Do Single-Component and Mixtures Selected Organic UV Filters Induce Embryotoxic Effects in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)?

UVs are important ingredients in common cosmetic products (e.g., sunscreens, hairsprays, soap). After their use, they can enter the aquatic ecosystem and negatively affect non-target aquatic organisms. The aim of our study was to evaluate acute embryotoxicity of selected organic UVs 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA), ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC), octocrylene (OC), 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) and benzophenone-3 (BP-3). The chemicals were tested both as a single substance and their mixtures. The types of mixtures were chosen as follows: the combination of OC and 4-MBC; the combination of PBSA, EHMC and BP-3 and the combination of all five UV filters. The embryotoxicity was evaluated using a modified method of the Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity Test-OECD guideline 236 and zebrafish (Danio rerio) was selected as a suitable fish model organism. The toxic effects were studied by assessing mortality, hatching and the occurrence of malformations at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post fertilization. The obtained results indicate that especially the mixture of OC and 4-MBC presents a potential risk of embryotoxicity for zebrafish due to a significant increase in mortality, which was 41.7% in the experimental group exposed to 10 μg/L at 96 h post fertilization. Based on our results, the most effected sub-lethal endpoints were hatching and malformation (e.g., edema of pericard, bent spine, yolk edema), but with no statistically significant effect. These results differ within groups with single UVs and with their mixtures, suggesting the interaction of these substances when they are exposed together.

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Toxicity of Aqueous L-Selenomethionine and Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide Exposure to Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos Following Tert-Butyl Hydroquinone Treatment

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics7030044 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 44 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Allyson K. Gerhart ◽

David M. Janz

Keyword(s):

Danio Rerio ◽

Model Organism ◽

Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽

Tert Butyl ◽

Range Finding ◽

Tert Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽

Waterborne Exposure ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Embryotoxic Effects ◽

Danio Rerio Embryos

Aqueous L-selenomethionine (SeMet) embryo exposures represent a rapid and simplified method for investigating the embryotoxic effects of SeMet. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism, the objective of the present study was to characterize the effects of waterborne exposure to both SeMet and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH) to early life stages of zebrafish pre-treated with the antioxidant tert-butyl hydroquinone (tBHQ) in an attempt to investigate the mechanism of Se toxicity as it relates to oxidative stress. During the initial concentration range finding experiment, recently fertilized embryos were exposed for five days to 5, 25, 125, and 625 µg Se/L (as SeMet). These exposures informed the second experiment in which embryos were exposed to two concentrations of SeMet (25 and 125 µg Se/L) and 75 mg/L tBOOH either with (tBOOH-t, 25-t, 125-t) or without (tBOOH, 25, 125) a 4 h 100 µg/L tBHQ pre-treatment. Survival, hatchability, time to hatch, the frequency and severity of deformities (total and type), and changes in the expression of seven antioxidant-associated genes were determined. Exposures to SeMet and tBOOH reduced hatchability, increased time to hatch, decreased survival, increased the incidence and severity of deformities, and increased glutathione-disulfide reductase (gsr) expression in the pre-treated tBOOH treatment group.

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Toxic or Not Toxic, That Is the Carbon Quantum Dot’s Question: A Comprehensive Evaluation with Zebrafish Embryo, Eleutheroembryo, and Adult Models

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13101598 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 1598

Author(s):

Chih-Yu Chung ◽

Yu-Ju Chen ◽

Chia-Hui Kang ◽

Hung-Yun Lin ◽

Chih-Ching Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zebrafish Embryo ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Carbon Quantum Dots ◽

Adult Zebrafish ◽

Fish Embryo ◽

Wide Range ◽

Different Types ◽

Low Toxicity

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are emerging novel nanomaterials with a wide range of applications and high biocompatibility. However, there is a lack of in-depth research on whether CQDs can cause acute or long-term adverse reactions in aquatic organisms. In this study, two different types of CQDs prepared by ammonia citrate and spermidine, namely CQDAC and CQDSpd, were used to evaluate their biocompatibilities. In the fish embryo acute toxicity test (FET), the LD50 of CQDAC and CQDSpd was about 500 and 100 ppm. During the stage of eleutheroembryo, the LD50 decreased to 340 and 55 ppm, respectively. However, both CQDs were quickly eliminated from embryo and eleutheroembryo, indicating a lack of bioaccumulation. Long-term accumulation of CQDs was also performed in this study, and adult zebrafish showed no adverse effects in 12 weeks. In addition, there was no difference in the hatchability and deformity rates of offspring produced by adult zebrafish, regardless of whether they were fed CQDs or not. The results showed that both CQDAC and CQDSpd have low toxicity and bioaccumulation to zebrafish. Moreover, the toxicity assay developed in this study provides a comprehensive platform to assess the impacts of CQDs on aquatic organisms in the future.

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Toxicity investigation of CeO2 nanoparticles coated with glucose and exopolysaccharides levan and pullulan on the bacterium Vibrio fischeri and aquatic organisms Daphnia magna and Danio rerio

Aquatic Toxicology ◽

10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105867 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105867

Author(s):

Ivana Milenković ◽

Ksenija Radotić ◽

Jovana Despotović ◽

Branka Lončarević ◽

Marija Lješević ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Daphnia Magna ◽

Danio Rerio ◽

Vibrio Fischeri ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Ceo2 Nanoparticles

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Lethal effects of abamectin on the aquatic organisms Daphnia similis, Chironomus xanthus and Danio rerio

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.08.047 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 36-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Andréa Novelli ◽

Bruna Horvath Vieira ◽

Daniela Cordeiro ◽

Luciana Teresa Dias Cappelini ◽

Eny Maria Vieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Danio Rerio ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Lethal Effects ◽

Daphnia Similis

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Biodegradation of two organic UV-Filters by single bacteria strains

10.21203/rs.3.rs-302964/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Florentina Laura Chiriac ◽

Catalina Stoica ◽

Iuiana Paun ◽

Florinela Pirvu ◽

Toma Galaon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Emerging Contaminants ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Uv Filters ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Biodegradation Process ◽

Salmonella Thyphimurium ◽

Organic Uv Filters

Abstract Organic UV-filters, including 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4-HBP) and 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (BP-1), are persistent emerging contaminants whose presence in the environment poses a threat to aquatic organisms due to their endocrine disruptor’s properties. For this reason, finding suitable technological processes for their safety and efficient removal from the environment represent a priority for the scientific community. To the author’s knowledge, until now, there are no studies reporting the biodegradation of 4-HBP and BP-1 by a single bacteria strain. In this paper, there were tested the 4-HBP and BP-1 biodegradation potential of two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and two Gram-negative (Salmonella typhimurium and Serratia rubidae). The 4-HPB biodegradation process was observed only in the presence of Gram-negative bacterial strains. Thus, the biodegradation rates of 4-HBP reached up to 12.7% after 24h of incubation in presence of Salmonella thyphimurium and up to 24.0% after 24h of incubation with Serratia rubidae. Staphylococcus aureus was able to biodegrade 26.7% of BP-1, while Salmonella thiphymurium was able to biodegrade 14.7% of BP-1 after 24h of incubation. Their biodegradation products generated during the 4-HBP biodegradation process by Serratia rubidae were analyzed through LC-MS/MS analysis. The (bio)degradation products were benzophenone and a multi-hydroxylated derivative of 4-HBP and the degradation pathways were proposed. The data obtained in this study gave important information regarding the 4-HBP and BP-1 potential biodegradation by single bacterial strains.

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Acute toxicity of polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs) in three model aquatic organisms (Scenedesmus obliquus, Daphnia magna, and Danio rerio) of different trophic levels

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150366 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 805 ◽

pp. 150366

Author(s):

Wenhui Yang ◽

Xinxin Huang ◽

Qiuxuan Wu ◽

Jiaqi Shi ◽

Xuesheng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Daphnia Magna ◽

Danio Rerio ◽

Scenedesmus Obliquus ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Trophic Levels ◽

Diphenyl Ethers ◽

Polychlorinated Diphenyl Ethers

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Effect of Cadmium and Nickel Exposure on Early Development in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos

Water ◽

10.3390/w12113005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3005

Author(s):

Seyed Javid Aldavood ◽

Louise C. Abbott ◽

Zachary R. Evans ◽

Daniel J. Griffin ◽

MaKenzie D. Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Danio Rerio ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Total Body Length ◽

Hatching Rate ◽

Spontaneous Movement ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Combined Exposures ◽

Low Exposure ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Danio Rerio Embryos

Exposure to even low concentrations of heavy metals can be toxic to aquatic organisms, especially during embryonic development. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the toxicity of nickel and cadmium in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of each metal alone or in combination from 4 h through to 72 h postfertilization. Neither metal altered survival, but individual and combined exposures decreased hatching rate. Whereas cadmium did not affect total body length, trunk area, eye diameter, or eye area, nickel alone and in combination with cadmium decreased each morphological parameter. Yolk sac area, an index of metabolic rate, was not affected by nickel, but was larger in embryos exposed to high cadmium concentrations or nickel and cadmium combined at high concentrations. Nickel decreased spontaneous movement, whereas cadmium alone or nickel and cadmium combined had no effect. Neither metal altered elicited movement, but nickel and cadmium combined decreased elicited movement. Myosin protein expression in skeletal muscle was not altered by cadmium exposure. However, exposure to nickel at low concentrations and combined exposure to nickel and cadmium decreased myosin expression. Overall, nickel was more toxic than cadmium. In conclusion, we observed that combined exposures had a greater effect on movement than gross morphology, and no significant additive or synergistic interactions were present. These results imply that nickel and cadmium are toxic to developing embryos, even at very low exposure concentrations, and that these metals act via different mechanisms.

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Zebrafish Models for Pathogenic Vibrios

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.00165-20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 202 (24) ◽

Author(s):

Dhrubajyoti Nag ◽

Dustin A. Farr ◽

Madison G. Walton ◽

Jeffrey H. Withey

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Danio Rerio ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Transgenic Fish ◽

Imaging Studies ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Content Type ◽

Fish Model ◽

Pathogenic Vibrios

ABSTRACT Vibrio is a large and diverse genus of bacteria, of which most are nonpathogenic species found in the aquatic environment. However, a subset of the Vibrio genus includes several species that are highly pathogenic, either to humans or to aquatic animals. In recent years, Danio rerio, commonly known as the zebrafish, has emerged as a major animal model used for studying nearly every aspect of biology, including infectious diseases. Zebrafish are especially useful because the embryos are transparent, larvae are small and facilitate imaging studies, and numerous transgenic fish strains have been constructed. Zebrafish models for several pathogenic Vibrio species have been described, and indeed a fish model is highly relevant for the study of aquatic bacterial pathogens. Here, we summarize the zebrafish models that have been used to study pathogenic Vibrio species to date.

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