Medical expert assessment of defects in the provision of medical care for emergency surgical abdominal pathology

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
V. I. Yarema ◽  
E. Kh. Barinov ◽  
I. V. Osipova
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Guidelines And Standards ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Provided Examples

The article presents a literature review on the assessment of defects and medical care, as well as the prevention of defects and conflict situations that arise during the treatment of patients with emergency surgical abdominal pathology. Unfortunately, mortality among urgent surgical patients and diseases of the abdominal organs is in the leading positions among all causes of death, despite the improvement of diagnostic methods, the emergence of new medical equipment and drugs, as well as the developed standards of approaches to the treatment of this category of patients. The paper presents statistics on the incidence of abdominal pathology and the mortality rate among the population of our country. We have studied clinical guidelines and standards for the provision of medical care to patients with acute abdominal pathology and analyzed the work on the assessment of medical care, medical errors, conflicts between the patient and the surgeon, as well as the works describing the individual characteristics of various diseases over the past decades. The article discusses in detail the causes of professional errors and defects in medical care, which include: information and deontological defects, defects in the organization of the treatment process, defects in diagnosis and defects in the treatment itself. Studied in detail the stages of the examination to assess the medical care provided. Examples of the course of the main surgical diseases of the abdominal organs in various groups of patients are described. The possible measures to prevent professional errors in doctors and patients have been studied in detail.

scholarly journals Developing Conflict Management Skills in Municipal Employees: a Sociological Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-481
Author(s):  
Aleksey Shilikov
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Municipal Employees ◽  
Draft Resolution ◽  
The Individual

The article introduces a sociological survey that featured the development of conflict management skills in municipal employees of the Belgorod region. The methods involved a questionnaire survey and a semi-structured interview of Belgorod municipal authorities, teaching staff of the Higher School of Management of the Belgorod State University, and employees of the Institute of Regional Personnel Policy of Belgorod. The reasons behind the conflicts were divided into those caused by the specifics of the municipal service, the peculiarities of team relations, and the individual characteristics of a municipal employee. The results of the study can improve the practical work of municipal personnel departments or be used in teaching sociological disciplines. Further study is required to develop diagnostic methods to identify the conflict management skills in municipal officials, collect information, define conditions and patterns of development, draft resolution procedures, etc.

scholarly journals Dialogue as A Means of Developing Students' Communicative Literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 2759-2769
Author(s):  
Gafurova Gulrukh Baxtiyarovna
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Childhood Studies ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Communicative Skills ◽  
The Past ◽  
Business Meetings ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Emotional Balance

The sphere of communication in general over the past two decades has attracted the attention of researchers. The nature of communication, its age and individual characteristics, mechanisms of course and change have become the subject of study by philosophers and sociologists, psycholinguists, specialists in the field of social child and age psychology. Most scientific research and psychological and pedagogical recommendations on the formation of communication skills are dedicated to childhood. Studies of the communicative skills of preschoolers were devoted to such scientists as A.V. Hawks, E.R. Saitbaev. The approaches to teaching communication, forming a communicative function are felt much more slowly than in other areas of pedagogy and psychology. This is because a child can be taught, for example, to draw (take his hand), but to physically help him speak is much more difficult. For graduates of schools it is necessary to be sociable, contact in various social groups, to be able to work together in different areas, preventing conflict situations or skillfully getting out of them. These skills should provide the young man with mobility, the ability to quickly respond in a changing world with a state of mental comfort, which provides emotional balance. In modern conditions, dialogue takes on a new meaning and quality, acting as the basic principle of the communicative content of education. A multicultural society, saturated with diverse communicative ties, involves not only the establishment of relations of cooperation, mutual understanding, but also the emergence of contradictions, polemic disputes. Therefore, the ability of school graduates to conduct a fruitful, effective dialogue in various fields of the sociocultural sphere, to learn the world not from monological (with a claim to absolute truth), but dialogically, pluralistically becomes the most important and communicative property. Meanwhile, observations of the experience of discussions, political meetings and rallies, business meetings, scientific conferences give reason to conclude that in many speeches there is no deliberation, depth and credibility of arguments, consistency and consistency of reasoning, compliance with ethical standards, flexibility of thinking and speed reactions. They still “see” the monopoly on truth, a special style of communication and belief with its monologue moral teachings and harsh, peremptory judgments. In this regard, communicatively-oriented education departs from the monologic way of teaching and reorientes to the dialogical one, which promotes the development of communicative properties among schoolchildren, namely: the ability to discuss, agree, argue, prove, agree (or disagree) [8]. In order for a modern graduate to possess these skills, it is necessary that he be taught this. This requires appropriate organization of the educational process of modern schools, lyceums and gymnasiums. In connection with the relevance of this problem, a research topic arises - Dialogue, as a means of developing students' communicative literacy.

I.—Blood and Blood Products

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (S1) ◽  
pp. s3-s6
Author(s):  
R. A. Cumming
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Blood Donor ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Training ◽  
Separate Discipline ◽  
Donor Organisation

SynopsisThe use of blood has greatly increased during the past 25 years. One of the most important advances during this period is related to the development of methods of isolating, concentrating and storing the individual components of blood for specific clinical requirements. Along with this, new problems in science and technology, blood-donor organisation and medical care and the recruitment and training of staff have emerged. The opinion is advanced, that in the future, the efficiency of blood transfusion lies in its establishment as a separate discipline.

scholarly journals Dialogue as A Means Of Developing Students' Communicative Literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 2719-2729
Author(s):  
Gafurova Gulrukh Baxtiyarovna
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Childhood Studies ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Communicative Skills ◽  
The Past ◽  
Business Meetings ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Emotional Balance

The sphere of communication in general over the past two decades has attracted the attention of researchers. The nature of communication, its age and individual characteristics, mechanisms of course and change have become the subject of study by philosophers and sociologists, psycholinguists, specialists in the field of social child and age psychology. Most scientific research and psychological and pedagogical recommendations on the formation of communication skills are dedicated to childhood. Studies of the communicative skills of preschoolers were devoted to such scientists as A.V. Hawks, E.R. Saitbaev. The approaches to teaching communication, forming a communicative function are felt much more slowly than in other areas of pedagogy and psychology. This is because a child can be taught, for example, to draw (take his hand), but to physically help him speak is much more difficult. For graduates of schools it is necessary to be sociable, contact in various social groups, to be able to work together in different areas, preventing conflict situations or skillfully getting out of them. These skills should provide the young man with mobility, the ability to quickly respond in a changing world with a state of mental comfort, which provides emotional balance. In modern conditions, dialogue takes on a new meaning and quality, acting as the basic principle of the communicative content of education. A multicultural society, saturated with diverse communicative ties, involves not only the establishment of relations of cooperation, mutual understanding, but also the emergence of contradictions, polemic disputes. Therefore, the ability of school graduates to conduct a fruitful, effective dialogue in various fields of the sociocultural sphere, to learn the world not from monological (with a claim to absolute truth), but dialogically, pluralistically becomes the most important and communicative property. Meanwhile, observations of the experience of discussions, political meetings and rallies, business meetings, scientific conferences give reason to conclude that in many speeches there is no deliberation, depth and credibility of arguments, consistency and consistency of reasoning, compliance with ethical standards, flexibility of thinking and speed reactions. They still “see” the monopoly on truth, a special style of communication and belief with its monologue moral teachings and harsh, peremptory judgments. In this regard, communicatively-oriented education departs from the monologic way of teaching and reorientes to the dialogical one, which promotes the development of communicative properties among schoolchildren, namely: the ability to discuss, agree, argue, prove, agree (or disagree) [8]. In order for a modern graduate to possess these skills, it is necessary that he be taught this. This requires appropriate organization of the educational process of modern schools, lyceums and gymnasiums. In connection with the relevance of this problem, a research topic arises - Dialogue, as a means of developing students' communicative literacy.

Philosophical and Biomedical Foundations of Personalized Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-1) ◽  
pp. 134-151
Author(s):  
Svetlana Khmelevskaya ◽  
◽  
Elena Ocheredko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

The subject of the research is the philosophical (ontological, epistemological, philosophical-anthropological and social-philosophical) foundations of personalized medicine, the biomedical foundations of which are methods of therapy and prevention of diseases based on the individual characteristics of the patient. The authors highlight the preventive nature of personalized medicine - to prevent the patient's diseases based on certain diagnostic methods and using a system of preventive measures, as well as its focus on improving the effectiveness of treatment for a specific patient. The value of personalized medicine is that it allows to determine precisely the causes of a particular disease or to assess a person's predisposition to certain diseases, to apply preventive measures to minimize the risks of diseases; to use personalized methods of treatment and correction of the conditions of a particular patient, as well as biomarkers for monitoring the effectiveness of therapy. The philosophical foundations of personalized medicine, on the one hand, contain certain philosophical attitudes related to medicine in general, and on the other hand, reflect specific features determined by new technologies that modern medicine possesses. In particular, the article points to a change in the concept of personalization in connection with the disclosure of its content at the genomic level. The authors emphasize that personalized medicine raises a number of new problems of a philosophical nature: the approach to a person as a set of data about his or her body, the possible increase in social inequality due to the lack of general availability of the results of personalized medicine, and so on. The article substantiates the idea that improving and reducing the cost of sequencing technologies will help make new methods of treating diseases more accessible to the general population. Further personification of medicine will occur due to obtaining more and more objective information about patients, increasing the number of subgroups in the typology of patients, offering them variable methods of treatment, as well as due to the increasing involvement of a patient in the treatment processes, based on a better understanding of his/her “existential presence analytics”.

scholarly journals The Use of Symbolic Means for Solving Cognitive Tasks in Older Preschoolers

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
E.A. Tsybulskaya
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Preschool Age Children ◽  
The Individual

We present the results of a replication of the study carried out under the supervision of O.M. Dyachenko in 1995-1997, aimed at studying the individual characteristics of the cognitive development of preschool children. The aim of the presented study was to determine the characteristics of modern symbolic means for solving cognitive tasks use in preschool children. The relevance of replication is due to the importance of the study of the formation and development of various forms of mediation in the preschool age in general and the specific symbolic means in particular, as symbolic means being paired with meanings, are of particular importance in the regulation of human behavior. The study involved 40 students of the Moscow kindergarten at the age of 5 to 6 years. It was shown that the senior preschool age children successfully use symbolic means when performing productive tasks and the performance in cognitive tasks solving using symbolic means in older preschoolers has not changed over the past 20 years.

STRATEGI PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN INFORMASI PERTANIAN MELALUI PEMANFAATAN CYBER EXTENSION DI PROPINSI LAMPUNG

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dame Trully Gultom
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
Need Fulfillment ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Individual

Production of some vegetables in  Lampung Province showed to decline in  the past five years, due to agricultural information technology does not distribute evenly, while the cyber extension could be used to search the agricultural information. The aims of study are (1)  Analyze the factors that influence the horticulture farmers communication behavior to fulfill the need of agricultural information, (2) Formulating the strategy of fulfillment need of agriculture information through the use of cyber extension.  Research design was Sequential Explanatory Design (Mixed Methods). The research was conducted in 16 villages in West Lampung District and Tanggamus District, from October 2014 to January 2015. Respondent samples were taken with sampling quota as many as 180 farmers. The data used were primary and secondary data.  Data analyzed by descriptive analyzed  and inferential analyzed by The Structural Equation Model  (SEM). The results of the study concluded that farmers communication behavior is positively influenced by the individual characteristics, the environmental factors, the potential of cyber extension information source and the potential of conventional information source.  The need fulfillment of  agricultural information  is influenced  by the farmers communication behavior. 

scholarly journals Preface to the Russian Publication: Michael Jabara Carley. A Near-Run Thing: the Improbable Grand Alliance of World War II (1929–1942)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-74
Author(s):  
N. A. Ostroglazova
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Side ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual

The work of Michael Jabara Carley gives a unique perspective on the diplomatic relations of the key world powers in the pre-war period and appeals to a wide audience who are not indifferent to the history of the world. The events described took place almost a century ago and over the years have received a variety of interpretations in the domestic and foreign literature about those times. Painstaking work with archives combined with s fine psychological approach made it possible to recreate and visualize the peculiarities of international relations of those years. This thorough analysis resulting in a vivid cultural description of the fateful period falls neatly within the framework of historical cultural studies and adds to our understanding of the intricacies of world diplomacy. Looking into the past, the author sees in the faded lines of the archived documents more than mere facts: there are people with their principles and insecurities, societies striving for peace and countries earning for power and security at all costs. Sketching portraits of the main characters with a few sharp strokes, Michael Carley manages to immerse the reader in the thick of events and understand the human side of diplomatic relations between countries, which could be allies should things have happened somewhat differently. The translation of the paper does not give verbatim quotations from the Russian language archives, but rather follows the author’s conception. The intention behind the book is not limited to a chronological compilation of dispatches, diaries and reports. On the contrary, it becomes obvious that written documents record dry facts, and only taken in a broader context can they truly shed light on the complex, uneven negotiations. The unique features of the era, traced in the text along with the individual characteristics of the persons involved, deserve readers’ attention as the non-trivial optics with which the author approaches the subject will allow a fresh look at the foreign policy relations of the USSR in 1933-1934. One will see how the cultural canvas through major trends and minor happenings influences the fate of the world. The vision that can be projected to the many and many other events of the past and present.

scholarly journals Approach to the autistic spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1791-1808
Author(s):  
Cristina Maria Belmonte Pérez ◽  
Isabel Albaladejo Martinez ◽  
Nerea Liza Clares ◽  
Jose María Rabal Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Educational Project ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Individual

The objective of the work that we are going to present below is to choose a type of disability, in our case the Autism Spectrum Disorder, on which we will work with the intention of developing an educational project in which the students are given a response, having take into account the individual characteristics of each of them, as well as the context in which they are found. We decided to choose this disability because the four members of the group have treaty, at some point in our life, with people who have Autism Spectrum Disorder, whether they are children or adults. Therefore, it seemed a good idea to work on a topic that we have had the opportunity toapproachpersonally one way or another. However, this does not mean that, by having had the opportunity to meet and interact with people with this syndrome, we have known how to act with and towards them. It is for this reason that we would like to be able to know their characteristics and the needs they need to be able to successfully achieve in our future what we do notwe knew how to doin the past, that is, to contribute to a good development of the student body and to cooperate to achieve their integration into society.

Patient Scheduling — (Bibliography)

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Köhler ◽  
G. Wagner ◽  
U. Wolber
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Patient Scheduling ◽  
Individual Scientist ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Literature ◽  
Current Systems

The entire field of information processing in medicine is today already spread out and branched to such an extent that it is no longer possible to set up a survey on relevant literature as a whole. But even in narrow parts of medical informatics it is hardly possible for the individual scientist to keep up to date with new literature. Strictly defined special bibliographies on certain topics are most helpful.In our days, problems of optimal patient scheduling and exploitation of resources are gaining more and more importance. Scientists are working on the solution of these problems in many places.The bibliography on »Patient Scheduling« presented here contains but a few basic theoretical papers on the problem of waiting queues which are of importance in the area of medical care. Most of the papers cited are concerned with practical approaches to a solution and describe current systems in medicine.In listing the literature, we were assisted by Mrs. Wieland, Mr. Dusberger and Mr. Henn, in data acquisition and computer handling by Mrs. Gieß and Mr. Schlaefer. We wish to thank all those mentioned for their assistance.

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