Achieving the maximum synergistic effect in production

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Ostrovskiy ◽  
A. P. Yakovleva ◽  
A. V. Mukhin ◽  
G. E. Ganina
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Organizational Form ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cooperative Activity ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
Effective Result

Practical activities aimed at improving the efficiency of production often determine the theoretical developments in this area. In this practical activity, it is always possible to discover hidden patterns that can be of great importance for the completion of the relevant theoretical provisions. The article attempts to comprehend some aspects of practical human activity in the direction of increasing the efficiency of production in order to use them to build a synergistic effect management apparatus. Due to the novelty of the issue and the wide range of different approaches, it is necessary to limit ourselves only to a conceptual consideration in order to gain an opportunity to get into the field of practical use in production activities on this basis. The authors propose the concept of achieving the maximum synergistic effect in production on the basis of a new organizational form of cooperative activity, which allows purposefully obtaining an emergent, super-effective result. In order to develop and justify the concept of achieving the maximum synergistic effect in production, a multi-level analysis was carried out at the level of mental activity to develop ways to obtain a synergistic effect, at the level of distinctive features of global innovations in production, and at the level of compatibility of actions to obtain a synergistic effect. Taking into account the synonymy of the concepts of «synergy» and «cooperation», the conclusion about the dominant role of cooperation in obtaining an emergent synergistic property in man-made activities is made. It is shown that the emergent property is most evident in the new organizational form, which is the ergodynamic cooperative (EDC). Borrowing certain features of the analyzed global innovations in the formation of the EDC, the authors suggest that the EDC can claim to be an independent global innovation.

scholarly journals Economics of Digital Ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Yevgenievich Barykin ◽  
Irina Vasilievna Kapustina ◽  
Tatiana Viktorovna Kirillova ◽  
Vladimir Konstantinovich Yadykin ◽  
Yevgenii Aleksandrovich Konnikov
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Digital Ecosystems ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Digital Ecosystem ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
Hierarchical Communication ◽  
Definition Of

This paper examines a new approach to defining digital ecosystems. Within the digital economy of ecosystems, competition is eliminated, and organizations form unions and alliances in order to work together and cooperate to reach a set goal. This means a digital ecosystem can be viewed as a complex environment in which organizations without any hard ties operate. Digital ecosystems differ from traditional ecosystems in many ways. The business organization of the latter is based on management decision making by people. This paper presents theoretical foundations for developing digital ecosystems based on a literary review. Based on the logic of scientific search using the keywords “ecosystem” and “biological ecosystem”, the commonality of the properties of the digital ecosystem and the biological ecosystem is shown. The aim of the study is to identify common characteristics in biological, economic and digital ecosystems in order to substantiate the possibility of using the same approaches for research and modeling of such systems. A definition of a digital ecosystem is proposed by the authors which points out the main features of this kind of system and highlights the dominant role of modern digital technologies in the formation of the digital ecosystem. The paper looks at the distinctive features of digital ecosystems and characteristics similar to the characteristics of biological ecosystems, such as ecosystem participants, presence of limiting impacts, lack of vertical hierarchical communication. The developed model can be used to model digital ecosystems. The authors believe that the emergence of a trend in the transformation of ecosystems in the direction of expanding the collaboration of economic agents is reasonable. At the same time, digitalization helps to replace competition with collaboration. The paper finishes with a discussion of the obtained results and a plan for further research.

The effect of alpha adrenergic blockade on spinal cord autoregulation in the monkey

1977 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur I. Kobrine ◽  
Delbert E. Evans ◽  
Hugo V. Rizzoli
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Spinal Cord Blood Flow ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alpha Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Blood Pressures

✓ Spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) was measured over a wide range of artificially varied mean systemic arterial blood pressures (MAP) in a group of monkeys with alpha adrenergic receptors blocked by the intravenous administration of phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline). The SCBF was found to vary linearly with changes in MAP. Autoregulation appeared to have been abolished. These data are cited as evidence for a dominant role of the sympathetic nervous system in control of the spinal circulation.

Some Consequences of the Pertamina Crisis in Indonesia

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter McCawley
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Oil Boom ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Remarkable Event

The rise and fall of Pertamina is a remarkable event in the recent economic history of Indonesia which has had wide-ranging economic and political ramifications. Formed in 1968, the state enterprise grew rapidly into one of the most important companies in Asia and Indonesia's most vigorous business organization. By 1974, this burgeoning oil conglomerate led by a dynamic President Director, Dr Ibnu Sutowo, known for his “can-do” philosophy and record of delivering the goods, had expanded its activities to a wide range of diverse business ventures both within and outside of Indonesia. But in late 1974, just as it seemed that the oil boom would surely strengthen Pertamina's already-dominant role in political and economic life in Indonesia, severe financial difficulties overtook the enterprise. In March 1975 the Indonesian Government was forced to step in to shore up Pertamina, and the subsequent investigations which continued on into 1976 revealed a series of remarkable business miscalculations which had led the company to accumulate debts officially put at over US$10 billion, much of it in foreign currency. Corruption in Indonesia has attracted much attention in recent years, so it is perhaps not surprising that it is this side of the remarkable Pertamina affair — and especially the role of Dr Ibnu Sutowo — that has received most comment. But the controversy surrounding the rise and fall of Ibnu Sutowo should not be allowed to obscure other significant issues. There are numerous semi-independent “states within a state” in Indonesia, and the role of particular individuals (whether honest or corrupt) within them should be kept in perspective. After discussing the background to the Pertamina crisis below, several issues will be taken up. It will be argued that while the economic consequences are bound to be farreaching, their impact on the economy should not be exaggerated. It will also be suggested that it is conflict between the need for autonomy and the desirability of public accountability which is at the heart of the debates about Pertamina's role, that many other official institutions (especially state enterprises) are faced with a similar conflict, and that we must look to the long-term development of institutional checks and balances to permanently improve the situation.

Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Tool Rake Angle on Residual Stresses in Precision Hard Turning

2016 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Kundrák ◽  
Gergely Szabó ◽  
Angelos P. Markopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Hard Turning ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Wide Range

In precision manufacturing processes surface integrity is of the utmost importance for the performance and life-cycle of the final products. An important aspect of surface integrity is associated with residual stresses induced in the workpiece during machining. According to the relevant literature, tool rake angle plays an important role on the features of residual stresses, regarding their magnitude and distribution within the workpiece. In this paper, numerical investigations with the use of the finite elements method are presented that allow the evaluation of the influence of the tool rake angle on residual stresses for the case of hard turning of stainless steel. The investigation is performed in a wide range of positive and negative rake angles. Numerical results verify the dominant role of tool rake angle on the residual stresses. The proposed models can be used for the a priori evaluation of the characteristics of compressive stresses that are considered favorable for the produced components.

Vocal heritage of A.S. Dargomyzhsky in the aspect of the composer’s musical performance and pedagogical practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Ezhova
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Musical Performance ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Musical Expression ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Musical Works ◽  
Actual Content ◽  
The Relationship

The necessity of studying the stylistic features of A.S. Dargomyzhsky’s vocal creativity is substantiated to understand the relationship between music and words in works for voice and pi-ano, as the actual content of the process of developing competencies necessary for the pedagogical and concertmaster activities of graduates of a music and pedagogical university. The necessity of using the pedagogical component in the study of the concertmaster activity of composers, authors of chamber vocal and opera works has been proved. The main performing techniques of A.S. Dargomyzhsky, developing the principles of representatives of the Russian vocal school, are analyzed. We show the general and distinctive features in the methods of vocal teachers of other national schools: Italian, French, German. An understanding of the role of the creative union of singers and accompanists in the embodiment of the artistic content of musical works is formed. A.S. Dargomyzhsky’s innovative interpretation of traditional vocal genres led to the subordination of the means of musical expression to the main goal – to reveal the meaningful storyline of songs and romances. A parallel is drawn with the formation of performing and pedagogical principles in modern musical culture. The conclusion is made about the dominant role of artistic content in the performing interpretation of musical compositions, as the priority of the activities of musicians-teachers and performers of our time.

scholarly journals Влияние дипольной поляризации эмитирующей поверхности на пороги автоэмиссии многоострийных кремниевых катодных матриц

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Р.К. Яфаров
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fluorocarbon Plasma ◽  
Silicon Structures ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Dipole Polarization

AbstractRegularities of changes in the structural-phase composition and morphological and field-emission characteristics of surface-structured silicon wafers with various types of conductivity have been studied. It is shown that the use of a fluorocarbon plasma in the process of structuring, along with a carbon mask coating, allows obtaining preset autoemission currents of silicon cathode matrices when the external electric-field strength varies in a wide range irrespectively of the change of the gain factors of the fields of the emitting protrusions. The dominant role of dipole polarization in autoemission of electrons in surface-modified silicon structures has been established.

scholarly journals Active Citizenship or Activist Citizenship? A Framework for Studying Citizenship in New Social Movements and the Role of ICTs

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venetia Papa ◽  
Dimitra L. Milioni
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
New Media ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Political Protest ◽  
Active Citizenship ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Level Analysis

The latter half of the twentieth century witnessed an upsurge in mobilization and collective action by a wide range of activists and groups engaging in social and political protest, all over the world, which continues to this day. New media are not only greatly facilitating the ways in which activists communicate and protest, but are also altering the relation of the movements to territorial boundaries and localities. Scholars from a wide range of disciplines have tended to focus on questions about the internet’s role in protest, without attempting to answer the changing meaning of what it means to be a citizen within such movements and through their practices. This article responds to this need by developing an analytical framework for studying the connection between citizenship and ICT-mediated social movements, drawing on existing scholarship on social movements, citizenship and ICTs. Specifically, using citizenship studies as a starting point, it brings together elements that are necessary for a two-level analysis: a) the tangible aspects that are seen as the concrete practices of movements and their participants and b) the ideational aspects that are seen as the abstract practices of movements and their participants. This provides a theoretical structure that facilitates connections between different disciplines that might otherwise be difficult to discern, so that the construction of citizenship can be studied on an interdisciplinary basis.

The Dominant Role of Commanders in the Sudanese Military Justice System and Accountability for International Crimes

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-406
Author(s):  
Emma Charlene Lubaale
Keyword(s):  
Justice System ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
National Level ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Military Justice ◽  
International Crimes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Accountability Gap

Members of national defence forces are increasingly being implicated in the commission of international crimes. In Sudan, for example, reports indicate that members of the Sudanese Armed Force (SAF) are responsible for a wide range of international crimes in respect of the Darfur war. In 2007, Sudan amended the Armed Forces Act by, inter alia, criminalising international crimes. The explicit criminalisation of international crimes is commendable as it provides a legal basis for holding members of the SAF to account for the international crimes allegedly committed. The question left unresolved, however, is whether, given the dominant role of commanders in the Sudanese military justice system, it is feasible to hold commanders of the SAF to account. By critically analysing selected aspects of Sudan's Armed Forces Act, this article argues that the dominant role of commanders in Sudan's military justice system makes holding commanders to account unviable at the national level. The article, however, questions whether making reforms to the dominant role of commanders would create lasting solutions to this accountability gap. Could, perhaps, the dominant role of commanders create an entry point for other forums such as the International Criminal Court (ICC) to hold commanders to account, on the basis of the principle of command responsibility?

scholarly journals Hydrological response in a highly urbanized watershed in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meifang Ren ◽  
Gabriele Villarini ◽  
Bo Pang ◽  
Zongxue Xu ◽  
Longgang Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
High Flows ◽  
Beijing Metropolitan Area ◽  
Impervious Areas

Urbanization has a strong signal on the hydrologic cycle, leading to reduced infiltration, and faster and larger runoff. However, less is known in watersheds that have been experiencing such a large and rapid urbanization as those in China. Here we focus on the Wenyu watershed, a fast urbanizing basin located in the Beijing metropolitan area. Using a statistical attribution framework, we examine the hydrological response to the increasing urbanization across a wide range of discharge quantiles, from low to high flows; moreover, we perform analyses at the seasonal scale to capture differences in the physical processes at play during the year. In addition to impervious areas, we also consider precipitation, temperature, antecedent wetness, recycled water amount, and groundwater level as potential predictors. Results indicate that our models can capture well the variability in streamflow in this highly urbanized basin. Overall, urbanization played a different role for the different seasons and discharge quantiles. More specifically, we find its strongest impact to be in winter and spring, and for low and median quantiles. The role of precipitation is the strongest in summer, and it increases as we move towards the upper tail of the discharge distribution. Recycled water, on the other hand, tends to play a more dominant role in winter and spring.

scholarly journals Lessons from cavin-1 deficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mechanical Sensing

Caveolae have been implicated in a wide range of critical physiological functions. In the past decade, the dominant role of cavin-1 in caveolae formation has been established, and it has been recognized as another master regulator for caveolae biology. Human patients with cavin-1 mutations develop lipodystrophy and muscular dystrophy and have some major pathological dysfunctions in fat tissue, skeleton muscle, heart, lung and other organs. Cavin-1 deficiency animal models consistently show similar phenotypes. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Recent studies have suggested many possible pathways, including mechanosensing, stress response, signal transduction, exosome secretion, and potential functions in the nucleus. Many excellent and comprehensive review articles already exist on the topics of caveolae structure formation, caveolins, and their pathophysiological functions. We will focus on recent studies using cavin-1 deficiency models, to summarize the pathophysiological changes in adipose, muscle, and other organs, followed by a summary of mechanistic studies about the roles of cavin-1, which includes caveolae formation, ribosomal RNA transcription, mechanical sensing, stress response, and exosome secretion. Further studies may help to elucidate the exact underlying molecular mechanism to explain the pathological changes observed in cavin-1 deficient human patients and animal models, so potential new therapeutic strategies can be developed.

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