scholarly journals Electrical Steels and Their Evaluation for Automobile Motors

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiro Senda ◽  
Masanori Uesaka ◽  
Soichiro Yoshizaki ◽  
Yoshihiko Oda
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Flux ◽  
Electrical Steels ◽  
Synchronous Motors ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Traction Motors ◽  
Motor Efficiency ◽  
Important Target ◽  
Iron Losses

Achieving high efficiency and high torque is an important target in EV motors. This paper describes the effect of the magnetic properties of electrical steels used as core materials for synchronous motors with permanent magnets, which are commonly used as the EV traction motors. It was confirmed that electrical steels, which have high flux density and low iron loss properties can realize high motor efficiency and torque. When PWM excitation is considered, thinner electrical steels are advantageous to suppress increased loss due to higher harmonics. Based on these results, electrical steels having high flux densities and low iron losses at high frequencies were developed.

scholarly journals Design of A Novel Line Start Synchronous Motor Rotor

Electronics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berkan Zöhra ◽  
Mehmet Akar ◽  
Mustafa Eker
Keyword(s):  
Finite Elements ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Asynchronous Motor ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors ◽  
Synchronous Motors ◽  
Motor Efficiency ◽  
Motor Design ◽  
And Performance

Line start permanent magnet synchronous motors (LS-PMSM) are preferred more and more in industrial applications, because they can start on their own and because of their high efficiency. In this study, a new LS-PMSM rotor typology is suggested, which is modelled using surface mount permanent magnets, in which two different slot types have been used together. The rotor of an asynchronous motor on the industrial market in the IE2 efficiency segment has been remodeled in the study, resulting in an increase in motor efficiency from 85% to 91.8%. A finite elements software was used for determining motor design and performance, in addition to analytical methods.

scholarly journals Effect of Pole and Slot Combination on the AC Joule Loss of Outer-Rotor Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using a High Fill Factor Machined Coil

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3073
Author(s):  
Soo-Hwan Park ◽  
Eui-Chun Lee ◽  
Gi-Ju Lee ◽  
Soon-O. Kwon ◽  
Myung-Seop Lim
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor ◽  
Proximity Effects ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Synchronous Motors ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Leakage Flux ◽  
Outer Rotor

This paper proposes a design guideline for selecting the pole and slot combination of an outer-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) using a maximum slot occupation (MSO) coil. Because the MSO coil has a large conductor area, the AC Joule loss in the conductors may be increased at high frequencies. To ensure high-efficiency for the PMSM, it is necessary to reduce the loss. Thus, it is important to select the pole- and slot- combination that has the minimum AC Joule loss. The loss is caused by skin/proximity effects and variations in the slot leakage flux. The skin effect is due to the armature winding and the variation in the slot leakage flux is due to the field flux. A method for separating the AC Joule loss due to each component using the frozen permeability method is proposed. Based on the proposed method, the effect of each cause on the loss at various pole- and slot- combinations is analyzed in this study.

Magnetic Levitation: Linear Synchronous Motor Efficiency

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (24) ◽  
pp. 3143-3146 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Atherton ◽  
L. E. G. Love ◽  
P. O. Prentiss
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Optimum Length ◽  
Synchronous Motors ◽  
Motor Efficiency ◽  
Linear Synchronous Motors

Large gap linear synchronous motors suitable for magnetically levitated high speed guided ground transport are considered. It is shown that if a is the gap (suspension height) propulsion magnets have an optimum length of 1.5a and induce an almost sinusoidal wave form in the guideway coils. The efficiency is then η = 1/[1 + PR/E2, cos2 θ] where E is the induced voltage, P the power, R guideway resistance, and cos θ the ratio of average to peak power. A design example shows that high efficiency is possible even at a suspension height of 30 cm.

Various types of traction synchronous motors for urban use

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Asynchronous Motor ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors ◽  
Synchronous Motors ◽  
Inductor Motor ◽  
Urban Conditions

Asynchronous and valve-inductor (synchronous-reactive) motors have high efficiency at high rotor speeds, while permanent magnet synchronous motors (SPM and IPM) have high efficiency at low and medium frequencies. The latter are the most optimal for urban conditions, and the former for conditions of operation on highways and highways. Synchronous motors with permanent magnets are more expensive, so a good alternative to them can be synchronous-jet motors with permanent magnets, which determine the optimal balance of active and reactive torque, as well as efficiency. Keywords: synchronous motor, asynchronous motor, valve-inductor motor, synchronous-jet motor, permanent magnet, efficiency, operating conditions, reactive torque

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Hybrid Excitation Flux Switching Motors without and with Variably Magnetizable Permanent Magnets for Electrified Vehicle Propulsion

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Takeshi Okada ◽  
Takashi Kosaka ◽  
Hiroaki Matsumori ◽  
Nobuyuki Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Magnetomotive Force ◽  
Switched Reluctance ◽  
Motor Efficiency ◽  
Hybrid Excitation ◽  
Low Torque

A demand for high efficiency traction motors has been accelerated by the promotion of electrified vehicles, such as battery and fuel cell electric vehicles. As a part of development of the high efficiency traction motor, this paper reports a comparative study on two kinds of hybrid excitation flux switching motors (HEFSM) as a variable flux machine. One is the conventional HEFSM, which consists of a stator with constantly magnetized-permanent magnets, field excitation coils (FECs) and three-phase armature windings, and a rotor with salient poles like a switched reluctance motor. The other is a HEFSM employing variably magnetizable-permanent magnets (VM-PMs) that replace a part in the FEC slot area in the conventional one. Based on the variable magnetization nature of VM-PMs, the latter HEFSM promises that the replacement of magnetomotive force (mmf) of FECs with that of the VM-PMs makes the motor efficiency better at both low- and high-speed under the low-torque condition, that is, at both urban driving or highway cruising. To verify that, finite element analysis- (FEA)-based design simulations, as well as experimental performance evaluations for the two kinds of HEFSM, were conducted under reasonable dimensional and electrical constraints. As a result, it is shown that the latter HEFSM can achieve higher motor efficiency at the low-torque and high-speed region while keeping the motor efficiency at the low-torque and low-speed region.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Parameters Identification and Dynamic Model Validation of Interior-Mount Line-Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Machines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luqman S. Maraaba ◽  
Zakariya M. Al-Hamouz ◽  
Abdulaziz S. Milhem ◽  
Ssennoga Twaha
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Induction Machines ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors ◽  
Synchronous Motors

The application of line-start permanent magnet synchronous motors (LSPMSMs) is rapidly spreading due to their advantages of high efficiency, high operational power factor, being self-starting, rendering them as highly needed in many applications in recent years. Although there have been standard methods for the identification of parameters of synchronous and induction machines, most of them do not apply to LSPMSMs. This paper presents a study and analysis of different parameter identification methods for interior mount LSPMSM. Experimental tests have been performed in the laboratory on a 1-hp interior mount LSPMSM. The measurements have been validated by investigating the performance of the machine under different operating conditions using a developed qd0 mathematical model and an experimental setup. The dynamic and steady-state performance analyses have been performed using the determined parameters. It is found that the experimental results are close to the mathematical model results, confirming the accuracy of the studied test methods. Therefore, the output of this study will help in selecting the proper test method for LSPMSM.

scholarly journals Investigation on the La Replacement and Little Additive Modification of High-Performance Permanent Magnetic Strontium-Ferrite

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1034
Author(s):  
Ching-Chien Huang ◽  
Chin-Chieh Mo ◽  
Guan-Ming Chen ◽  
Hsiao-Hsuan Hsu ◽  
Guo-Jiun Shu
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Preparation Condition ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
La Substitution ◽  
Hard Magnets

In this work, an experiment was carried out to investigate the preparation condition of anisotropic, Fe-deficient, M-type Sr ferrite with optimum magnetic and physical properties by changing experimental parameters, such as the La substitution amount and little additive modification during fine milling process. The compositions of the calcined ferrites were chosen according to the stoichiometry LaxSr1-xFe12-2xO19, where M-type single-phase calcined powder was synthesized with a composition of x = 0.30. The effect of CaCO3, SiO2, and Co3O4 inter-additives on the Sr ferrite was also discussed in order to obtain low-temperature sintered magnets. The magnetic properties of Br = 4608 Gauss, bHc = 3650 Oe, iHc = 3765 Oe, and (BH)max = 5.23 MGOe were obtained for Sr ferrite hard magnets with low cobalt content at 1.7 wt%, which will eventually be used as high-end permanent magnets for the high-efficiency motor application in automobiles with Br > 4600 ± 50 G and iHc > 3600 ± 50 Oe.

scholarly journals Instantaneous Electromagnetic Torque Components in Synchronous Motors Fed by Load-Commutated Inverters

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3223
Author(s):  
Gabriel Ekemb ◽  
Fouad Slaoui-Hasnaoui ◽  
Joseph Song-Manguelle ◽  
P. M. Lingom ◽  
Issouf Fofana
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Synchronous Motors ◽  
Gas Compression ◽  
Variable Frequency Drives ◽  
Torsional Analysis ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
Very High ◽  
Excitation Circuit

This paper proposes time-domain analytical expressions of the instantaneous pulsating torque components in a synchronous machine air gap when supplied by a load-commutated-inverter (LCI) system. The LCI technology is one of the most used variable frequency drives when very high power and low speed are required in applications such as pipeline recompression and decompression, as well as liquefied natural gas compression. In such applications, synchronous motors are used because of their high efficiency resulting from a separated supply of the current to their rotor through the excitation circuit. These applications usually have long and flexible shafts, which are very sensitive to torsional vibration excitation when their natural frequencies interact with any external torque applied to the shaft. A torsional analysis is required by international standards to assess the survivability of the shaft through the overall speed range of the motor. Therefore, the magnitude and frequencies of the motor air-gap torque are needed for such evaluation. The proposed developments are supported by numerical simulations of LCI systems in a large range of operation range. From the simulation results, torque harmonic families are derived and expressed in a parametric form, which confirm the accuracy of the proposed relationships.

scholarly journals Model-Based Condition-Monitoring and Jamming-Tolerant Control of an Electro-Mechanical Flight Actuator with Differential Ball Screws

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Gianpietro Di Rito ◽  
Benedetto Luciano ◽  
Nicola Borgarelli ◽  
Marco Nardeschi
Keyword(s):  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Flight Control ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Synchronous Motors ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Major Fault ◽  
Potential Applicability

The work deals with the development of deterministic model-based condition-monitoring algorithms for an electromechanical flight control actuator with fault-tolerant architecture, in which two permanent magnets synchronous motors are coupled with differential ball screws in speed-summing paradigm, so that the system can operate even after a motor fault, an inverter fault or a mechanical jamming. To demonstrate the potential applicability of the system for safety-critical aerospace applications, the failure transients related to major fault modes have to be characterised and analysed. By focusing the attention to jamming faults, a detailed nonlinear model of the actuator is developed from physical first principles and experimentally validated in both time and frequency domains for normal condition and with different types of jamming. The validated model is then used to design the condition-monitoring algorithms and to characterize the system failure transient, by simulating mechanical blocks in different locations of the transmission. The operability after the fault, obtained via fault-tolerant control strategy and position regulator reconfiguration, is also verified, by highlighting and discussing possible enhancements and criticalities.

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