scholarly journals Combined Application of Ozone and Hydrogen Peroxide to Degrade Diesel Contaminants in Soil and Groundwater

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3404
Author(s):  
Wen-Yu Chen ◽  
Prakash Pokhrel ◽  
Ying-Shun Wang ◽  
Sheng-Lung Lin ◽  
Min-Hsin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vapor Extraction ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
The Difference

Environmental pollution has been a major concern in recent times, and soil and groundwater pollution are areas which have received particular focus. This has led to the development of various remediation techniques such as excavation, soil vapor extraction, bioremediation, chemical oxidation, and so on. Among all remediation techniques, chemical oxidation has been proven to be the most effective and feasible technique around the world. In this study, various combinations of ozone and hydrogen peroxide were used to treat diesel-contaminated soil and groundwater in an experimental setup. Experimental soil and groundwater were prepared with properties similar to the contaminated soil. An ozone generator and a pump injection system were deployed for combining ozone and hydrogen peroxide. Five different experiment batches were prepared based on the hydrogen peroxide concentration and its ratio to the soil. The diesel concentration in the water dropped from 300 mg/L to 7 mg/L in the first hour of treatment, which dropped below the detection limit (0.01 mg/L) thereafter. Similarly, 63.9% degradation was achieved with the combined sparging of ozone and hydrogen peroxide in the soil. Ozone combined with 7% hydrogen peroxide was the most promising combination for removing the contaminants. In addition, this research explored the hydroxyl radical conversion rate of ozone and the perozone, the difference in order of magnitude is greater than one which shows that the perozone has better oxidation capacity than ozone only. The findings of this study show that combining ozone with hydrogen peroxide is a competent and feasible onsite remediation method for diesel contaminants in soil and groundwater. Thus, this method can be applied in local gas stations, accidental spillage sites, and small-scale refineries for onsite treatment in a cost-effective and technically sound way within a short time span.

Impacts of Changing Operational Parameters of In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) on Removal of Aged PAHs from Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Cajal-Mariñosa ◽  
Ruth G. de la Calle ◽  
F. Javier Rivas ◽  
Tuula Tuhkanen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Contaminant Removal ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Wood Impregnation

AbstractThe removal efficiency of two different types of peroxide addition, catalyzed hydrogen peroxide (CHP) and sodium percarbonate (SPC) were compared on a highly PAH-contaminated soil from a wood impregnation site. In an attempt to simulate real in situ reagents delivery, experiments have been carried out in acrylic columns. The main parameters affecting contaminant removal were the reagent’s temperature and the total addition of peroxide (g

DDT-Contaminated Soil Treatment with Persulfate and Hydrogen Peroxide Utilizing Different Activation Aids and the Chemicals Combination with Biosurfactant

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Goi ◽  
Marika Viisimaa ◽  
Oleksandr Karpenko
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Persulfate Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Chemical Oxidants ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Magnesium Peroxide

AbstractThe efficacy of DDT-contaminated soil treatment with hydrogen peroxide and persulfate utilizing different activation aids and the chemicals combination with biosurfactant was evaluated. The addition of a supplementary activator was able to improve the degradation of total DDT with both the hydrogen peroxide and persulfate oxidation processes indicating a lack of available activator. Ferrous iron added gradually was effectively utilized in the oxidation system with gradual addition of hydrogen peroxide, while chelated metal iron addition promoted the oxidation with more stable persulfate. The treatment with solid carriers of hydrogen peroxide, either calcium peroxide or magnesium peroxide, can be an effective alternative to the liquid one resulting in a higher degradation level of the contaminant. Strong alkalization with elevated dosages of NaOH sustained the persulfate oxidation of DDT. The addition of biosurfactant, rhamnolipid-alginate complex obtained by biosynthesis of strain Pseudomonas sp. PS-17, and EDTA improved the degradation of DDT by both persulfate and hydrogen peroxide oxidation processes indicating that the combined application of chemical oxidants and biosurfactant at natural soil pH has prospects as an effective option for contaminated soil remediation.

Clay-based catalyst synthesized for chemical oxidation of phenanthrene contaminated soil using hydrogen peroxide and persulfate

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 103568
Author(s):  
Vivian M.A. Magalhães ◽  
Gabriela P. Mendes ◽  
José Daladiê B. Costa-Filho ◽  
Renato Cohen ◽  
Carmem S.M. Partiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Chemical Oxidation

scholarly journals A novel length-based empirical estimation method of spawning potential ratio (SPR), and tests of its performance, for small-scale, data-poor fisheries

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Hordyk ◽  
Kotaro Ono ◽  
Sarah Valencia ◽  
Neil Loneragan ◽  
Jeremy Prince
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Test ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Empirical Estimation ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Methods ◽  
Spawning Potential Ratio ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The spawning potential ratio (SPR) is a well-established biological reference point, and estimates of SPR could be used to inform management decisions for data-poor fisheries. Simulations were used to investigate the utility of the length-based model (LB-SPR) developed in Hordyk et al. (2015). Some explorations of the life history ratios to describe length composition, spawning-per-recruit, and the spawning potential ratio. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 72: 204–216.) to estimate the SPR of a stock directly from the size composition of the catch. This was done by (i) testing some of the main assumptions of the LB-SPR model, including recruitment variability and dome-shaped selectivity, (ii) examining the sensitivity of the model to error in the input parameters, and (iii) completing an initial empirical test for the LB-SPR model by applying it to data from a well-studied species. The method uses maximum likelihood methods to find the values of relative fishing mortality (F/M) and selectivity-at-length that minimize the difference between the observed and the expected length composition of the catch, and calculates the resulting SPR. When parameterized with the correct input parameters, the LB-SPR model returned accurate estimates of F/M and SPR. With high variability in annual recruitment, the estimates of SPR became increasingly unreliable. The usefulness of the LB-SPR method was tested empirically by comparing the results predicted by the method with those for a well-described species with known length and age composition data. The results from this comparison suggest that the LB-SPR method has potential to provide a tool for the cost-effective assessment of data-poor fisheries. However, the model is sensitive to non-equilibrium dynamics, and requires accurate estimates of the three parameters (M/k, L∞, and CVL∞). Care must be taken to evaluate the validity of the assumptions and the biological parameters when the model is applied to data-poor fisheries.

Development on Aegir Reeling Pipeline Analyses by Test Validation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwan Karjadi ◽  
Helen Boyd ◽  
Reinout van Rooijen ◽  
Harm Demmink ◽  
Thomas Balder
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Correct Prediction ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bend Tests ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cyclic Straining

Heerema Marine Contractors (HMC) is entering a new era of laying pipelines using the reel-lay method in order to be more cost effective for deep and shallow water pipeline installation projects. The new Deep water Construction Vessel (DCV) Aegir is designed to be able to reel/J-lay pipelines for a range of pipe dimension and water depth combinations. The paper describes how the full reeling cycles Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the Aegir have been developed step by step from the development of the bend rig test, spooling-on to spooling-off FE models which is validated by the bend rig test program. The required material test program is performed to characterize the correct material behavior under plastic cyclic straining. The know-how from the validation of the FEA of bend rig tests by performing the bend tests program is used to setup the full-reeling cycles simulation of spooling-on pipeline on the yard and spooling-off pipeline on board of the Aegir. A series of bend rig tests have been performed at Heriot-Watt University. Ovality measurements from the tests are compared with the predicted results from the bend rig FEA simulation model. Based on small scale specimen tests which are performed to describe the proper material behavior under plastic cyclic straining, a new material model has been proposed and discussed to provide a correct prediction of ovalization against the number of bend cycles. Comparison between the bend rig test measurements and the Aegir full reeling cycles simulation results is made by comparing the deformation of the pipe (ovalization) against a number of bend cycles. Discussion is given to justify the difference in the outcomes as well as the representation of the bend tests program for the qualification test program for reeling with the Aegir.

scholarly journals Highly efficient photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide in ambient conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (16) ◽  
pp. e2103964118
Author(s):  
Yu-Xin Ye ◽  
Jinhui Pan ◽  
Fangyan Xie ◽  
Li Gong ◽  
Siming Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Electron Transfer Pathway ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Almost All

Photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in ambient conditions remains neither cost effective nor environmentally friendly enough because of the rapid charge recombination. Here, a photocatalytic rate of as high as 114 μmol⋅g−1⋅h−1 for the production of H2O2 in pure water and open air is achieved by using a Z-scheme heterojunction, which outperforms almost all reported photocatalysts under the same conditions. An extensive study at the atomic level demonstrates that Z-scheme electron transfer is realized by improving the photoresponse of the oxidation semiconductor under visible light, when the difference between the Fermi levels of the two constituent semiconductors is not sufficiently large. Moreover, it is verified that a type II electron transfer pathway can be converted to the desired Z-scheme pathway by tuning the excitation wavelengths. This study demonstrates a feasible strategy for developing efficient Z-scheme photocatalysts by regulating photoresponses.

scholarly journals Comparing Hydrogen Sulfide Removal Efficiency in a Field-Scale Digester Using Microaeration and Iron Filters

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna K. Huertas ◽  
Lawrence Quipuzco ◽  
Amro Hassanein ◽  
Stephanie Lansing
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
H2s Removal ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide Removal ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Treatment Vessel

Biological desulfurization of biogas from a field-scale anaerobic digester in Peru was tested using air injection (microaeration) in separate duplicate vessels and chemical desulfurization using duplicate iron filters to compare hydrogen sulfide (H2S) reduction, feasibility, and cost. Microaeration was tested after biogas retention times of 2 and 4 h after a single injection of ambient air at 2 L/min. The microaeration vessels contained digester sludge to seed sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and facilitate H2S removal. The average H2S removal efficiency using iron filters was 32.91%, with a maximum of 70.21%. The average H2S removal efficiency by iron filters was significantly lower than microaeration after 2 and 4 h retention times (91.5% and 99.8%, respectively). The longer retention time (4 h) resulted in a higher average removal efficiency (99.8%) compared to 2 h (91.5%). The sulfur concentration in the microaeration treatment vessel was 493% higher after 50 days of treatments, indicating that the bacterial community present in the liquid phase of the vessels effectively sequestered the sulfur compounds from the biogas. The H2S removal cost for microaeration (2 h: $29/m3 H2S removed; and 4 h: $27/m3 H2S removed) was an order of magnitude lower than for the iron filter ($382/m3 H2S removed). In the small-scale anaerobic digestion system in Peru, microaeration was more efficient and cost effective for desulfurizing the biogas than the use of iron filters.

scholarly journals Chemical Oxidants for Remediation of Contaminated Soil and Water. A Review

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olexandr Karpenko ◽  
◽  
Vira Lubenets ◽  
Elena Karpenko ◽  
Volodymyr Novikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Sodium Persulfate ◽  
Chemical Oxidants ◽  
Soil And Water

This review covers the main agents used for in situ and ex situ chemical oxidation of organic contaminants particularly oil products, in soil and water environments. Among them there are hydrogen peroxide, permanganate salts, ozone and sodium persulfate. The fields of application, as well as benefits and disadvantages of the mentioned agents use were described.

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