Comparative characteristics of children’s morbidity rates for diseases etiologically related to the food factor

Child health indicators in Russia indicate a negative trend for more than three decades. The formation of children’s health is determined by environmental factors, the level of development of the education system, a complex of socio-economic factors, and lifestyle. The study conducted a retrospective assessment of the incidence of children and adolescents with diseases etiologically related to the food factor in the Russian Federation as a whole and the subjects where cadet corps are located. Analysis of official data of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation from 2011 to 2019 on the total incidence of food-related factors indicates an increase in the incidence of endocrine diseases, diabetes, and obesity in children aged 0–14 years. Children aged 15–17 years showed an increase in the average long-term indicator for diseases of the endocrine system, thyroid diseases, diabetes, obesity, and anemia. Ranking of subjects of the Volga Federal district based on the average long-term data of morbidity indicators, etiologically related to the food factor, made it possible to identify risk areas. According to the results of ranking 1 rank place was taken by the Republic of Tatarstan, the second — Bashkortostan, third place — the Chuvash Republic, fourth place — Perm Krai, fifth place — Udmurt Republic, sixth place — Nizhny Novgorod oblast. According to these diseases, the negative dynamics remains. In General, on the territory of the Volga Federal district, the incidence of children and adolescents corresponds to all-Russian trends, however, the situation is much worse for a number of diseases that are etiologically related to the food factor, namely, diseases of the endocrine system and obesity.

Comparison of early forecasts of the incidence of thyroid cancer in residents of the Russian Federation after the Chernobyl accident with observational data

Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene ◽

10.21514/1998-426x-2021-14-4-45-59 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 45-59

Author(s):

I. A. Zvonova ◽

M. I. Balonov

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Thyroid Gland ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Chernobyl Accident ◽

Radioactive Fallout ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Regions Of Russia

A review of methods for assessing doses in the thyroid gland, predictions of the long-term consequences of its irradiation and the actual incidence of thyroid cancer in residents of four regions of the Russian Federation with the most significant radioactive fallout after the Chernobyl accident are presented. The method for assessing doses in the thyroid gland is based on the results of monitoring in May-June 1986 of radioiodine in the environment, food and in the body of residents. Thyroid doses in the population were used to justify medical and social protection measures, as well as epidemiological studies. In addition, the authorities needed forecasts of the possible morbidity of the population in order to organize adequate medical care. Most of the thyroid cancer cases were predicted among the adult population, which was not confirmed by observations 35 years after the accident. The prognosis of the incidence of thyroid cancer in preschool children differed in different studies due to the use of different coefficients of reducing the biological effectiveness of 131I radiation in the thyroid gland and long-term external and internal irradiation of the whole body with a low dose rate compared to the effect of acute exposure. The increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer among children began five years after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Examples of the dynamics of the incidence for children in the Bryansk region of the Russian Federation are given. The 2018 UNSCEAR Report showed that for 1986-2015, among children and adolescents under 18 years of age on the day of the accident in Belarus, Ukraine and four regions of Russia, more than 19 thousand thyroid cancer cases were detected, of which the share of radiation-induced diseases was estimated at 25%. For four regions of Russia, this amounts to 460 cases with a range of possible estimates from 130 to 900 cases. The highest morbidity was manifested among younger children exposed at the age of 0-4 years. In older children and adolescents, the proportion of radiation-induced diseases has significantly decreased 30 years after the accident. In general, early forecasts of radiation-induced thyroid cancer incidence in children in four regions of the Russian Federation with high levels of radioactive fallout are consistent with the data of subsequent 30-year epidemiological observations within an order of magnitude. With regard to thyroid cancer in adults, such a comparison is difficult, since no radiogenic increase in the incidence has been detected.

Features of the Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses in the Russian Federation in 2010–2020 and Prognosis for 2021

10.21055/0370-1069-2021-1-73-80 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 73-80

Author(s):

N. V. Rudakov ◽

S. N. Shpynov ◽

N. A. Pen’evskaya ◽

A. I. Blokh ◽

T. A. Reshetnikova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Spotted Fever ◽

Federal District ◽

Relative Incidence ◽

Significant Downward Trend ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Mediterranean Fever ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The Republic

Objective is to analyze the incidence of Siberian tick typhus (STT) in the Russian Federation over the period of 2010–2020, Astrakhan spotted fever (ASF) and Mediterranean fever (MF) since the official registration, and to forecast the development of the epidemic process for endemic rickettsioses for 2021. The analysis of the incidence of STT, ASF and MF in Russia for the period of 2010–2020, 2013–2020 and 2014–2020, respectively, has been carried out. The forecast of endemic rickettsioses morbidity in the European and Asian parts of Russia for 2021 has been made. The average long-term incidence of STT for 2010–2020 in the Russian Federation as a whole was 1.04 (CI95 1.02÷1.05) 0/0000, with no tendency to change. The maximum relative incidence of STT is typical for the Siberian Federal District (SFD), where the average long-term incidence rate for 2010–2020 was 6.20 (CI95 6.08÷6.31) per 100 thousand of the population. The Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) – 4.70 (CI95 4.53÷4.87) 0/0000 came in second place, the third place was taken by the Ural Federal District (UFD) – 0.08 (CI95 0.07÷0.10) 0/0000. When assessing the 11-year dynamics of the relative incidence of STT by the Federal Districts, we have detected a tendency to its stabilization in the SFD and the FEFD. In the UFD, a significant downward trend was revealed. The upward trend in the incidence of STT remained in the Altai Republic. Major decline in STT incidence was observed in the Kurgan Region, Trans-Baikal Territory, Krasnoyarsk Territory, and the Republic of Khakassia. There was a declining trend in the incidence of Astrakhan spotted fever in the Astrakhan Region and the Republic of Kalmykia. In the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol there is no trend to increase the incidence of Mediterranean fever.

Strategic Management of the Regional Economic Security in the Digital Economy

Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics ◽

10.14505//jarle.v10.4(42).28 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 1281

Author(s):

Olga Vladimirovna KARSUNTSEVA ◽

Olga Nikolaevna DENISOVA ◽

Tatiana Alexandrovna BURKINA

Keyword(s):

Strategic Management ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Digital Technologies ◽

Federal District ◽

Economic Security ◽

Digital Transformation ◽

Regional Characteristics ◽

Digital Infrastructure ◽

The approaches to understanding the concept of ‘economic security of a region’ have been systemized in the article; the terms have been extended due to the introduction of the concept of ‘economic security of a digital infrastructure of a region’, and the modern innovative mechanisms for ensuring the economic security of a region in the context of digital transformation have also been summarized. The most typical threats to economic security for the regions of the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation in the context of digitalization have been highlighted in the article. The conclusion has been made about the economic security goals of the region, which directly depend on the regional characteristics of the use of digital technologies and the long-term needs of society.

Comparative analysis of the dynamics of obesity incidence rates in the Moscow Region population

Health Care of the Russian Federation ◽

10.47470/0044-197x-2021-65-4-318-324 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 318-324

Author(s):

Olga M. Mikailova

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Age Groups ◽

Endocrine System ◽

Federal District ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Moscow Region ◽

Central Federal District ◽

Adolescents And Adults ◽

Introduction. One of the mechanisms for implementing the state policy targets in achieving wellbeing, improving the quality and duration of active life, reducing mortality, including at working age, is to reduce risks and eliminate factors that contribute to the development of obesity. The aim of the study is a hygienic assessment of the indicator of the primary morbidity of obesity in the population of the Moscow Region, the Central Federal District (CFD), the Russian Federation (RF). Materials and methods. The research materials were the databases of the regional information fund for social and hygienic monitoring of the Moscow Region for 2011-2019 (2020). The study was performed by a retrospective comparative analysis of intensive indicators of the primary morbidity of obesity in three age groups, calculated for 100 thousand cases of the corresponding age. Results. Obesity of the population of the Moscow Region occupies a significant share in the structure of diseases of the endocrine system, eating disorders and metabolic disorders. Among children, the incidence is 34.1% of all diseases of this class, among adolescents - 44.2%, adults-21.4%. The incidence of obesity among all age categories of the population of the Moscow Region is significantly lower than the level of the same indicator for the Central Federal District and for the Russian Federation, excluding the period 2011-2014, when the incidence of adolescents in the Moscow Region was higher or at the level of the indicator values for Russia. In 2019. among the 18 subjects of the Central Federal District, the Moscow Region occupies the 16th rank position in descending order of the value of the indicator of obesity among adolescents and adults for the first time. The lowest indicator for the Central Federal District is established among children. Conclusion. The implementation of the measures of the federal project “Strengthening Public Health” aimed at providing the population with a full, balanced, rational diet will reduce the risk of alimentary diseases, including obesity.

Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses in the Russian Federation in 2010–2019 and Prognosis for 2020

10.21055/0370-1069-2020-1-61-68 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 61-68

Author(s):

N. V. Rudakov ◽

S. N. Shpynov ◽

N. A. Pen`evskaya ◽

D. V. Trankvilevsky ◽

E. V. Yatsmenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Incidence Rate ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Spotted Fever ◽

Federal District ◽

Relative Incidence ◽

Significant Downward Trend ◽

Entomological Monitoring ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The Republic

Objective of the study was to analyze the incidence of Siberian tick-borne typhus (STBT) in the Russian Federation between 2010 and 2019, Astrakhan spotted fever (ASF) and Mediterranean fever (MF) since official registration, and forecast the development of the epidemic process for endemic rickettsioses for 2020. Materials and methods. The analysis of the incidence of STBT, ASF and MF in the Russian Federation over the period of 2010–2019, 2013–2019 and 2014–2019, respectively, in relation to the results of zoological-entomological monitoring. Results and discussion. The average long-term incidence rate of STBT for 2010–2019 in the Russian Federation on the whole was 1.1 0 /0000 (DI95 1.05÷1.08) without trends towards change. The maximum relative incidence of STBT is typical for the Siberian Federal District (SFD) where the average long-term incidence rate for 2010–2019 amounted to 6.28 per 100 thousand of the population. In the second place is the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) – 5.17 0 /0000, in third – the Ural Federal District (UFD) – 0.1 0 /0000. When assessing the 10‑year dynamics of the relative incidence of STBT, we have revealed a significant tendency to increase in the FEFD, a tendency to stabilize in the SFD and a significant downward trend – in the UFD. A reliable increasing trend in STBT incidence was detected in the Altai Republic and in the Khabarovsk Territory. Major decline in STBT incidence was observed in the Trans-Baikal territory, Krasnoyarsk territory, Kurgan Region and the Republic of Khakassia. There is a marked tendency to increase in the incidence of MF in the Republic of Crimea. In the Astrakhan Region and the Republic of Kalmykia, there is an expressed tendency towards the reduction in the ASF morbidity rates.

Analysis of Epidemiological Situation on Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever in the Russian Federation in 2020 and Prognosis for 2021

10.21055/0370-1069-2021-1-17-22 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 17-22

Author(s):

A. S. Volynkina ◽

O. V. Maletskaya ◽

O. N. Skudareva ◽

I. V. Tishchenko ◽

E. I. Vasilenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Federal District ◽

Natural Focus ◽

Modes Of Transmission ◽

The North ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The Republic ◽

Epidemiological Situation

The review presents an analysis of the epidemiological and epizootiological situation on Crimean hemorrhagic fever in the Russian Federation in 2020. During the stated period, 32 CHF cases were registered, which is the minimum indicator since the activation of the natural focus of CHF in 1999. The mortality rate was 3.1 %. The incidence was recorded in the Rostov, Astrakhan Regions, Stavropol Territory, the Republics of Dagestan and Kalmykia. A significant decrease in the incidence of CHF was noted in all entities of the Southern Federal District and the North-Caucasian Federal District. An imported from the Republic of Crimea case of CHF was detected in Moscow. The seasonality of morbidity, occupational, and age composition of CHF patients, modes of transmission, features of the clinical course of the disease in 2020 corresponded to the data of long-term observations. Epizootiological monitoring of the territory of the CHF natural focus showed that the abundance of Hyalomma marginatum adults and the percentage of Ixodidae tick pools positive for the presence of CCHF virus markers corresponded to the average long-term indicators at stationary observation points in 2020 , which indicates the persisting epizootiological disadvantage of the territory of the natural CHF focus in the Russian Federation. The persisting high numbers and infection rate of H. marginatum ticks can contribute to the development of an unfavorable epidemiological situation in the south of the country with a possible increase in the incidence of CHF in the Russian Federation in 2021.

Target regional size and structure of the population of the Russian Federation: possibilities to identify and achieve

Population and Economics ◽

10.3897/popecon.3.e49666 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 30-44

Author(s):

Ekaterina A. Edinak ◽

Andrey G. Korovkin ◽

Ivan B. Korolev

Keyword(s):

Population Size ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Labour Productivity ◽

Federal District ◽

Target Population ◽

Regional Population ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Far Eastern ◽

Size And Structure

Abstract The article proposes a solution of the task of achieving the target regional population size and structure, which would be sustainable in the long term, by means of managing its movement. The significance of this task is justified by the growing concentration of population and labour in a few number of Russia’s regions in the current and projected periods, primarily due to migration processes. The apparatus of matrix equations is used to shape the conditions for reaching the target size and structure of the population. The article presents the estimates of the equilibrium population of the Russian Federation and the possibilities of reaching the target population size in prospect. The demographic forecast of Rosstat up to 2035 in three variants is considered as a target. For each of variants, the required increase of population via birth and immigration is calculated. The possibilities to assess the need in population inflow and to achieve the target population size by using the methodology proposed in the article are shown by the case of the Far Eastern Federal District. It is argued that nowadays a crucial element of social and economic policy in the regions should be creation of new jobs with higher labour productivity and therefore, reduction of the need for foreign labour migrants in the Russian labour market.

INFLUENCE OF MIGRATION POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE FAR EAST IN 1990-2000S

RUDN Journal of Political Science ◽

10.22363/2313-1438-2019-21-2-218-226 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 218-226

Author(s):

Alla A Lysenko

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Population Decline ◽

Far East ◽

Migration Policy ◽

Federal District ◽

The Far East ◽

Socio Economic Development ◽

The article analyzes the Russian migration policy in the Far East Federal District in the period of 1990-2000. The Author researches the evolution of migration policy and its effectiveness in achieving the goals of socio-economic development of the Far East and national security of the Russian Federation. Based on the analysis of statistical data the article concludes that the current level of socio-economic development of the region does not allow to solve of the problems of leveling economic development, increasing the population of border areas and ensuring the growth of labor potential of the Far East Federal District. The author notes the long-term trend of population decline in the Far East Federal district.

Analysis of Epizootiological-Epidemiological Situation on Brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2018 and Forecast for 2019

10.21055/0370-1069-2019-2-14-21 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 14-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. G. Ponomarenko ◽

E. B. Ezhlova ◽

D. V. Rusanova ◽

A. A. Khachaturova ◽

N. D. Pakskina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Federal District ◽

Siberian Federal District ◽

North Caucasus ◽

The North ◽

Federal Districts ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The Republic

Presented is the analysis of brucellosis incidence among humans and animals in the Russian Federation in 2018. Epizootiological situation in the regions of developed animal husbandry remains reasonably tense. In 2018, as in previous years, the foci of bovine cattle and small ruminant brucellosis were registered in the North Caucasian, Southern Federal Districts, Volga and Siberian Federal Districts, the share of which made up to more than 90% of all registered in Russia potentially hazardous as regards brucellosis areas and cases of the disease in animals. Against the background of long-term unfavorable epizootic condition, the incidence of brucellosis over the past three years was, on average, 14 % lower than the average long-term indicators. The greatest number of cases (94.1 % of the overall Russian incidence) is registered in the administrative subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District, Southern Federal District and Siberian Federal District, which have the maximum levels of brucellosis incidence in cattle (88.9 %) and small ruminants (95 %). In 2019, persistence of epidemiological problems in regard to brucellosis in the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District (primarily the Republic of Dagestan, Stavropol Territory), the Southern Federal District (the Republic of Kalmykia, Volgograd and Astrakhan Regions), and the Siberian Federal District (the Tuva Republic, the Omsk and Tyumen Regions) is predicted. The number of human cases of brucellosis may be within the range of 290–310 cases (intensive incidence rate per 100 thousand population – 0.21).

Socio-economic features of the regions as a fundamental factor in their long-term development

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201911002138 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 110 ◽

pp. 02138 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Yaroslav Lavrinenko ◽

Viktoria Tinyakova ◽

Alexey Kalashnikov ◽

Arkady Novikov

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Federal District ◽

Well Being ◽

Efficiency Index ◽

Fundamental Factor ◽

Central Federal District ◽

Applied Approach ◽

The features of the regions in the socio-economic terms determine the development of the national economy and the level of citizens’ well-being. The paper highlights the features of the regions depending on three areas: budgetary, social, and economic. These areas are analyzed using the example of the Central Federal District of Russia. Based on the results of the analysis, the features of the regions within the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation are determined. In addition, perspective directions for the development of the regions under consideration are presented on the basis of improving statistics, monitoring, increasing the salaryindex, reducing the debt load on the population, developing the digital economy, and improving the system of subsidies. The possibility of avoiding the subsidization of regions through the development of innovation and agriculture is also shown. An author’s approach is proposed to determine the characteristics of the region for their future development. The justifying calculations for the applied approach in the framework of the efficiency of the regional economy on the basis of the salaryindex and the determination of the level of competitiveness of the region on the basis of the energy efficiency index are given. The justifying calculation conducted on the basis of the regions of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation confirms the developed hypotheses.