stumpf ◽  
Blake A. Schaeffer ◽  
P. Jeremy Werdell ◽  
Keith A. Loftin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data

AbstractCyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) are a serious environmental, water quality and public health issue worldwide because of their ability to form dense biomass and produce toxins. Models and algorithms have been developed to detect and quantify cyanoHABs biomass using remotely sensed data but not for quantifying bloom magnitude, information that would guide water quality management decisions. We propose a method to quantify seasonal and annual cyanoHAB magnitude in lakes and reservoirs. The magnitude is the spatiotemporal mean of weekly or biweekly maximum cyanobacteria biomass for the season or year. CyanoHAB biomass is quantified using a standard reflectance spectral shape-based algorithm that uses data from Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS). We demonstrate the method to quantify annual and seasonal cyanoHAB magnitude in Florida and Ohio (USA) respectively during 2003–2011 and rank the lakes based on median magnitude over the study period. The new method can be applied to Sentinel-3 Ocean Land Color Imager (OLCI) data for assessment of cyanoHABs and the change over time, even with issues such as variable data acquisition frequency or sensor calibration uncertainties between satellites. CyanoHAB magnitude can support monitoring and management decision-making for recreational and drinking water sources.

scholarly journals Intercalibration of MERIS, MODIS, and OLCI Satellite Imagers for Construction of Past, Present, and Future Cyanobacterial Biomass Time Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2305
Author(s):  
Timothy T. Wynne ◽  
Sachidananda Mishra ◽  
Andrew Meredith ◽  
R. Wayne Litaker ◽  
Richard P. Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Spectral Shape ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Resolution Imaging

Satellite imagery has been used to monitor and assess Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs), specifically, cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Erie (the USA and Canada) for over twelve years. In recent years, imagery has been applied to the other Great Lakes as well as other U.S. lakes. The key algorithm used in this monitoring system is the cyanobacterial index (CI), a measure of the chlorophyll found in cyanobacterial blooms. The CI is a “spectral shape” (or curvature) algorithm, which is a form of the second derivative around the 681 nm (MERIS/OLCI) or 678 nm (MODIS) band, which is robust and implicitly includes an atmospheric correction, allowing reliable use for many more scenes than analytical algorithms. Monitoring of cyanobacterial blooms with the CI began with the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) sensor (2002–2012). With the loss of data from MERIS in the spring of 2012, the monitoring system shifted to using NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). MODIS has bands that allow computation of a CI product, which was intercalibrated with MERIS at the time to establish a conversion of MODIS CI to MERIS CI. In 2016, ESA launched the Ocean and Land Color Imager (OLCI), the replacement for MERIS, on the Sentinel-3 spacecraft. MODIS can serve two purposes. It can provide a critical data set for the blooms of 2012–2015, and it offers a bridge from MERIS to OLCI. We propose a basin-wide integrated technique for intercalibrating the CI algorithm from MODIS to both MERIS and OLCI. This method allowed us to intercalibrate OLCI CI to MERIS CI, which would then allow the production of a 20-year and ongoing record of cyanobacterial bloom activity. This approach also allows updates as sensor calibrations change or new sensors are launched, and it could be readily applied to spectral shape algorithms.

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