scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of High-Efficiency Magnetic Heavy Metal Capture Flocculants

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1732
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Yu ◽  
Yongjun Sun ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Aowen Chen ◽  
Kinjal J. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Response Surface Optimization ◽  
Metal Capture ◽  
Total Monomer Concentration

In this study, a high-efficiency magnetic heavy metal flocculant MF@AA was prepared based on carboxymethyl chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4. It was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XPS, XRD and VSM, and the Cu(II) removal rate was used as the evaluation basis for the preparation process. The effects of AMPS content, total monomer concentration, photoinitiator concentration and reaction time on the performance of MF@AA flocculation to remove Cu(II) were studied. The characterization results show that MF@AA has been successfully prepared and exhibits good magnetic induction characteristics. The synthesis results show that under the conditions of 10% AMPS content, 35% total monomer concentration, 0.04% photoinitiator concentration, and 1.5 h reaction time, the best yield of MF@AA is 77.69%. The best removal rate is 87.65%. In addition, the response surface optimization of the synthesis process of MF@AA was performed. The optimal synthesis ratio was finally determined as iron content 6.5%, CMFS: 29.5%, AM: 53.9%, AMPS: 10.1%. High-efficiency magnetic heavy metal flocculant MF@AA shows excellent flocculation performance in removing Cu(II). This research provides guidance and ideas for the development of efficient and low-cost flocculation technology to remove Cu(II) in wastewater.

Preparation of Hydrated Calcium Silicate Gel and its Adsorption Properties for Cu(II)

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 1445-1449
Author(s):  
Shi Jie Liu ◽  
Su Ping Cui ◽  
Hong Xia Guo ◽  
Ya Li Wang ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Hydrated Calcium Silicate ◽  
Adsorption Performance ◽  
Optimum Reaction

Calcium silicate hydrate gel (CSH) was synthesized by calcium acetate and sodium silicate. The structure and morphology of CSH were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy. The adsorption performance of CSH was measured by static adsorption method. The results show that CSH has porous structure and large specific surface area, and the optimum reaction conditions is the reaction temperature of 25°C and calcium-silicon ratio of 1.2. It has the maximum adsorption capacity of more than 150 mg/g and the removal rate of more than 86% with Cu2+. And it shows the excellent adsorption performance, even when the concentration of Cu2+ is less than 200mg/L, the removal rate is above 90%. The research may provide a low-cost and high-efficiency adsorbent.

scholarly journals Controlled Morphology and Its Effects on the Thermoelectric Properties of SnSe2 Thin Films

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 942
Author(s):  
Muhammad Siyar ◽  
Maroosha Farid ◽  
Haad Khan ◽  
Malik Adeel Umar ◽  
Waqas Hassan Tanveer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Electrical Transport ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Electrical Transport Properties ◽  
Phase Purity ◽  
Tin Selenide ◽  
Controlled Morphology

In the last few years, the thermoelectric properties of tin selenide (SnSe) have been explored in much detail due to its high efficiency and green nature, being free of Te and Pb. In the same chalcogenide family, SnSe2 is also a layered structured material, but its thermoelectric potential has not been widely explored experimentally. Since SnSe2 has the layered structure, its electrical transport properties may strongly be affected by its microstructure and morphology. Here, we report the effect of reaction time on the structure, phase, and morphology of the SnSe2 during solvothermal synthesis process. We have studied four SnSe2 samples with different reaction times. The sample obtained after 16 h of reaction time was named as M1, for 20 h M2, similarly for 24 h was M3 and for 48 hours’ time, the sample was named as M4. We investigated its thermoelectric properties and found that phase purity and morphology can affect the thermoelectric performance of the synthesized samples. The peak power factor (PF) value along the ab plane was (0.69 μWcm−1K−2) for the M4 sample at 575 K, which was the highest among all the measured samples. The comparatively larger PF value of sample M4 can be related to the increase in its electrical conductivity due to increase in phase purity and band gap reduction.

scholarly journals Toward Eco-Friendly Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs): Natural Dyes and Aqueous Electrolytes

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Ji-Hye Kim ◽  
Dong-Hyuk Kim ◽  
Ju-Hee So ◽  
Hyung-Jun Koo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
High Power Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Ru Complex ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Due to their low cost, facile fabrication, and high-power conversion efficiency (PCE), dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted much attention. Ruthenium (Ru) complex dyes and organic solvent-based electrolytes are typically used in high-efficiency DSSCs. However, Ru dyes are expensive and require a complex synthesis process. Organic solvents are toxic, environmentally hazardous, and explosive, and can cause leakage problems due to their low surface tension. This review summarizes and discusses previous works to replace them with natural dyes and water-based electrolytes to fabricate low-cost, safe, biocompatible, and environmentally friendly DSSCs. Although the performance of “eco-friendly DSSCs” remains less than 1%, continuous efforts to improve the PCE can accelerate the development of more practical devices, such as designing novel redox couples and photosensitizers, interfacial engineering of photoanodes and electrolytes, and biomimetic approaches inspired by natural systems.

Mussel-inspired synthesis of polydopamine-functionalized calcium carbonate as reusable adsorbents for heavy metal ions

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (88) ◽  
pp. 47848-47852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyong Li ◽  
Zhong-ji Qian ◽  
Chunxia Zhou ◽  
Weiming Su ◽  
Pengzhi Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
High Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Multiple Adsorption

A new high-efficiency adsorbent (PDA-CaCO3) is fabricated via simple thermal calcination ostracean shells and chemical modification with dopamine. It can be easily regenerated by low-cost reagents, and exhibited high adsorption capacity after multiple adsorption–desorption cycles.

Performance of Treating Domestic Sewage with Coagulation-Ultrafiltration System

2015 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 557-560
Author(s):  
Hui Yuan Zhong ◽  
Guan Yi Liu ◽  
Jun Xia Li ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membrane ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Organic Particles

This study used coagulation - ultrafiltration technology for domestic sewage treatment, which was used widely in water supply and secondary treatment with sewage, in order to achieve high efficiency, low-cost, integrated treatment of domestic sewage treatment. This article chooses fly ash coagulant is not only simple preparation process, low cost, and with the traditional aluminum chloride and ferric chloride coagulation effect. The research results show that the coagulation can make the organic particles size distribution to move to larger particles area and significantly reduce colloidal substance. Ultrafiltration membrane system can further remove the coagulation treatment failed to completely remove polymer and part in the process of low molecular substances, to achieve high organic matter removal efficiency. The backwash of ultrafiltration membrane can make membrane flux recovery by about 80%. This system of SS can remove more than 95%, COD removal rate can reach 60% ~ 70%.

scholarly journals Synthesis of iron phosphate-SAPO-34 composite and its application as effective absorbent for wastewater treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Ying Cao ◽  
Lianmei Wei ◽  
Xianzhen Song ◽  
Xixi Yan ◽  
Xiaoyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Crystallization Time ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystallization Method ◽  
Ft Ir

High-purity FePO4 was purified from iron-based phosphating slag as raw material, and FePO4@SAPO-34 was synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization method under the action of templating agent-diethylamine. The synth esized FePO4@SAPO-34 samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SE M) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The effects of different crystallization time on the morpholo gy and crystallization of FePO4@SAPO-34 crystals were investigated. The removal of heavy metal ion wastewater by low-cost FePO4@SAPO-34 was investigated. The experimental results show that when the reaction time is 180 °C an d the reaction time is 72h, the crystallization of FePO4@SAPO-34 is the best. When the dosage is 0.6g, the removal efficiency of heavy metal ions is the highest.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) from aqueous solutions by biochar derived from Chaenomeles sinensis seed

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2260-2272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Hu ◽  
Jianyang Song ◽  
Hongyu Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Heavy Metal Remediation ◽  
Chaenomeles Sinensis ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Isotherms And Thermodynamics ◽  
Ph Range

Abstract In order to utilize the discarded Chaenomeles sinensis seed (CSS) and develop low-cost biochar for heavy metal pollution control, this study pyrolyzed CSS to prepare biochar at three different temperatures (300, 450 and 600 °C). The physicochemical properties of CSS biochar such as elemental composition, surface area, surface morphology and surface functional groups were characterized. Its adsorption properties including kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were studied. The results showed that the adsorption equilibrium was reached at 5 h, which was relatively fast. CSS biochar prepared at 450 °C (CSS450) had the maximum adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) and Cu(II), which was 93.19 mg/g and 105.12 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic parameter ΔG0 < 0 and the isotherm parameter RL between 0 and 1 all revealed the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption process. The removal of Cr(VI) exhibited high efficiency in a wide pH range (1–10), while the removal of Cu(II) was pH-dependent and optimal at pH = 6. The coexisting ions in the solution showed slight inhibition of the adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II). Additionally, Cu(II) exhibited better affinity for CSS450 than Cr(VI) in dynamic adsorption. This is the first study to prepare biochar from CSS and confirms its potential application for heavy metal remediation.

scholarly journals Towards an environmentally and economically sustainable biorefinery: heavy metal contaminated waste wood as a low-cost feedstock in a low-cost ionic liquid process

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 5032-5041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence J. V. Gschwend ◽  
Louis M. Hennequin ◽  
Agnieszka Brandt-Talbot ◽  
Franky Bedoya-Lora ◽  
Geoffrey H. Kelsall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
Short Reaction Time ◽  
Contaminated Waste ◽  
Liquid Process

In the present study, we used a low-cost protic ionic liquid, 1-methylimidazolium chloride, to simultaneously fractionate heavy metal contaminated wood and extract the metals from the wood at elevated temperature and short reaction time.

Modeling Material Removal Rate of Heavy Belt-Grinding in Manufacturing of U71Mn Material

2016 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 1082-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Quan Wang ◽  
Jian Yong Li ◽  
Yue Ming Liu ◽  
Wen Xi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Belt Grinding ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Modeling Material ◽  
Abrasive Cutting

The heavy belt-grinding is a new machining method, which combined the characters of heavy-duty grinding and belt-grinding together, with high efficiency and low cost. In the present paper the removal rate model of heavy belt-grinding in manufacturing of U71Mn steel is established. It is assumed that the distribution of the abrasive particles protrusion height of the abrasive belt surface closes to Gaussian distribution. The model is presented by calculating the removal volumes of all abrasive grains contributing to cutting action based on the probability theory, elastic-plastic mechanics and abrasive cutting theory. It is analysis that the material removal rate depends essentially on the mechanical properties of the workpiece and the belt and the grinding conditions. It is proportional to the average pressure, belt velocity and the indentation depth and is inverse proportion to the grain size.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Co-Existing in Water: A New Mechanism to Boost Boron Removal by Calcined Oyster Shell Powder

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Chi-Hao Yang-Zhou ◽  
Jia-Xin Cao ◽  
Shan-Shan Dong ◽  
Su-Hua Chen ◽  
Ruby N. Michael
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Synergistic Mechanism ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shell Powder

The removal of boron (B) from water by co-precipitation with hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been extensively studied due to its low cost, ease of use and high efficiency. However, there is no explicit mechanism to express how resolved B was trapped by HAP. Thus, in this work, the process of removing B from water was studied using a low-cost calcium (Ca) precipitation agent derived from used waste oyster shells. The results showed that the removal rate of B in the simulated wastewater by calcined oyster shell (COS) in the presence of phosphorus (P) is up to more than 90%, as opposed to virtually no removal without phosphate. For B removal, the treated water needs to be an alkaline solution with a high pH above 12, where B is removed as [CaB(OH)4]+ but is not molecular. Finally, the synergistic mechanism of co-precipitation between HAP and dissolved B, occlusion co-precipitation, was explained in detail. The proposed method discovered the relationship between Ca, P and B, and was aimed at removing B without secondary pollution through co-precipitation.

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