The rationed feeding system of highly productive cows, taking into account their biochemical status

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
I. V. Gusarov ◽  
O. D. Obryaeva
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
The North ◽  
Biochemical Status ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Metabolic Intensity

Researchers of the Department of Feed and Feeding of farm animals of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Vologda Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, as a result of research had been developed a draft system of rationed feeding system of highly productive cows, taking into account the biochemical status of the animal under different conditions of housing in the North of the European part of Russia, within the framework of the research topic AAAAA-A17-117032210064-7. A distinctive feature of the system is the physiological justification of the normative indicators of nutrient requirements for highly productive cows in the phases of lactation, depending on the level of daily productivity. The value of the development lies in a systematic approach to the requirements of complite rationed feeding of highly productive cows, feed quality, feeding regime and technique, taking into account the biochemical status of animals with different methods of housing. The feeding system provides for the year-round use of a feed mixture, which favorably affects the main indicators of the usefulness of the ration and, first of all, the concentration of energy (over 10,5 MJ/kg in dry matter), crude protein (at least 15,0 % in dry matter). The quality of raw protein characterizes the positive balance of protein not cleaved in the rumen. The practical application of the proposed rations with less than 50 % concentrated feed in their structure, the use of highly nutritious feed in the developed feeding scheme should be combined with regular monitoring of the biochemical status of the animal. Ensuring daily metabolism is based on the control of the main indicators of metabolic intensity, such as glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (not lower than 0,3 mg-eq/ml), alanine aminotransferase (not higher than 16 units/ml·h), aspartate aminotransferase (not higher than 27 units/ml·h), etc. The use of the feeding system ensures the productivity of animals at the level of 9000 kg of milk and above per lactation.

scholarly journals ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ И АДАПТИВНОСТЬ СОРТООБРАЗЦОВ ЛЮЦЕРНЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ СРЕДНЕГО ПОВОЛЖЬЯ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Epifanova ◽  
О.А. Timoshkin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Federal State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Alfalfa Varieties ◽  
Seed Yields

Исследования проводили на опытном поле Пензенского ИСХ филиала ФГБНУ ФНЦ ЛК в 2013-2016 годах. Цель исследований оценить продуктивность новых сортообразцов люцерны и параметры их адаптивности к лимитирующим факторам среды при возделывании в одновидовом посеве. В среднем за годы исследований продуктивность сухого вещества сортообразцов люцерны колебалась от 6,72 до 12,21 т/га в зависимости от индекса условий среды (Ii -3,55-1,85). Лучшим по продуктивности является сортообразец Популяция 11/15 с урожайностью 11,42 т/га ( 7,6 к st.). Изменчивость продуктивности сухого вещества варьирует от 23,0 до 27,2, что характеризует среднюю стабильность признака. Изучаемые образцы люцерны показали высокую экологическую адаптивность и пластичность, значения bi варьировали в пределах 0,86-1,26. Наиболее стабильными и пластичными по продуктивности сухого вещества являются сортообразцы: Стабильная bi 0,90 dr2 1,11 Популяция 10/14 bi 0,98 dr2 0,68. Семенная продуктивность образцов люцерны в среднем за годы исследований колебалась от 0,36 до 0,67 т/га в зависимости от индекса условий среды (Ii 0,150,15). Лучшим по урожайности семян является сортообразец Мечта Биотип 4 0,67 т/га ( 21,8 к st.). Изменчивость урожайности семян у стандарта Камелия была слабой 9,4 средняя изменчивость урожайности (24,1-27,4) была у образцов Популяция 8, Корнеотпрысковая 1 и Корнеотпрысковая 2. Более высоким показателем уровня стабильности сорта характеризовались стандарт Камелия и Мечта Биотип 4, индекс стабильности (ИС) которых составил 0,18 и 0,32, соответственно. Наиболее стабильными и пластичными сортами по урожайности семян являются сортообразцы: Популяция 11/15 bi -1,05 dr2 0,16 Стабильная bi -0,90 dr2 0,16 ПП урожай 07 bi -1,04 dr2 0,08.The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the Penza Institute of Agriculture - a branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops in 2013-2016. The aim of the research was to evaluate the productivity of new alfalfa varieties and the parameters of their adaptability to limiting environmental factors when grown in a single-species cultivation. On average, over the years of research, the dry matter productivity of alfalfa varieties varied from 6.72 to 12.21 t/ha depending on the index of environmental conditions (Ii-3.55-1.85). The best in productivity was the Populyatsiya 11/15 variety with a yield of 11.42 t/ha ( 7.6 to st.). The variability of dry matter productivity varied from 23.0 to 27.2, which characterizes the average stability of the trait. The studied alfalfa samples showed high environmental adaptability and plasticity, the bi values varied in the range of 0.86-1.26. The most stable and flexible in terms of dry matter productivity were the following varieties: Stabilnaya - bi 0.90 dr2 1.11 Populyatsiya 10/14 - bi 0.98 dr2 0.68. The seed productivity of alfalfa samples on average over the years of research ranged from 0.36 to 0.67 t/ha depending on the index of environmental conditions (Ii - 0.15...0.15).The best variety in terms of seed yield was the Mechta Biotype 4 variety - 0.67 t/ha ( 21.8 to st.). The variability of seed yields of the Kamellia standard was weak - 9.4 the average yield variability (24.1-27.4) was in the Populyatsiya 8, Korneotpryskovaya 1 and Korneotpryskovaya 2 varieties. The Kamellia standard and Mechta Biotype 4, which stability index (SI) was 0.18 and 0.32, respectively, were characterized by a higher level of stability of the variety. The most stable and flexible varieties in terms of seed yield were the varieties: Populyatsiya 11/15 - bi -1.05 dr2 0.16 Stabilnaya - bi -0.90 dr2 0.16 PP urozhaj 07 - bi -1.04 dr2 0.08.

RESULTS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN BREEDERS OF DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONS IN CREATION OF NEW GENERATION APPLE TREE

1970 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Е. N. Sedov ◽  
T. V. Yanchuk ◽  
S. А. Korneeva ◽  
L. I. Dutova ◽  
Е. V. Ulianovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
The North ◽  
State Register ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
New Generation

The experience in cooperation of breeders of different institutions in creating cultivars is shown. It is not always when the breeding institution has the necessary initial forms for selection. In this regard, there is a need to conduct separate stages of selection in different breeding institutions. For this purpose, a provision on authorship and continuity in the integrated work of several institutions in fruit breeding has been developed (Program and methods of fruit, berry and nut crop breeding. Annex. – Orel, 1995. – pp. 492-498). Breeding work of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) and North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking can serve as a positive experience of creating new apple cultivars by two institutions. As a result of the joint work of these two institutions, 22 apple cultivars have been created, of which 9 have already been included in the state register of breeding achievements approved for use (zoned), including three cultivars for the conditions of the Middle zone of Russia – Aleksandr Boiko, Maslovskoye and Yablochny Spas and six cultivars for the conditions of the North Caucasus – Vasilisa, Karmen, Margo, Orfey, Soyuz and Talisman. Brief economical and biological characteristics of these cultivars are given in this paper. The obtained practical results indicate that in some cases, when creating modern cultivars that meet the requirements of production, it is necessary to use the knowledge of breeders, the source material and equipment of different breeding institutions, and carry out separate stages of the selection process in different institutions.

Аquatic and helophytic vegetation of the Yamozero Lake (The Komi Republic)

2011 ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Yu. Teteryuk
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
European Part ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Floristic Classification

The results of a sintaxonomical study of plant communities of the Yamozero lake (the North-East of the European part of Russia) are presented. The diversity of the aquatic and helophytic vegetation of the Yamozero lake consists of 16 associations and 2 communities of 6 unions, 4 orders and 2 classes of the floristic classification: Potamogetonetea (7 associations, 2 communities), Phragmito-Magnocaricetea (9 associations). Many of described associations are widely distributed in the Central and the Eastern Europe. Some associations have the boundaries of their ranges. Some communities include 2 rare species of regional level: Isoetes setacea and Sagittaria natans.

New Systems for the Digestion of Solid Wastes

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wellinger ◽  
U. Baserga ◽  
K. Egger
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Strong Shear ◽  
First Results

Two new systems for the digestion of solid wastes at thermophilic temperatures were developped and are currently being investigated at our research institute. The first system (ANCOM) was designed to process straw-rich cattle manure with a natural dry matter content of 18% to 22%. First results demonstrated a good specific gas production of 1.2 m3 biogas per m3 digester volume and day (54% methane) corresponding to a gas yield of 400 l per kg VS. A second digester system was developed to treat fruit, garden and vegetable (FGV-) waste. Because FGV-waste tends to float, a stirred tank reactor was designed in cooperation with an engineering firm. The reactor includes a distinguished new stirring system taking up strong shear forces and a hydraulic feeding system which guarantees that even during recirculation of the material, the hygenized digested substrate leaving the digester is not brought in contact with the fresh incoming material. First results measured at an HRT of 40 days demonstrated a specific gas production of 2.7 m3 per m3 fermenter and day.

scholarly journals Hydrographic and erosional dissection pattern as an indicator of landform type of the Malozemelskaya and Bolshezemelskaya Tundra

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Sergey Kharchenko ◽  
Yury Belyaev
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
European Part ◽  
Hilly Terrain ◽  
The North ◽  
European Part Of Russia

The paper describes the methodology and presents the results of the calculation of the spectral characteristics of the terrain for the territory of the Bolshezemelskaya and Malozemelskaya Tundra (the north of the European part of Russia). There are nine terrain clusters, differing in the topographic dissection pattern. Their geomorphological interpretation is given. Three clusters characterize mountainous and coarsely hilly terrain with the depth of dissection from 150 m and more. The others are low and elevated terrains with much lower depths of dissection (up to 50 m) and different patterns of interposition of landforms.

Рathogenetic methods of therapy using medicinal-table mineral water

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Oksana A. Gizinger
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Water ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Testing Center ◽  
Natural Healing ◽  
Alkaline Range

The pathogenetic rationale for the use of «Prolom Voda» produced in the Republic of Serbia is presented. Research conducted at the accredited testing center of natural healing resources of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Russian Scientific Center for Restorative Medicine and Balneology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia 9 accreditation certificate No. pH in the alkaline range.

Die Bedeutung der ethne in der Politik und den Politeiai des Aristoteles

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertrud Dietze-Mager
Keyword(s):  
Federal State ◽  
The Political ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Shed Light

The Politeiai are one of Aristotle’s historical works. Several hundreds of fragments have come down to us. While Aristotle’s Nomima barbarika recorded the customs of the barbaric ethne, the Politeiai are generally considered to be a collection of polisconstitutions. A closer look reveals, however, that alongside a majority of Greek poleis Aristotle also included several ethne in his Politeiai, namely those in the North(west) of the Greek mainland and on the Peleponnesus. This article tries to shed light on Aristotle’s reasons for selecting these ethne. On the basis of key passages in the Politics, the author argues that their presence in the Politeiai indicates that Aristotle considered them as Hellenic, and, although inferior in status to the polis, capable of having a politeia. In Aristotle’s time, nearly all of the ethne known to have been included in the Politeiai had formed koina. While Aristotle did not explicitly discuss the federal state, he acknowledged its existence both in the Politics and the Politeiai, obviously inspired by the political reality of his time in which the koina played an increasingly prominent role, illustrated by their presence as members in Hellenic treaties alongside the poleis.

DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE INDICES OF EXTREME IN THE TERRITORY OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA IN THE PERIOD 1980-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-442
Author(s):  
V.V. Guryanov ◽  
A.K. Sungatullin
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
European Part ◽  
The North ◽  
Hourly Data ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Spatial Grid ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

The spatio-temporal variability of the average values of temperature indices of climate extremity in the territory of the European part of Russia (ER) in 1980-2019 is presented. To calculate the extremeness indices, we used hourly data on the maximum and minimum temperatures obtained using the ERA5 reanalysis on a 1°´1° spatial grid. Statistical processing of the index values revealed an increase in the temperature indices TNX, TNN, TXN, TXX, associated with the minimum and maximum temperatures, with the exception of the north and southeast of the region. An increase in the number of sunny days and a decrease in the number of frosty days were also revealed.

Survey of Bali bull fattening practices in central Lombok, eastern Indonesia, based on feeding of Sesbania grandiflora

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahlanuddin ◽  
Baiq T. Yuliana ◽  
Tanda Panjaitan ◽  
Michael J. Halliday ◽  
Elske van de Fliert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Lower Side ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
History Of

A longitudinal survey was conducted in 2013 to document the productivity of the Sesbania grandiflora feeding system for cattle fattening in central Lombok. Sesbania is integrated into the intensive rice-growing region by planting it along the rice bunds surrounding the rice fields. The hamlet of Nyerot in the subdistrict of Jonggat was chosen for the study as it had a long history of successful use of sesbania for fattening Bali bulls. Parameters measured included: area of rice paddy where sesbania could be planted; forage establishment, harvesting and feeding practices; cattle purchases and sales; and monthly liveweight gain. Farmers planted an average of 406 sesbania trees on bunds surrounding 0.6 ha of rice paddy. The median values for the main forages fed (dry matter offered) were harvested elephant grass (78% of diet), sesbania (12% of diet) and other feeds (mainly rice bran) (5% of diet). Sesbania was harvested by lopping the lower side branches of ~6 trees per bull per day and never completely defoliating single trees. The farmers fattened an average of 1.6 bulls at a time achieving a yearly mean liveweight gain of 0.41 kg/bull.day. New bulls were purchased with an average liveweight of 203 kg while the average sale weight was 260 kg. Purchase and sale prices were high at A$3.27 and A$3.29, respectively, while the average fattening period was 5 months. Bull liveweight gains were related to total amount of forage fed. No direct statistically significant link between liveweight gains and amount of sesbania fed was obtained due to the multiple factors that influenced forage and bull management. This survey has provided new insights into the practice of bull fattening in central Lombok. The survey has confirmed the high productivity of the feeding system and has highlighted the opportunity to scale out the use of system to other regions.

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